基于UC3842芯片的开关电源设计【说明书论文开题报告外文翻译】
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译文题目： Switching Power Supply 开关电源 Switching Power Supply1. Designing Backgrounds1) AC stabilified-voltage power AC stabilized voltage supply output AC power and DC regulated power supply DC power. According to the power supply components and load method of classification, it can be divided into two types: parallel regulated power supply and series regulated power supply. Adjusting element and load parallel connection can be called parallel power supply, it can adapt the input voltage changes and the load current changes to maintain the stability of the output voltage by changing the adjustment element current. Paralleling power supply is inefficiency, it can only be used in certain special occasions. Adjustment elements in series with load power supply can be called series power supply, adjustment components cascade between the input and output and output voltage maintain constant depended on adjusting the equivalent resistance of the element.Current power market and power quality has big changes compared with the 80s of the last century, now there are two problems in AC regulated power market and power quality: the first is the increasingly severe low price competition; the second is that the power supply (frequency, waveform and voltage) becomes worse. The main reason is the widely used power electronic devices and the power imbalance between increased machines of the electric power generation group, this makes power quality become poorer and impact on the electrical equipment.2) Chemical power sourcesChemical power sources is a device that can directly convert chemical energy into low voltage direct current, this device is actually a small direct current generator or power converters. In the modernization of the national economy in all sectors use a variety of chemical power sources, power has become an important component in the national economy, which is determined by the chemical characteristics of the power supply. Chemical power supply has the following features: easy to carry; easy to use; the battery capacity, current and voltage in quite a change; It can be made into any shape and size and it can withstand environmental tests (such as shock, vibration, rotation, high and low temperature, and so on) and assure the power output and have high efficiency, noise-free. For power has many advantages, it is widely used in industry, agriculture, transportation, communications, cultural and educational aspects.With the development of information technology, electronic products are changing every day, high-energy chemical power became motive power of electronic products, electronic technology and mobile communications promoted the battery industry and technology high-speed development, hydrogen storage alloy battery, lithium ion and other new battery became constantly commercial, at the same time the development of electro-car promotes breakthrough progress of various battery technology; more and more new battery series; thus, chemical power is an old and young science.3) Linear power supplyAt first the linear power supply cut an alternating voltage amplitude through transformer, and then get the pulse direct current by rectifier circuit, at last get direct voltage with tiny ripple by smoothing. To achieve high precision DC voltage, voltage must pass voltage-stabilizing regulator.Relative to digital circuit, linear power supply can also be called analog power supply, because it is an energy-consuming component passed series-wound or parallel in the load circuit, regulated process is realized by the energy consumption, so energy is inevitable. Despite this type of power supply has the disadvantage of energy consumption, it has good voltage stabilizing effect and low interference so that switching power supply still cant replace in many circuits. Linear power supply products can be widely used in scientific research, universities, laboratories, industrial and mining enterprises, electrolysis, electroplating, charging equipment and so on.4) AC/DC switching power supplyHigh Power AC/DC switching power supply is widely used in industrial production, transport and communications areas. With the rapid development of Chinese economy, the energy crisis and environmental protection has become increasingly prominent. Electric vehicle