高中英语Unit4Globalwarming单元质量评估新人教版.docx

单元质量评估(四)时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AThis assertion(断言) belongs to Albert Einstein that in life imagination is more important than knowledge.Another important thing that goes together with imagination and knowledge is intelligence.This contributes to our behaviour in society, to our integration(整合) in different groups of people and helps us manage in extreme situations of our life.First of all, imagination can be noticed mostly at intelligent persons.However, everybody has a certain degree of imagination, be it higher or slower.Consequently, each one of us uses his imagination in the every day life and contributes at making different inventions, some of them being very useful to the mankind.Here we can mention the inventions that men of science and not only have invented for the benefit of the developing of society: the bulb, the radio, the telephone, the steam, the Internet and so on.On the contrary, knowledge is important but only if people know how to apply it in different fields of activity.However, one has to be intelligent enough and have imagination in order to achieve his goals in life.According to all these, I believe that imagination undergoes knowledge, the latter needing learning and time in order to be achieved, whereas the former appears as the result of ones degree of intelligence.We can take the rapid development of the Japanese society as an example of both imagination and knowledge.People there are very intelligent and have known to take advantage of their knowledge to modernize their society.Therefore, theyve organized their market economy using the experiences of the west countries.The military navy and the parliamentary regime(议会政体) took over the English system and the American one in the field of education.Hence, all of these factors were put into functioning taking also into consideration the Japanese specific culture and traditions.If we were to conclude asking if Albert Einstein was right or not, we can only say that it all depends on whom we ask, what we ask about and when.But there is one thing that I am sure about, that is imagination is more important than knowledge.【语篇解读】文章论述了想象力比知识更重要的观点。1Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?AEverybody has the same degree of imaginationBThe rapid development of the japanese societyCImagination is more important than knowledgeDTips on how to learn from other countries解析：主旨大意题。本文为议论文，论述的观点为“想象力比知识更重要”。短文第一段第一句提出了论点“in life imagination is more important than knowledge”，文章用大量的篇幅加以论证这个论点，最后一段最后一句回扣主题，进一步总结作者的论点“that is imagination is more important than knowledge”。由此可以推断C项做文章标题合适。答案：C2We know from the passage that intelligence _Ais the major source of imagination and knowledge Bplays the most important role in ones achievement Chas nothing to do with imagination and knowledgeDcan help us deal with extreme situations of our life解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“This contributes to our behaviour in society, to our integration in different groups of people and helps us manage in extreme situations of our life.”可知选项D正确。A项短文没有提到；B项太绝对；根据第一段中的“Another important thing that goes together with imagination and knowledge is intelligence.”可排除C。答案：D3By giving the example of the rapid development of the Japanese society, the author _Aexplains the relationship between imagination and knowledgeBwants to tell us the importance of both imagination and knowledgeCintends to give some advice on how to modernize the societyDexpresses his own opinion on how to borrow ideas from others解析：推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“We can take the rapid development of the Japanese society as an example of both imagination and knowledge.”以及整段内容可以推测，作者以日本社会的快速发展作为例子说明日本人既发挥想象力同时又具备充分的知识，由此可以推测，作者想告诉我们的是想象力和知识的重要性。故B项正确。