高中英语必修四unit2-Working-the-land-语法-ing作主语和宾语(含习题答案)

1、BOOK4 Unit 2 Working the landThe ing form as the Subject and Object-ing形式作主语与宾语一、基本形式-ing形式主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done1. I hate talking with such people. 我讨厌与这样的人说话。2. He denied having taken any money from the cash register. 他否认从现金出纳机里拿了钱。3. I dont like being laughed at

2、in public. 在公共场合下，我不喜欢被别人嘲笑。4. I am very pleased at your having been honored with a medal. 我很高兴你能获得奖牌。【注意】：动名词的否定式：not + V-ingI regret not being able to help you. 我很抱歉不能帮助你。二、基本用法1作主语 1） 直接位于句首做主语 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。Working in these conditions is not

3、 a pleasure but a suffering. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。【注意】：单个的动词ing形式做主语时，谓语动词为单数 2）用 it 作形式主语，把-ing形式 (真实主语) 置于句尾作后置主语。It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真

4、难。It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。【注意】：It is + no use/no good/ a waste of time + v-ing It is useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/foolish/nice/ a pleasure + v-ing 3） 用于“There be”结构中。 There is no saying when hell come.很难说他何时回来。There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。There is no

5、 holding back the wheel of history. 历史的车轮不可阻挡。【注意】：常用句型：There is no + v.ing = It is impossible to do 在“There be”句型中，只能用动名词，而不能用不定式作主语。4） 用于布告形式的省略结构中。 No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). 禁止吸烟。 No parking. 禁止停车。2. 作宾语1）作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, suggest, allow, permi

6、t, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, postpone(推迟)，deny(否认), appreciate (欣赏，感激), escape, excuse, pardon, put off, give up等。Would you mind opening the window? 把窗户打开好吗？She suggested going to the Great Wall for the spring o

7、uting. 她建议去长城春游。Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 每当马克违反交通规则时，他常常企图逃避罚款的处分。 在下面这种结构中it作形式宾语时，后面的动词ing形式才是真正的宾语：find/think/consider + it（形式宾语） + no use/no good/useless + v.ing（真正宾语）.I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。Do you consid

8、er it any good trying again? 你认为再试一次有好处吗？2）作介词的宾语 能接动词-ing形式的有：think of/about, dream of/about, hear of, prevent/keep/stopfrom, depend on, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, be/get used to, devoteto, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to, be good at, do well in, be fon

9、d of, be interested in, be tired of, be afraid of, spend(in), feel like, preferto, instead of, in case of等。We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？Ann has been looking forward to coming to China for a lon

10、g time. 安好久以来就盼望着来中国。【注意】：在下面的结构中，介词in常可省略：（1）S + have + trouble/difficulty/problems/fun/a struggle/ a good time/a hard time + (in) +v.ing（2）S + spend time/money + (in) +V-ing（3）S + be busy + (in) +V-ingWe are busy (in) preparing for the coming sports meet. 我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。Do you have any difficul

11、ty (in) understanding spoken English? 要听懂英语口语你有困难吗？3）有些动词后既可以接动词-ing形式，也可以接动词不定式（1）在love, like, hate, prefer等动词后，如果表示一般倾向，多用V-ing做宾语；如指特定的或具体的某次行为，多用不定式作宾语。I like reading books in my spare time.I like to read that book.（2）在remember, forget, stop, try, regret, mean等词后，既可接不定式又可动词ing形式，但意义不同。a. remembe

12、r doing 记得做过某事 remember to do 记住去做某事d. try doing 试着做某事（看看会发生什么） try to do 努力（试图）做某事b. forget doing 忘记做过某事 forget to do 忘记去做某事e. regret doing 对已做过的事表示后悔 regret to do 对要做的是表示抱歉或遗憾c. stop doing 停止做某事 stop to do 停止正在做的事去干别的事f. mean doing 意味着 mean to do 打算做某事（3）permit, allow, advise, forbid等词后如果不接某人就用动名词

13、；如果后接某人做某事就用不定式作宾补。They allow smoking here. 他们允许在这里抽烟。The villagers didnt allow them to do this. 村民们不允许他们做这件事。（4）表示“需要”意思的want, need, require,等动词后以及值得表示“值得”意思的deserve，be worth后可用主动形式表示被动含义。The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。My watch needs repairing. = My watch needs to

