写作中的语法

1、关于写作中的语法现在学习的是第一页，共31页名词性从句（一）名词性从句（一）1.简述故事情节，揭示寓意道理。简述故事情节，揭示寓意道理。语言观察语言观察：1)Through an example of a disabled boy, we learn that one will finally succeed if he acquires the quality of persistence.2)The passage tells us that despite obstacles and failures, many people with their distinct qualities

2、were able to overcome difficulty and eventually realized their goals and achieved success.Q:文段中用的是什么从句文段中用的是什么从句?在作文的哪个部分常会用到在作文的哪个部分常会用到?现在学习的是第二页，共31页2.引出观点引出观点语言观察：语言观察：1) I fully agree that trivial(琐碎的琐碎的)things play an important part in our life.2) Many students still prefer to go to university

3、 as they believe the environment of the university is very important for an individuals development and that graduates from key university are more likely to find a job.3.事实现象描写事实现象描写语言观察语言观察:A latest survey shows that the health of Chinese youngsters has greatly declined.现在学习的是第三页，共31页宾语从句：转述故事情节，揭

4、示寓意道理，引宾语从句：转述故事情节，揭示寓意道理，引出观点态度，交代事实现象，概括归纳总结。出观点态度，交代事实现象，概括归纳总结。4. 归纳、倡议、号召、总结归纳、倡议、号召、总结语言观察：语言观察：1) Anyway, I wont choose to study abroad because I think that as long as I work hard, I will achieve success wherever I am.2) We do hope that more and more characters like him will come out and insp

5、ire us in our life.现在学习的是第四页，共31页名词性从句（二）名词性从句（二）主语从句主语从句& 表语从句表语从句1.what2.“It”结构结构3.主表一体句主表一体句 What is that/how/when4.The reason why is that Whoever 与与 those who现在学习的是第五页，共31页名词性从句的名词性从句的标志词标志词what语言观察语言观察：1)However, the high cost of studying abroad is more than what ordinary families can afford.2)

6、Another significant quality for a popular person is to remember what is important to a certain person and what he is concerned about.3)The story discusses what makes one person different from others even if they are in the same situation.实战演练：实战演练：1._(我在课本上学到的我在课本上学到的) is not practical at all.2.As t

7、o _(什么造成如此大的损失什么造成如此大的损失)， it is still a puzzle.3.I am curious about _(接下来会发生什么事接下来会发生什么事情情).What I learned from the text bookwhat caused such great damagewhat will happen next现在学习的是第六页，共31页It 句型句型It is + clear/obvious/evident that +It is important/necessary/strangethat sb. (should) do sth.It is + a

8、 pity/shame thatIt is said/reported/expected/suggested that +It happens/seems/appears/doesnt matter whether/+It is beyond doubt /out of question that + (毫无毫无疑问疑问)现在学习的是第七页，共31页语言观察：语言观察：1.It is evident that to be a likeable person, one needs to show understanding and interest towards others.2. It is

9、 still believed that handwritten letters are irreplaceable.3. It is important that all the citizens (should) know the importance of rubbish classification.4. It is a pleasure that I can have a good friend as Li.5. It goes without saying that diligence is more important than intelligence in ones succ

10、ess.现在学习的是第八页，共31页实战演练：实战演练：1._(让让老师感到很生气老师感到很生气) he was late for school again.2._(希望希望) the project can be completed before the storm comes.3._(是一是一个坏习惯个坏习惯) you are always late for the lecture.It annoyed the teacher thatIts hoped thatIts a bad habit that现在学习的是第九页，共31页主表一体句主表一体句语言观察语言观察：1) what tro

11、ubles me most is that he keeps making noises when doing homework.2) What worried me most was that I found it difficult for me to remember new words.实战演练：实战演练：1._(我要建议我要建议的是的是) we should put up some signs to warn people of the potential danger.2. _(真正真正重要的是重要的是) how we can make full use of the limite

12、d time.What Id like to suggest is thatWhat really matters is现在学习的是第十页，共31页Whoever + 单数单数= those who+ 复数复数Suchas实战演练：实战演练：1._(违反校违反校规的人规的人) deserves to be punished.2._(尊重别人的人尊重别人的人) are to be respected.3._(那些那些违背社会公德的人违背社会公德的人) should be criticized.moralityWhoever breaks school regulationsThose who r

13、espect othersSuch people as disobey public morality现在学习的是第十一页，共31页名词性从句（三）名词性从句（三）语言观察：语言观察：1)From the above discussion, I can safely draw a conclusion that success comes to anyone.2)However, 15% of them dont know whom to tell, for the reason that they arent willing to share their inner thoughts.结论得

14、出结论得出:现在学习的是第十二页，共31页定语从句定语从句1.as2.which3.who/whom4.when/where/why/whose现在学习的是第十三页，共31页as置于句首或句中，引起非限制性定语从句，先行词为前置于句首或句中，引起非限制性定语从句，先行词为前（后）面的整个句子，往往有（后）面的整个句子，往往有“正如，正像正如，正像”的意思。的意思。适用于：适用于：图表说明类文章、谚语俗语及其它的事实性内图表说明类文章、谚语俗语及其它的事实性内容的引入容的引入。实战演练：实战演练：1._(正如俗语所云正如俗语所云), “God help those who help themse