答案：BBI dont think I can recall a time when I wasnt aware of the beauty of the ocean.Growing up in Australia，I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side.The first time I went to Halfmoon Bay，I_suddenly_had_the_feeling_of_not_being_able_to_feel_the_ground_with_my_feet_anymore.For my 10th birthday，my sister and I were taken out to the Great Barrier Reef.There were fish in different colours，caves and layers of coral.They made such an impression on me.When I learned that only 1 percent of Australias Coral Sea was protected，I was shocked.Australian marine(海洋的)life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine(海洋的)species than any other country on earth.But sadly，only 45% of the worlds reefs are considered healthy.This statistic is depressing，so its important for us to do everything to protect them.The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete ecosystem has led me to take action.Ive become involved with the Protect Our Coral Sea activity，which aims to create the largest marine park in the world.It would serve as a place where the oceans species will all have a safe place forever.Together，Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be part of the movement.Angus also shares many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy，who grew up sailing，admiring the beauty of the ocean，and trying to find the secrets of ocean species.【语篇解读】本文旨在号召人们保护海洋生物。4From the underlined sentence in Para.1，we can learn the author _Aseldom went surfing at the seaBforgot his experiences about the oceanCnever went back to his hometownD.had a wonderful impression of Halfmoon Bay解析：推理判断题。根据“I dont think I can recall a time when I wasnt aware of the beauty of the ocean”和“I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side”可知，作者非常喜欢海洋，画线句意为“我突然有了一种不想再踏上陆地的感觉”，说明半月湾给作者留下了一个美好的印象。故选D。答案：D5According to the second paragraph，Australian marine life _Ais escaping from the Coral Sea graduallyBdepends on reefs for living greatlyCmay be faced with dangerDis protected better than that in other oceans解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Australian marine(海洋的)life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth.But sadly，only 45% of the worlds reefs are considered healthy”可推知，澳大利亚的海洋生物可能处在危险之中。故选C。答案：C6The Protect Our Coral Sea activity is intended to _Acontribute to a complete ecosystemBprevent more marine species being endangeredCset up a large nature reserve for reefsDraise more teenagers environmental awareness解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“which aims to create the largest marine park in the world.It would serve as a place where the oceans species will all have a safe place forever”可知，其目的是保护海洋生物免受危险。故选B。答案：B7Angus and the author create a little video to _Aurge more people to take action to protect the marine speciesBinspire more people to explore the secret of the oceanCshare their childhood experiences about the oceanDbring back to people their memory of ocean species解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，他们的目的是鼓励人们参与到保护海洋生物的行动中来。故选A。答案：ACAs a parent，you must be happy when seeing your kid studying just after dinner in the evening.But sometimes you may be worried because its a nightly predicament in many households: A student hits a wall doing homework，and parents are too tired or too busy to help.Ordering a tutor is becoming as easy for kids as having a latenight snack.With rapid growth in companies offering online tutoring，students can use a credit card to connect，sometimes in less than a minute，with a live tutor.Such services can be especially helpful to students with small budgets or little time or those in remote areas.Prices，ranging from about D|S24 to D|S45 an hour，are lower than what many skilled tutors charge in a students home.And parents and students say the quick homework fix can reduce stress and make evenings at home more peaceful.“The quality of online teacher support can be uneven(不稳定的)，and online tutors may not be the best for struggling students who need longterm help.Courses can break down due to technical problems，and language barriers (障碍) can cause problems on sites that rely on tutors from abroad，”says Michael Horn，executive director of education for the Clayton Christensen Institute.Most sites get the support of parttime or retired teachers，college professors or professionals with tutoring experience; most offer scheduled tutoring in addition to ondemand courses.The most common users are middle school students，and college students taking basic courses.Yamini Naidu，president of the National School Public Relations Association，says，“Students who come to courses with a list of questions or assignments to work onand who block out time to concentratebenefit most.Text chats occasionally stop，though，if students are distracted (分心) or start doing other tasks.Online tutors fill a huge gap that can never be filled by parents.”