with its advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection will be the focus of future transport development and supporting charging stations will provide a vast market for high-power switching power supply development. Moreover switching power supply can be used in aircraft, tanks and other large ground auxiliary power supply device for engine starting, ongoing training and maintenance of power supply, it can save a lot of training costs and reduce of the security staff.5) DC/DC switching power supplyHigh voltage DC power supply system has characteristics of light weight grid, easy to realize uninterrupted power supply and has a good prospect. In recent years, it becomes the focus of research. PWM full-bridge converter transformers use leakage Inductance and the capacitance of the switches to realize the switch of a zero-voltage-switching, this is widely used in high power applications.6) Communication power supplyCommunication power supply system is the heart of communication systems, stable and reliable communications power supply system is the key to ensure the safe and reliable operation of communication systems. Once the communications power supply systems problem causing the interruption of power supply, communications devices cannot run, it will cause interruption of communication circuits and communication systems, it will cause substantial economic loss and social benefits. Therefor communication power supply system occupy a very important position in the communications system.For purposes of communication power supply, buyers are not limited to telecommunications carriers and this huge market of telecommunications equipment manufacturers. Power cannot be ignored not only for provision of telecommunications services operator, but also for equipment research and development, processing and assembly manufacturers. China is the world famous manufacture base, which also created a strong market for power products, which will have no doubt helping the communication power industries through the winter market. Cell phone battery is an important part of communication power supply and phone market boom wave after wave in recent years. If communication power supply can adjust its policy, perhaps it can also benefit in the field of mobile phone batteries. Communication power supply is a power to provide communications equipment for telecommunication power supply DC and AC electric energy, it has an important position in the whole communications network. Although electric power communication network developed with rapid advances in the momentum in recent years, it takes many new problems to the industry. With the progress of modern science and technology, power equipment is in the upgrading and coexistence of old and new.7) Radio power supplyWith the development of radio and television broadcasting, non-liner-edit net and the hard disk broadcast system was most widely used in radio and television broadcasting system and realized non-liner-edit net and the hard disk broadcast system integration, equipment is increasing. These devices require power to have a certain degree of stability as voltage within the rated range, power cannot be regular suddenly lose power. Otherwise it is very easy to damage the equipment.8) Power supply modulePower supply module can be directly mounted on the power supply of the printed circuit board. The characteristic is it can supply power to application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), microprocessor, memory, field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and other digital or analog load. Generally speaking, this kind of modules called point of load (POL) power supply system or point of use power supply system (PUPS). Due to the modular structure has many advantages, so the power supply modules are widely used in automotive electronics, aerospace and communications fields such as switching equipment, access equipment, mobile communications equipment, microwave communications and optical, routers etc.Compared with discrete component power, module power has obvious advantages. Using a power supply module can design more flexible, efficient, reliable and competitive power system in a short time. Power electronic system integration is an important topic in todays power electronics research and leads power electronics technology developing