高二上选修六UnitLearningaboutlanguag.ppt

,选修 6,英语教学课件系列,Unit 5 The power of nature Learning about language,Discovering useful words and expressions 1 Replace the underlined parts with a word or phrase of similar meaning from the text. Rewrite the sentence if necessary.,We received the written set of questions from the company as they were eager to find out our opinion on their products.,the questionnaire,2. The car drew up next to the side of our car and the driver waved to us. 3. The scientists were studying carefully to see how successful the experiment is.,alongside,The scientists were evaluating the experiment,4. I moved carefully over the fallen rocks and returned to the car. 5. I think the boy is likely to achieve success in painting, but he needs training. 6. The teacher was given the job because he was the best candidate.,made my way,has potential,appointed,7. It is certain that the factory will greatly raise their efficiency if they have modern machines and tools. 8. Charles looked at the drawing that shows how the machine works and knew immediately what was wrong with it.,equipment,diagram,2 Complete the paragraph with the words in the box in the correct forms.,burn to the ground absolute volcano eruption wave fountain ash lava erupt,The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD took the people of Pompeii by surprise. They had always known that the mountain was a _ but it had been quiet for so long that nobody saw it as a threat. When the volcano finally did _,volcano,erupt,it was so quick and so severe that the town was soon covered in _ and _. A writer called Pliny, who was there during the _, described how lava was thrown into the air like a _. After it fell to earth, it turned into _ of lava which travelled down the mountain,ash,lava,eruption,fountain,waves,faster than people could run away. It was an _ disaster for those who could not escape in time. Many of the wooden houses and bungalows in Pompeii were _, but the stone houses remained under the ash until they were rediscovered during the 20th century.,absolute,burned to the ground,Revising the ing form,Grammar,本课时重、难点,重点: 动词-ing形式的作用 动词-ing形式在做状语时的作用 难点: 动词-ing形式的一般式与完成式的区别,说出下列动词的现在分词形式： Work _ sleep _ study _ take _ make _ dance _ cut _ put _ begin _ lie _ tie _ die _,观察下列例句, 思考划线部分作用。 (1) This is an interesting book. ( ) (2) The man sitting by the window is our maths teacher. ( ) (3) Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. ( ) (4) I saw the boy walking on the street yesterday. ( ) (5) Playing football is his favotire sport. ( ) (6) I didnt stop working last night. ( ) (7) My work is teaching English. ( ),定语,定语,状语,宾补,主语,宾语,表语,归纳总结： 动词-ing是 _ 中的一种， 单独使用时, 能在句中做除_ 之外的任何其他句子成分。如: 主语、 宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。 在语态上，动词-ing表示 _ (主动/被动的动作)。 在时间上, 动词-ing一般表示 _ (正在进行/已经完成)的动作。,动词非谓语形式,谓语,主动,正在进行,Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.,Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.,The ing form used as an adverbial:,一、动词-ing形式作状语,二、动词 ing形式的完成式,例句： (Having been) written in haste, the book has some faults. 这本书因仓促写成, 所以有些缺憾。,观察下列2个句子, 体会having done与 doing的不同用法: 1) Having written the letter, John went to the post office. 2) Seeing the beautiful sight, the children felt excited. 总结:,V-ing,doing,having done,表动作有先有后,表动作同时发生,一般式,完成式,Exercise 1: 1) _ the child to bed, she began to correct the students homework. A. Sending B. Being sent C. Sent D. Having sent 2) Be careful when/while _ (cross) the street. 3) _ (听到这个消息), we got excited.,crossing,Hearing the news,D,举一反三 : ,V-ing,doing,having done,一般式,完成式,being done,having been done,主动,被动,Exercise 2: 1) 她被蛇咬了三次后, 她看见蛇后就害怕。 _ _ _ 2) 正在进行的那个会议非常重要。 _ _,Having been bitten by the snake for three times, she feels frightened,The meeting being hold now is of great importance.,when seeing the snake.,1) _ him the answer several times, I didnt know whether he could understand. 2) _ the answer several times, he still couldnt solve the problem.,Having told,Having been told,Exercise 3: 用having been told /having told填空：,主动,被动,归纳,主句主语为动作的发出者。,主句主语为动作的承受者。,1. 分词 (短语) 作状语时, 其逻辑主语 必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致, 必须用独立主格结构来表示, 也就是在 分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。,三、使用- ing形式需注意的几个问题,Comparing all the great people with each other, youll find that they have much in common. Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help. The train having gone, we had to wait another day.,分析:前两例中, -ing形式的逻辑主语均为 主句的主语。最后一例中having gone的 逻辑主语是 the train。