【语篇解读】许多家庭每天晚上都会遭遇这样的困境：家长无法辅导孩子做作业。在线家教或许能帮助解决这个问题。8What does the underlined word “predicament” in the first paragraph mean?ADifficulty. BTradition.CGame. DDiscussion.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“A student hits a wall doing homework，and parents are too tired or too busy to help.”可知，当学生在做作业遇到问题时，家长可能因为太累或者太忙而无法辅导孩子，这对于很多家庭来说都是一件困难的事。由此可猜测画线词的含义是“困难，困境”。答案：A9What do we learn from the second paragraph?AStudents can enjoy online tutoring conveniently.BOnline services are especially for college students.CStudents prefer online tutoring to a latenight snack.DOrdering an online tutor costs at least D|S45 per hour.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Ordering a tutor is becoming as easy for kids as having a latenight snack.”可知，订购在线家教跟吃夜宵一样容易，也就是说对于学生来说在线家教很便捷。答案：A10What does Michael Horn mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?AThe goals of online tutoring.BThe development of online tutoring.CThe problems of online tutoring.DThe functions of online tutoring.解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知，迈克尔认为在线家教存在师资质量、在线技术和语言障碍等方面的问题。由此可知第三段介绍的是在线家教目前遇到的问题。答案：C11According to the passage，online tutoring sites _Aare set up mainly by teachers or professorsBoffer more than one kind of coursesCare only about basic coursesDmainly help middle school students解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“.most offer scheduled tutoring in addition to ondemand courses.”可知，大多数在线家教都会根据学生的需要提供课程。由此可推知，在线家教会给学生提供多种课程。答案：BDDroughts(干旱) caused by global climate change have led to a drop in wheat production, a worldwide shortage and high food prices around the world.The global wheat supply is at its lowest point in 50 years, with only an estimated 10 weeks of supply left.This has been one factor pushing the prices of bread, beer and other wheatcontaining foods steadily higher.According to Hilton Dinner, a bakery owner from Edmonton, Canada, the price of flour has more than doubled over the past eight months.In 19 years of business, Dinner said, he has never seen prices rise like this.“Prices creep up seasonably，” he said.“They might go up 10 percent, then down 5 percent.They never go back to where they started, but they creep.This is not creeping, this is drastic.”Also to blame for the global wheat shortage is the rising population, coupled with increasing meat consumption worldwide.This has led to the increasing diversion of grain to animal feed.Analysts anticipate that the shortage may be resolved within 12 months, as farmers pull fallow land into wheat production.But even when the shortage resolves, food prices are only expected to keep climbing due to other factors, such as high energy and shipping costs.“Its not something thats going to go away，” Dinner said.“Food in general is going to go up.As wheat goes up, so does the price of eggs and chicken because they eat grainbased feed.It affects people who cant afford to pay more for their food.”Public health experts have expressed concern about the effect that rising food prices have on the poor.The United Nations recently reported that in 2007, the cost of food imports in the worlds neediest countries increased 24 percent, to a total of D|S107 billion.【语篇解读】气候变化引起干旱，干旱又引起小麦产量的下降，产量下降又引起小麦价格的上涨。12The indirect reason for a drop in wheat production is _Athe droughtBthe global climate changeCthe shipping costDthe rising population解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句内容可知答案。答案：B13According to the first paragraph, the prices of wheat products rise _Asuddenly Bgradually Cslowly Drapidly解析：细节判断题。根据第一段特别是“the price of flour has more than doubled over the past eight months.”可知，小麦产品的价格上涨非常快。答案：D14The wheat shortage may disappear if _Athe empty lands are used to plant wheatBthe shipping costs are falling downCchickens dont feed on wheat any moreDbeer isnt made from wheat any more解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Analysts anticipate that the shortage may be resolved within 12 months, as farmers pull fallow land into wheat production”可知答案。答案：A15The passage mainly tells us that _Apoor people cant afford foodBthe rising population leads to high food pricesCthe global climate change causes wheat shortageDfood prices are going to go down解析：主旨大意题。本文讲述的是因为气候的变化引起小麦的短缺。故C为文章的主旨大意。