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1、二、 长对话部分：（19-25题，共七题） 长对话是四级题目中最新的面孔，之前从未出现过。前四题是一个稍长的长对话，后三题基于一个稍短的长对话。根据最新样题的例证，长一些的长对话设计为17句，即八个短对话的长度，短一些的长对话为12句，既六个短对话的长度。其实，可以把它认为是短对话和听力短文的结合。因为长对话在四级的表现就是听力短文式的问题设置用短对话的形式进行表现。听长对话的时候，首先，位置感很重要。一般而言，对话时，开头的客套以及问候与结尾的道别结束语很少出题，而对话中段往往才是重点。第二、边听边看，尽量在听的时候确定哪个选项能够最大程度的吻合，这是做短文听力的宗旨，同样适用于长对话。第三

2、、长对话的源头应该是托福听力，所以，我们可以大胆预测诸如校园、找工作、租房、图书馆等等高频场景将再度和考生见面。长对话应试策略 四级考试听力在日常生活中,我们只要掌握自己关心的信息,而在听力考试中,我们则要抓住关键的命题点。以下分听前预测和听时抓“点”两个步骤详解听力长对话的应试策略。 一、听前预测 听前预测对于听力长对话非常重要。放音间隔的时间应尽可能留作预测之用。若想有效使用这短短几十秒的放音间隔时间,需把握以下两个原则： 1. 先纵后横 所谓“先纵”，就是首先通读每篇后的3-4个小题，找出关键词，前后联系，预测全篇大致主题。 所谓“后横”，就是在仍有时间的情况下，通看各题选项，看看是否存

3、在生词，总结长句的核心意思，以此预测考点和可能的答案。两步预测都要注意随时做出标注,划出关键词或简写长句的大意,因为单凭记忆在高压的听力考试中是万万靠不住的。 以2007年12月Conversation Two为例: 23. A) She is thirsty for promotion. B) She wants a much higher salary. C) She is tired of her present work. D) She wants to save travel expenses. 首先通过promotion, salary和work可得出本对话的大致主题是有关职业,再

4、联系两次出现的wants,想到或许与求职有关,并顺理成章地想到可能会谈到离职的原因、新职位的性质以及薪酬等等。这就是上面所说的先纵。 此后我们可对选项中较长的词语做标注,如下划线所示。通过听录音我们发现本题答案的对应信息在原文中是Im fed up with my job., 正是tired of的同义置换。这就是上面所说的后横。 可见,事先标注关键信息,可让我们在听时将注意力集中到更小的点,起到事半功倍的效果。 2. 分清主次 与生活中的情形相似,双方对话的时候常有主次之分,如:一方询问,另一方作答时,关键信息多出现在作答一方,考点自然也就多出于此。分清对话双方的主次对于我们预测考点出现的位

5、置很重要,方法也简单易行。 以2006年12月Conversation Two为例: 22. A) It was about a little animal. B) It took her six years to write. C) It was adapted from a fairy tale. D) It was about a little girl and her pet. 23. A) She knows how to write best-selling novels. B) She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults.

6、C) She is able to win enough support from publishers. D) She can make a living by doing what she likes. 24. A) The characters. B) The readers.C) Her ideas. D) Her life experiences. 25. A) She doesnt really know where they originated. B) She mainly drew on stories of ancient saints. C) They popped ou

7、t of her child-hood dreams. D) They grew out of her long hours of thinking. 通看下划线部分不难发现,几乎所有的选项都与女性会话者有关,可料想此对话中男性会话者多提出问题,女性多做答复,听时当然主要听女性会话者所说的内容。有了充分的听前预测,听时的主要任务就是抓住考点,且掌握如下两个原则: 1. 考点均匀分布,易出现在话轮转换处 首先,长对话后设的3-4个小题一般均匀地分布在对话的每个回合,极少出现某一个回合包含两个考点的情况。这样,我们在一个对话回合中找到一个考点后,剩余的部分就可不做详听,让紧张的神经稍做放松,有利于