toward the integration, standardization and modularization. The studies of highly integrated standard modules technical are an important component of power electronic system integration work and it is also a key factor for promoting power electronic system integration.9) Special power supplySpecial power supply is a special kind of power. The main reason of special is the difference between the technical indicator for measuring power requirements and regular power supply such as special high output voltage, particularly large output current or particularly high requirement of ripple, stability and dynamic response or require a power supply output pulsed voltage or current or a number of other requirements. This made it more special and even more stringent requirements than normal power supply when design and product such power supply.Special power supplies are generally designed for special load or special occasions. It is widely used in electrolytic plating, anodizing, induction heating, medical equipment, power, power test, dedusting, air purification, food sterilization, laser and infrared and electro-optical display. In the defense and military, special power cannot be substituted by regular power use, mainly in radar-guided, high energy physics, plasma physics and nuclear technology research.2. The Goal for DesignMany contemporary high-tech is concerned with the voltage, current, frequency, waveform and phase transformation of basic technical parameters and control. Power technology can take precise control of these parameters, and process efficient therefore, power technology not only is a high-tech, but also many other high-tech development. Power technology and the industrys further development will bring significant savings in electricity, reduce material consumption, as well as provide important means to improve production efficiency, and bring impact on modern life to the production of modern and far-reaching.UC3842 is an excellent current-controlled pulse width modulator. UC3842 can control direct drive MOS, IGBT, etc., suitable for the production of 2080W low-power switching supply. As the device is cleverly designed, launched by the main power supply voltage directly to form circuit components required for a small, very consistent with circuit design, simplicity first principle.Based on the current UC3842 PWM Switching regulated power supply, overcomes the voltage-controlled pulse width modulation switching power supply frequency response slow, low voltage regulation load regulation, has circuit of simple structure, low cost, small size and easy to be realized. The power supply is the practical and ideal power supply and has a great future.开关电源1.设计背景1) 交流稳压电源交流稳压电源输出交流电，而直流稳压电源输出直流电。按稳压电源的调整元件与负载的联接方式来分类，可以分为并联稳压电源和串联稳压电源两种。调整元件与负载并联的叫并联稳压电源，它通过改变流过调整元件的电流的多少来适应输入电网电压的变化及负载电流的变化，以保持输出电压的稳定。并联稳压电源效率较低，只在某些专用场合使用。调整元件与负载串联的稳压电源叫做串联稳压电源，稳压电源中，调整元件串联在输入端和输出端之间，输出电压依靠调整元件改变自身的等效电阻来维持恒定。当前的电源市场和供电质量与上世纪 80 年代相比已起了很大的变化，目前交流稳压电源市场和供电质量主要有二个问题：一是低价位竞争越来越严重：二是供电质量( 频率、波形、电压)变差。主要原因是电力电子设备的广泛使用及由于电力供需矛盾自备发电组机增加，使电网供电质量变差，对用电设备造成影响。2) 化学电源化学电源是一种直接把化学能转变成低压直流电能的装置，这种装置实际上是一个小的直流发电器或能量转换器。在现代化的国民经济的各个部门中使用着各种各样的化学电源，化学电源已经成为国民经济中不可缺少的一个重要组成部分，这是由化学电源的特点所决定的。化学电源具有以下特点：便于携带、使用简便；电池的容量、电流、电压可以在相当的范围内变动；可以制成任意的形状和大小；能经受各种环境的考验(如冲击、振动、旋转、高低温等)而保证电能的正常输出；能换效率高，无噪声。正因为化学电源有众多的优点，因此在工业、农业、交通运输业、通讯、文化教育等方面被广泛使用。 随着信息技术的发展，电子产品日新月异，高能化学电源成为电子产品的原动力，电子技术与移动通信推动了电池产业与技术的高速发展，储氢合金电池，锂离子等新型电池不断商业化，同时电动车的发展促进各种电池技术的突破性进展；新电池系列越来越多；因而，化学电源是一门古老而年轻的科学。3) 线性电源线性电源是先将交流电经过变压器降低电压幅值，再经过整流电路整流后，得到脉冲直流电，后经滤波得到带有微小波纹电压的直流电压。要达到高精度的直流电压，必须经过稳压电路进行稳压。线性稳压电源相对于现在的数字电路，也可称其为模拟稳压电源，由于它是通过串联或并联于负载电路中的耗能元器件，其稳压过程是通过耗能的大小来实现的；因此，耗能是不可避免的。尽管这类电源有耗能的缺点，但由于它稳压效果好，干扰小，而在很多电路中开关电源一时还无法取代它。 线性电源产品可广泛应用于科研、大专院校、实验室、工矿企业、电解、电镀、充电设备等。4) AC/DC 开关电源大功率 AC/DC 开关电源目前多应用于工业生产、交通和通信等领域，随着我国经济的快速发展，能源危机和环境保护问题的日益凸显，电动汽车以其节能环保的优势将是今后交通工具发展的重点，因此其配套充电站的建设将为大功率开关电源发展提供广阔的市场。此外大功率开关电源可用于飞机、战车等大型装置的地面辅助供电，用于发动机启动、日常训练和检修供电等，从而节约大量训练经费和精简保障人员。5) DC/DC 开关电源高压直流电源系统具有电网重量轻、易实现不中断供电等特点,有着良好的应用前景,近年来成为研究的热点。PWM 全桥变换器利用变压器的漏感和开关管的结电容可以实现开关管的零电压开关,在中大功率的场合应用广泛。6) 通信电源通信电源系统是通信系统的心脏，稳定可靠的通信电源供电系统，是保证通信系统安全、可靠运行的关键，一旦通信电源系统故障引起对通信设备的供电中断，通信设备就无法运行，就会造成通信电路中断、通信系统瘫痪，从而造成极大的经济和社会效益损失。因此，通信电源系统在通信系统中占据十分重要的位置。对于通信电源而言，买家并不仅限于电信运营商，还有电信设备制造商这个庞大的市场。动力无论是对提供电信服务的运营商，还是对设备研究开发、加工装配的制造企业都是不可忽视的。中国是世界有名的制造基地，这也客观上
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