答案：C第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The writers blockWhatever it is you have to write，the idea of a blank pageor screencan be very discouraging.Here are a few easy tips to help you overcome your writers block.1Think before you write.Before you actually start，think about what you want to say，why you want to say it and who you are going to say it to.The most important question to ask is：what response do I want to get？_16_ It may be a memo(备忘录)at work.In that case，your main aim is that your reader will be able to get the most important information quickly.2Keep it short and to the point.Use short，simple sentences，written for maximum(最大的)effect.Make sure that everything you say is relevant to your main aim or message.If you cant，its probably because youre not really sure of exactly what you want to say._17_3Avoid repetition.You may feel that a point needs stressing，and that you therefore want to repeat it just to make sure it sinks in.Dont.Its much better to make sure you expressed yourself clearly and simply the first time round._18_4Choose your style carefully.This takes us back to the first point._19_ If you know them personally，then youll also know how best to write to them.Make sure your style reflects both your relationship with your reader and your attitude to what youre writing.If youre writing to an anonymous(不知姓名的)audience，keep your style neutral(中立的)Remember that first impressions are vital._20_ And of course，the wrong choice can do quite the opposite!【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章给出了一些写作方面的建议。ARemember your reader!BTry reading your text aloud to yourself.CItll make your text much easier to process.DAnd if you dont know，your readers definitely wont!EThe answer to that obviously depends on what youre writing.FThe right choice of words and tone can help you get off to a great start.GIf something really needs to be said again，at least find a different way to do so.16解析：E项中的that指代上文的问句“what response do I want to get？”你想要得到的回应取决于所写的是什么内容。答案：E17解析：D项与上文的“If you cant，its probably because youre not really sure of exactly what you want to say”相呼应。答案：D18解析：G项是对上文关于写作时应避免重复的建议的补充说明。答案：G19解析：第一点建议强调了写作时要注意写作对象是谁；且下文的them指读者。据此可推断，A项恰当。答案：A20解析：F项与下文的“And of course，the wrong choice can do quite the opposite！”相呼应。答案：F第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Karen，Judy and I were the last ones back in the school room after lunch and all of the other sixth graders were already playing outside.“Wow！How _21_ it would be to write on the blackboard while everyone is _22_，” Judy said.“But Mrs Eiffler doesnt want us writing on the _23_，”I responded.“Janet，everyone is outside.No one will ever _24_，”said Karen，reaching into the box and drawing out a piece of _25_Judy also began drawing.I reluctantly(不情愿地) _26_ my friends，but was afraid of being _27_Then Judy had an idea.“Were all righthanded.Lets see who can write their _28_ best using their left hand.”Judy and Karen started writing.I chose a piece of white chalk from the box and wrote my name.“Wed better get this board cleaned off _29_ Mrs Eiffler comes back，”said Judy，eyeing the clock.She picked up a(n) _30_ and began removing our names from the board._31_ came off，but my name!I _32_ looked at the white chalk I used and found it wasnt chalk at all，but a white crayon(蜡笔)！My knees felt _33_Hurriedly，we tried many ways，but my name still _34_At last，Karen got a knife and scraped it.It _35_ finally，but we left an abrasion(磨损处) on the blackboard.As the bell rang，the teacher walked in soon.Mrs Eiffler never asked about the abrasion and maybe never _36_ it.But I did.Every time I walked past the blackboard，I _37_Although over forty years have passed since the event，I _38_ remember the lesson.“No one will ever know” is never _39_Even if no one else found out，I myself knew.Sometimes living with a _40_ conscience is punishment enough.【语篇解读】做亏心事时不要以为别人不知道，因为即使别人不知道你也会遭到良心的谴责。21A.usefulBfunCstupid Dnecessary解析：当大家都在外面的时候在黑板上写字该是多么有趣的(fun)事啊！答案：B22A.asleep BinsideCoutside Dpresent解析：根据文章第一句中的“and all of the other sixth graders were already playing outside”可知，此处表示其他人都在外面(outside)。答案：C23A.blackboard BbookCdesk Dfloor解析：根据上文中的“write on the blackboard”可知，此处填blackboard。答案：A24A.exist BknowClaugh Drefuse解析：根据文章最后一段中的“No one will ever know”可知，此处填know。答案：B25A.cloth BwoodCpaper Dchalk解析：她们在黑板上写字，应该是抽出一支粉笔(chalk)。答案：D26A.invit