8、将精力集中于下面的考点。 其次,考点的位置多是话轮转换的时候。具体的说,就是对话一方某段发言的开头和结尾部分,这也完全符合西方人的思维习惯,即在发言伊始多是开门见山,而在发言结尾处又总括强调。仍以2006年12月Conversation Two为例: M: Hi, Miss Rowling, how old were you when you started to write? And what was your first book? W: I wrote my first story when I was about six. It was about a small animal, a

9、rabbit, I mean, and Ive been writing ever since. (22题考点) M: Why did you choose to be an author? W: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness, step one would be finding out what you love doing most and step two would be finding someone to pay you to do this. I consider myself very lucky indeed to

10、be able to support myself by writing. (23题考点) M: Do you have any plans to write books for adults? W: My first two novels were for adults. I suppose I might write another one, but I never really imagine a target audience when Im writing. The ideas come first, so it really depends on the ideas that gr

11、asp me next. (24题考点) M: Where did the ideas for the Harry Potter books come from? W: Ive no idea where the ideas came from. And I hope Ill never find out. (25题考点) It would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny wrinkle on the surface of my brain, which makes me think about the invi

12、sible train platform. 2. 重复率较高的词或短语多成为考点 对话的主要内容理所当然会得到说话人的强调,而一个非常重要且明显的强调方式就是重复,故重复的词语往往能够揭示对话的主题。 如问:What is the news coverage mainly about? 而原文中多次出现rebel forces, conflict, war等与叛乱相关的词语,也可判断本题答案为A) The latest developments of an armed rebellion in Karnak. Try out 23. A) Marketing consultancy. B) P

13、rofessional accountancy. C) Luxury hotel management. D) Business conference organization. 24. A) Having a good knowledge of its customs. B) Knowing some key people in tourism. C) Having been to the country before. D) Being able to speak Japanese. 25. A) It will bring her potential into full play. B)

14、 It will involve lots of train travel. C) It will enable her to improve her Chinese. D) It will give her more chance to visit Japan. M: Miss Jones, could you tell me more about your first job with hotel marketing concepts? W: Yes, certainly. I was a marketing consultant responsible for marketing ten

15、 UK hotels. (23题考点) They were all luxury hotels in the leisure sector, all of a very high standard. M: Which markets were you responsible for? W: For Europe and Japan. M: I see from your resume that you speak Japanese. Have you ever been to Japan? W: Yes, I have. I spent a month in Japan in 2006. I

16、met all the key people in the tourist industry, the big tour operators, and the tourist organizations. As I speak Japanese, I had a very big advantage. (24题考点) M: Yes, of course. Have you had any contact with Japan in your present job? W: Yes, Ive had a lot. Cruises have become very popular with the

17、 Japanese both for holidays and for business conferences. In fact, the market for all types of luxury holidays for the Japanese has increased a lot recently. M: Really? Im interested to hear more about that. But first tell me, have you ever traveled on a luxury train, the Orienting Express for examp

18、le. W: No, I havent. But Ive traveled on the Glacier Express to Switzerland, and I traveled across China by train about 8 years ago. I love train travel. Thats why I am very interested in this job. (25题考点) 23. What did the woman do in her first job? 24. What gave the woman an advantage during her bu

19、siness trip in Japan? 25. Why is the woman applying for the new job? 答案&解析 23. A)细节题。问题询问女士的第一份工作。答案在对话的开头,关键词为marketing consultant。故选A)。 24. D)细节题。问题询问女士认为自己在日本公司的优势。关键句是As I speak Japanese, I had a very big advantage.故选D)。 25. B)细节题。关键句是I love train travel. Thats why I am very interested in this j