14、be repaired.3. 复合结构带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 他来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。 (=That she came to help encouraged all of us.) Would you mind my/me using your computer? 用下你的电脑介意吗？三、巩固训练1.Ilike_verymuch,butIdontlike_thismorning.A.sw

15、imming,swimming B.toswim,toswimC.swimming,toswim D.toswim,swimming2.LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetaken B.totake C.beingtaken D.taking3.-“Didyouclosethedoor?”-“Yes,Iremember_it.”A.toclose B.toclosing C.closing D.closed4.Remember_thenewspaperwhenyouhavefinishedit.A.puttingback B.h

16、avingputback C.toputback D.willputback5.Linda doesnt feel like _ abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study6.Henryalwaysforgetsthingshehasdone.Yesterdayheforgot_andlookedforiteverywhere.A.toposttheletter B.tohavetheletterpostedC.tohavepostedtheletter D.havingpostedthele

17、tter7.Mybrotherregretted_alecturegivenbyProfessorLiu.A.missing B.tomiss C.missed D.beingmissed8.Iregret_youthatweareunabletoofferyouajob.A.informing B.havinginformed C.toinform D.toinforming9.Ifelttiredwithwalking,soIstopped_abreakforanhour.A.having B.tohave C.taking D.totaking10.Theteachertoldthest

18、udentstostop_tohim.A.towriteandlisten B.writingandlisteningC.towriteandlistening D.writingandtolisten11.- Our maths teacher wanted you to do your homework again. - I can just imagine him _that. A. say B. saying C. to say D. said12.Do you mind _ alone at home? A. Jane leaving B. Jane having left C. J

19、anes being left D. Jane to be left13.Hefinishedhishomework,thenhewenton_aletter.A.write B.writing C.with D.towrite14.Thegrasshasgrownsotallthatitneeds_.A.tocut B.tobecutit C.cutting D.beingcut15.The man caught hold of the side of the lifeboat and narrowly escaped_. A. to be drowned B. from drowning

20、C. being drowned D. from being drowned16.Youdidntneed_himthenews;itjustmadehimsad.A.telling B.tell C.totell D.thatyouwouldtell17.Theseyoungtreesrequire_carefully.A.lookingafter B.tolookafter C.tobelookedat D.lookingfor18.Thesentencewants_oncemore.A.toexplain B.explaining C.beingexplained D.tobeexpla

21、inedit19.Hehasntgotused_inthecountrysideyet.A.live B.tolive C.toliving D.living20.Averywell-knownperson_inthishouse.A.isusedtolive B.usedtoliveC.isusedtoliving D.usedtoliving21.Its no use _ me at the office this week because Im _. A. to ring, on my leave B. to ring, at leave C. ringing, in holidays

22、D. ringing, on holiday22._ the assignment made his father lose his temper.A. The boys not having done B. The boy not having doneC. The boys having not done D. The boy having not done23.Thepoliceforbid_here.A.park B.parking C.topark D.tobeparked24.Theheavyrainforbademe_toschool.A.frommycoming B.tocom

23、e C.come D.mycoming25.TomsparentsdonotallowTom_swimming.A.going B.togo C.go D.goes26.Sorry,wedontallow_inthelectureroom.A.tosmoke B.smoke C.smoking D.tosmoking27.Visitorsarenotpermitted_theparkafterdark,becauseofthelackoflighting.A.toenter B.entering C.toenterin D.enteringin28.- Why are they pulling

24、 down the houses? - _ a new parking lot.A. Build B. To build C. Building D. Built29.Missingthetrainmeans_foranhour.A.towait B.tobewaited C.beingwaited D.waiting30.Imeant_you,butIwassobusy.A.tocallon B.callingon C.tocallat D.callingat四请用下列单词或短语的适当形式填空。（有多余选项）satisfy, supply, lead, would rather , stru

25、ggle, whatever, confuse,work,rid,sunburn,prefer to,certainThere was an old goat that grew a lot of cabbages. He gathered in all his cabbages with the help of two rabbits. Then he gave each of them ten cabbages to express his thanks. But the goat got31when he found that one of them was very happy while the other was not that happy. So the goat asked him, “You are not32with this?”“No, no. Thank you very much for the cabbages. But if I have a choice I would33choose something else,” said the ra