15、lves.”2._(正如所预料的那样正如所预料的那样)，I improved my English so much that I even won the first prize in the English Oral Contest of my school.3._(如数据所显示如数据所显示), “parents” ranks second for the girls but fourth for the boys.As the saying goesAs was expectedAs the data shows现在学习的是第十四页，共31页4. _(众所周知众所周知), honesty

16、is the pillar(核心核心)of a society.As we all know现在学习的是第十五页，共31页Which语言观察：语言观察：1)The book which was written by him is very interesting.2)The picture which is hanging on the wall is painted by Tom.3)We discussed the video which was on language teaching.思考：这些句子还有其他的表达形式吗？你认为哪思考：这些句子还有其他的表达形式吗？你认为哪种形式更好一些

17、？种形式更好一些？现在学习的是第十六页，共31页Which 引导的非限制性定语从句（一）引导的非限制性定语从句（一）适用于：适用于：对前面句子所引起的结果进行表述。对前面句子所引起的结果进行表述。语言观察语言观察：1)Every day I needed to wash about 1,000 items of clothing, which was really boring and tiresome.2)Film tickets are getting more and more expensive, which turns many potential audience away.实战演

18、练：实战演练：1.Recently, my English teacher, Mr. Smith is chosen as an Excellent Foreign Teacher in our city, _(这使我们所有的人都很高这使我们所有的人都很高兴兴)。2.Some advertisements do not give much information but only try to persuade people to buy, _(由此增加了由此增加了) the cost on goods.which pleased all of usWhich adds to /increas

19、es现在学习的是第十七页，共31页 Which引导的非限制性定语从句（二）引导的非限制性定语从句（二）适用于：与前文先行词形成适用于：与前文先行词形成整体与部分整体与部分、方位对比方位对比等关系等关系由由some/all/none/most 介词介词短语或其他名词等短语或其他名词等+which构成构成，多用于说明文，记叙文。，多用于说明文，记叙文。语言观察语言观察：I have a lot of books, most of which are in English.实战演练：实战演练：1.I have a lot of habits, _(其中其中) the worst one is tha

20、t I often find excuses to cover my mistakes.2.There is a library in the southern corner of our school, _(在它后面在它后面) is a swimming pool.among/of whichbehind which现在学习的是第十八页，共31页3.During the “ earth hour”, people in Sydney will have a one-hour blackout activity throughout the city, _(这个活动的目的这个活动的目的) is

21、 to make people aware of energy saving better.4.A big fire broke out last night, _(以至于以至于) a lot of houses were burned to the ground.the purpose/aim of whichas a consequence of which/so that现在学习的是第十九页，共31页 Who/whom语言观察语言观察：1)Mr. Wang, who is an excellent teacher in our school, has won the great hono

22、r as one of the “10 Excellent Teachers” in our school.2)The girl who is standing under the tree is my sister.思考思考：这些句子还有其他的表达形式吗？你认为：这些句子还有其他的表达形式吗？你认为哪种形式更好一些？哪种形式更好一些？现在学习的是第二十页，共31页Who用于用于summary 当中，以故事中人物作为先行词以此作为当中，以故事中人物作为先行词以此作为切入点，切入点，概括其所作所为概括其所作所为，从而交代整个故事情节。，从而交代整个故事情节。语言观察语言观察：1)The arti

23、cle told us a story of a student who had thrown away his years of hard work, great academic achievements and a promising future just for some short-term benefits.2)The passage introduced to us a writer who suffered a lot in his childhood but persevered in the schooling with the help of kind people a

24、nd finally achieved his dream.(It tells us the importance of)现在学习的是第二十一页，共31页实战演练：实战演练：1.Soon after the flood, a great number of soldiers were sent to help the rescue, _ _(他们不但给城市带来了水和食物他们不但给城市带来了水和食物), but also built shelters for survivors.2.About 1,000 people were involved in the survey, _(他们当中大多数

25、他们当中大多数) think the local government should be responsible for this accident.who not only brought drinking water and food to the citythe majority of whom现在学习的是第二十二页，共31页 When/where/why/whose常用搭配常用搭配:There was a time when Gone are the days when stage/situation/point/life/activity/whereThe reason whyWh

26、en/where/why=介词介词+whichWhose = of which the = the of whichSuch/the same/soas the way that/in which/ 实战演练实战演练:1.There was a time _ computer games. (我沉溺于玩电脑游戏我沉溺于玩电脑游戏)when I was addicted to playing 文中要求举例叙述时文中要求举例叙述时现在学习的是第二十三页，共31页2.Now I am in a situation _ _ (我不知道如何提高我的我不知道如何提高我的英语成绩英语成绩)3.He refu

27、sed to tell me the reason _(他为何迟到他为何迟到)4.This is my life, _(在这里在这里) I have found peace and beauty. where I dont know howto improve my Englishwhy/for which he was latewhere/in which现在学习的是第二十四页，共31页定语从句与名词性从句之间的转换定语从句与名词性从句之间的转换I dont know where he is from.I have no idea where he is from.I dont doubt

28、that the exam will be hard.There is no doubt that the exam will be hard.We can conclude from the article that We can draw a conclusion from the article that I will tell you what I know.I will tell you all/anything (that) I know.现在学习的是第二十五页，共31页定语从句与名词性从句之间的转换定语从句与名词性从句之间的转换It is known to all that he

29、 is a good man.As we all know, he is a good man.What we all know is that he is a good man.We all know that he is a good man.That he is a good man is known to all.Whoever breaks the law is to be punished.Those who break the law are to be punished.Such people as break the law are to be punished.现在学习的是第二十