20、ob. involve意为涉及,包含。故选B)。四六级考试听力长对话6大边听边记技能边听边记是听力中一项非常重要的技能，但是做笔记并不是要把听到的每一个单词都记下来，笔记无非是帮助记忆的手段，只要能把重要的信息用可识别的符号记录下来，就算达到了目的。因此为了提高听与记的效率，应注意把握一定的技巧和原则。一、抓住首尾句主题句常常是在对话的开头，它对整个对话的内容起一个概括和提示的作用，实际上是说话人所谈论的中心话题。长对话中的第一题很可能是针对对话的开头提问，考查考生对整个对话的主题或所谈话题的把握。结尾处往往涉及到建议、决定或某种行为等，它对整个对话起到一个总结的作用。长对话的最后一题经常是针

21、对对话的结尾设题，故留意其中的关键动词就成了解题的关键。【例1】(07-6-19)【预览选项】A To go sightseeing.B To have meetings.C To promote a new champagne.D To join in a training program.【边听边记】M: Hi, Ann, welcome back. Hows your trip to the states?W: Very busy, 19I had a lot of meetings. 19. Why did the woman go to New York?【答案解析】选B。细节题。对

22、话一开始，男士就问女士去美国的旅行怎么样，女士回答说很忙，她had a lot of meetings(要参加很多会议)，由此可知女士去纽约是去参加会议。二、留意对话中的一问一答长对话中，对话双方往往出现多个一问一答，而这一恰恰是长对话的一个出题重点，对话后面问题往往就是对话原文中问题的照搬或是同义转述，因此其答案就是对话中紧接问题之后的答语，而且一般不会有同音或近音词的干扰，因此对于这类题目答案的基本原则就是听到什么选什么。【例2】(07-6-25)【预览选项】A Data collection.B Training consultancy.C Corporate management.D

23、Information processing.【边听边记】W: Whats your line of business, Mr. Johnson?M: We are a training consultancy.25. What is the mans line of business?【答案解析】选B。细节题。女士的提问即为本题的提问，答案就在男士接下来的回答中。女士问男士Whats your line of business(做哪一行)，男士回答说We are a training consultancy(我们是培训咨询公司),由此可知答案为B。对话的主要内容理所当然会得到说话人的强调，而

24、一个非常重要，也是非常明显的强调方式就是重复，而且重复的词语往往能够揭示对话的主题。因此对那些对话双方多次提到的词语或内容应进行重点记忆。【例3】(710分样卷-22)【预览选项】AThe latest developments of an armed rebellion in Karnak.BThe fall of Karnaks capital city into the hands of the rebel forces.CThe epidemic that has just broken out in the country of Karnak.DThe peace talks bet

25、ween the rebels and the government in Karnak. 【边听边记】W: We now interrupt our regular scheduled news program to bring you live up-to-date coverage on the civil unrest in the newly formed country of Karnak, where our man Stan Fielding is stationed. Stan .M: , rebel forces launched the biggest offensive

26、 against the ruling government in the 18-month conflict here in this country.M:, rebel forces are also using heavy artillery to pound the positions of government forces around the city center. Rebel forces are closing in, M: this war-torn country , but that is always a concern if this war lingers on

27、.22.What is the news coverage mainly about? 【答案解析】选A。主旨题。主旨题的答案往往在开头或结尾，而本题的答案即出自开头的第一句。选项中的latest(最新的)对应该句中的live up-to-date(最新直播)，armed rebellion(武装叛乱)对应unrest(动乱)。另外，对话的主题往往会得到多次重复，因此根据后面多次出现的rebel forces, conflict, war等与“叛乱”相关的词语，也可判断本题答案为A。四、留意选项中的要点内容正确选项往往与原文相似，或是原文的同义表达，因此应注意提取选项中的关键点，在听音时留意其

28、是否在文中出现并加以记录。【例4】(710分样卷-25)【预览选项】A Inadequate medical care.B Continuing social unrest.C Lack of food, water and shelter.D Rapid spreading of the epidemic【边听边记】W: what other pressing concerns are there for the citizens of the city?M: Well, since the beginning of the conflict, starvation, and lack of