,My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didnt want the children to play together. 我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间, 解释她 为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。 分析: 现在分词explaining是句子主语 my wife做的动作，它们之间是主动关系， 即explaining的逻辑主语，就是句子的 主语my wife。,一般来说, -ing形式表示主动、进行; 过去分词表 示被动、完成。试比较: The enemy fled in a panic, leaving behind a lot of dead bodies and weapons. Defeated and frightened, the enemy fled in a panic.,2. 与过去分词作状语的区别,分析: 前一例中的-ing形式短语在句子中作伴随状语, 它与其逻辑主语the enemy之间为主动关系; 后一句 中的过去分词defeated和frightened表原因, 它与其 逻辑主语the enemy之间为被动关系。,3. 分词短语做状语时, 前面可以加上连词 或介词, 但是分词短语和句子之间不能用 并列连词(如but, and), 因为并列连词接的 是两个并列成分, 而分词短语只是全句 的一个状语部分, 分词和主句之间可用 逗号。,When seeing from the top of the hill, you can enjoy the whole beauty of this city.,误: Having been told many times, but he still couldnt understand it. 正: He was told many times, but he still couldnt understand it. 或 Having been told many times, he still couldnt understand it.,4. -ing的一般式和完成式现在分词都 可以表示先后接连发生的动作。 在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式 现在分词表示先发生的动作。如:,Having brushed his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast. 布朗先生刷过牙, 就下楼来吃早饭。 (此句如写成: Brushing his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast. 可能指 “边刷牙, 边下楼),Coming into the room, he put down his bag. (=He came into the room and put down his bag.) 他走进房间, 放下提包。,Opening the drawer, he took out his wallet. (=He opened the drawer and took out his wallet.) 他打开抽屉, 拿出钱包。,Not fearing the fire, the child touched and got a finger burnt. 小孩儿不知道 怕火, 用手去摸, 把手指烫了。 Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知怎样找到地铁, 就去找警察帮忙。,5. 分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面 加上 not, never等否定词构成。如:,高考链接 1. (2004广东) _ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed,C,2. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the healthy and relaxation benefits. (2005上海) A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken,A,3. _ carefully, the patient left the hospital. A. Having examined B. Being examined C. Examining D. Having been examined 4. _ many times, but he still couldnt understand it. A. Having been told B. Though he had been told C. He was told D. Having told,D,A,1. “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ away. (2005全国) A. run B. running C. to run D. ran,例题解析,B,解析: 答案B。running away在此作shouted的伴随状语, 由Janet发出这 一动作。,2. The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area. (2005全国) A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused,D,解析: 答案D。题意: 暴雨过去了, 只留下给这一地区造成的巨大损害。由上下文逻辑意义看, 此处应表示自然而然的结果, 故用现在分词作结果状语。,3. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (2004北京) A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited,C,解析: 答案C。此处为现在分词的完成式作时间状语, 表明该动作发生在realized之前。,4. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffered C. To suffer D. Suffered,A,解析: 答案A。由already提示, 分词动作发生在谓语之前, 故须用分词的完成式。,5. The secretary worked all night long, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing,B,解析: 答案B。非谓语动词充当伴随 状语, 与主语the secretary是主动关系, 因此用v.-ing形式。,每空填一词, 使该句与所给句子的 意思相同。 1. Because he was ill, he didnt go to school. _ _, he didnt go to school. 2. When she was walking along the street one day, she met an old friend of hers. _ _ the street one day, she met an old friend of hers.,Being ill,Walking along,3. If it is sunny, well go for a picnic tomorrow. _ _ _, well go for a picnic tomorrow. 4. After she had finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV. _ _ her homework, the little girl began to watch TV. 5. Because they had been warned by the teacher, they didnt make such mistakes. _ _ _ by the teacher, they didnt make such mistakes.,It being sunny,Having finished,Having been warned,6. As it was a holiday, all the shops were shut. _ _ _ _, all the shops were shut. 7. If I had been given a longer time, I could have done it better than planned. _ _ _ a longer time, I could have done it better than planned. 8. After I got home, I found my books missing. _ _ _, I found my books missing.,Having got home,Having been given,It being a holiday,9. When he was still a small boy, he went to France with his father. _ _ _ _, he went to France with his father. 10. When autumn comes, swallows go to the south. _ _, swallows go to the south.,Being,a,small,boy,Autumn coming,. 将每组中的两个句子组合成一个拥有 动词-ing形式的句子。 1. Alice saw a volcano erupting in the morning. She felt excited and couldnt fall asleep at night.,Having seen a volcano eruption in the morning, Alice felt excited and couldnt fall asleep at night.,2. I knew