29、 clean water and adequate shelter have been the biggest daily obstacles facing the citizens of this war-torn country.25. What is the pressing concern of the citizens of Karnack?【答案解析】选C。细节题。四个选项中只有C项内容在对话中出现，其他三项均未涉及到，故只要抓住对话中starvation, and lack of clean water and adequate shelter或其部分内容，即可判断答案为C。st

30、arvation意为“饥饿”。遇到数字、人名、地名、时间、年代时要对相关信息做简要记录，尤其是选项中出现类似的概念时，在听音时更应重点留意。【例5】(710分样卷-24)【预览选项】A Late in the morning.B Early in the afternoon.C Sometime before dawn.D Shortly after sunrise. 【边听边记】M: Rebel forces are closing in, and its feared tha they will be able to take the capital building before day

31、break where, it is believed, many government officials are holding out.24. At what time of day do you think this news report is being made?【答案解析】选C。细节题。根据原文中its feared that they will before daybreak.可知，当时报道的时间应该是在before daybreak(黎明破晓前)。dawn相当于daybreak。六、注意使用缩略语记笔记一定要迅速，而要想在有限的时间内尽可能比较全面的记录重点信息，使用一定的

32、缩略语和熟悉的符号是十分必要的，主要有以下几种方法：1.利用数学符号。如equal写成“=”; “”表示“unequal”;“”代表increase/up; “”表示result from/because/since/for/as;“”代表lead to/result in/has become/turn into;“”表示decrease/drop/dip/fall;“”代表about/almost;表示more than;表示 less than;“ +”代表include/cover;“-”则是exclude等。2.利用数字和其他固定符号。能用数字或其他固定符号代表的词全部用阿拉伯数字或

33、符号，这样既能节约时间，又能避免拼写错误，如：twenty写成 20; nineteen eighty four记作1984; $=dollar; =pound; 11 in the morning=11 am; 11 in the evening=11 pm等。3.创造自己的速写符号。在平时的训练中也可以使用和创造一些符合自己习惯的缩略语和符号，如u可代表understand(ing); m可代表mean(ing); m=minute; s=second; h=hour; imp.=important/importance; nec.=necessary等。四级听力的题型及提问方式不过掌握一

34、些应试技巧还是有必要的，有些看似不起眼的小细节，往往会决定考试成败。下面就最易失分的听力部分请“牛人”们传授一些小技巧听力的提问方式最常见的有4种类型。1)中心思想题。这类问题主要是测试文章的主题思想。提问方式有：What is the main idea of the passage?Whatcan we learn from this passage? What is the best title for this passage? What is the passage mainly about ? What is the speaker talking about?等等。做这一类题时一

35、定要注意集中精力听好短文的开头，因为四级听力短文一般会开门见山，把中心思想置于文章的开头。另外，如果文中反复出现同一词汇或同一类词汇，同样也值得我们特别注意，因为包含有这类词汇的选项*考试&大能较好地体现中心思想，通常就是正确答案。2)事实细节题。所考察的细节包括具体时间、地点、主要人物或事件、各种数字等，问题一般为wh-question的形式。这类题要求我们听到文中出现时间、数字时一定要特别敏感，及时做好笔记；另外，文中一旦出现以因果连词(如because,so,dueto等)和转折连词(如but,however,though等)引导的句子也要格外留心，这些地方往往就是考点。3)对错判断题。

36、这类题常用以下提问方式：Which of the following is true/not true,according to the passage?Which of the following is not mentioned ? 等等。听到这类题时，一定要听清提问，对于有没有not一词要弄清楚。一般情况下，not一词会重读。4)推理推测题。这类题需要对文中的信息进行分析推断，*考试&大才能作出正确的选择。提问方式有：Whatcan be infer from the passage?What does the speaker think about the problem.? What

37、 does the speaker most concerned about? How does the writer feel about.?等等。做这类题时一定要注意与短文内容一样的不是推断，而且一定要根据短文的观点而不是根据自己的观点来推断。做这类题时一定要注意与短文内容一样的不是推断，而且一定要根据短文的观点而不是根据自己的观点来推断。对于听力部分，个人认为,你把前面年份的听力都听懂、摸熟了，等到的分数，基本就是你今年能拿的分数了。所以，每天花半个小时自测或者自测后晚上自己再听几遍，基本就不需要再花什么功夫了。如果真的需要，请注意如下几方面： 做题技巧：做完快速阅读离听力开始还有五分钟

38、，在这五分钟内老师会把你的答题卡1收上去，然后我们要做的就是浏览听力的所有选项。这段时间是充分发挥你记忆 力的时候，记住的选项越多越好。加了长对话和复合式听写之后听力时间变长了，很容易让人觉得疲惫，所以听力的时候一定要保持最佳状态。一、卷子发下来后快速的浏览一遍，包括题干和答案。这样会大大提高你对听力的理解知道它是讲什么内容，大概是怎么回事。这个时候不要去写考号什么的。尽管留到交卷时写好了。 二、没听懂的题目，就放弃它，千万不要听下道题的时候还在想上道题。这样会引起头脑里面的混乱。如果引起连锁反应那你的复习就全白费了。 三、相信第一感觉，听力部分不是非常确凿的感觉的话不要改动开始的答案。人的脑

39、袋有时候会混淆的。因此很多情况下不是你选错了，而是改错了。因此轻易别选，但是选了之后轻易别改。 四、赴考之作否。试音的时候把音量什么的调好就行了。其它的时间用来看卷子内容。四六级听力40条常考习语2) lost count 弄不清楚3) be in another world 精神恍惚；魂不守舍4) make yourself at home 随意，随便5) save your breath 省口气吧；别白费口舌了6) make sense 有意义，理解7) cost sb. an arm and a leg 非常昂贵8) burn a hole in ones pocket 很快地被花光9)

40、fill ones shoes 很好地顶替；令人满意地替代10)is ice cold 表示理所当然 11)like apples and oranges 用来表示无法相比的事物13)lose ones train of 忘记14)meet each other half way 相互妥协，让步15)on the dot 准时；正点16)once and for all 最后一次；干脆17)out of earshot 不在听力所及范围18)out of this world 非常好19)play by ear 随机应变，视情形而定20) ring a bell 令人想起某件事；听起来耳熟21

41、)share a common outlook 有共同的观点22)six of one and half-a-dozen of the other 半斤八两；没什么区别23)stick around 在附近逗留或等待24)stick with 继续做，坚持25)straighten out 扯平；结清26)toss and turn (身体)翻来覆去(通常表示难以入睡)27)turn ones back (在别人遇到困难时)不愿帮助28)under the weather 身体不适，生病29)bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂；心有余而力不足；不自量力；

42、力不从心30)break new ground 创新31)do the trick 做成功；达到理想的结果32)drag ones feet 行动缓慢；磨磨蹭蹭不情愿33)draw the line 拒绝，拒不容忍34)feel down in the dumps 心情不好；情绪低落35)few and far between 不多；少而分散的；不常碰到或发现的；稀少的36)fit as a fiddle 身体很健康37)grin and bear 任劳任怨；毫无怨言地忍受38)hit the spot (特指吃了食物，喝了饮料之后)精神完全恢复过来或感到满足；恢复精力；提精神39)keep between the two of us 不让第三者知道，保密40)know a thing or two about 略知一二英语四级听力考试常见“小词”As.;Since.;Because.;Now that;Considering.;Given.;For reason that.;The reason whyis.;Because of;Owing to.;On account of .; For the sake of; Due to; Result from; Than