2017版高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 模块知识 unit 1-5新人教版必修3_3

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 话题 科学技术 假 设 你将参加某英 语杂 志社开展的一次征文 活 动 ，征文的内容要求你在 电视 、手机 (cell)和 网 络 三者中，放弃其中一个并 陈 述理由。 请 你 以 “Which would you give up: TV, cell, or Web ？ ”为题 ，写一篇英 语 短文。 话题词汇 1 update vt.更新；使 现 代化 2 artificial adj.人造的 3 intelligent adj.智能的 4 negative effect 负 面影响 5 scientific breakthrough 科学突破 6 potential ability 潜能 话题佳句 1 No invention has received more praise and abuse than the Internet. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多 的赞扬和批评。 2 Its believed that computer skills will help people enhance job or promotion chances. 大家都 认为计 算机技 术 可以帮助人 们获 得更 多工作或提升机会。 3 We will spare no efforts to catch up with the advanced world levels. 我 们 将努力赶上世界先 进 水平。 .单词速忆 1 _vt.&n拉 (力 )；拖； 牵 引力 2 _vi.&vt.(使 )浮 动 ； (使 )漂浮 n 漂浮物 3 _n学 说 ；理 论 4 _n系 统 ；体系；制度 5 _n大气 层 ；气氛 pull float theory system atmosphere 6 _adv.因此；于是 7 _vt.&vi.(使 )迷惑； (使 )为难 n. 谜 ； 难题 _ adj.迷惑不解的 8 _vi.存在；生存 _n存在；生存；生活 (方式 ) 9 _n生物学 _ n生物学家 thus puzzle puzzled exist existence biology biologist 10 _n物理学家 _ n物理学 _ adj.物理的；物理学的 11 _n宗教；宗教信仰 _ adj.宗教的；虔 诚 的 12 _adj.有害的 _ n &vt.伤 害； 损 害；危害 _ adj.无害的 physicist physics physical religion religious harmful harm harmless 13 _adj.猛烈的；激烈的； 强 暴的 _adv.强 烈地；猛烈地；激烈地 _n暴力；暴力行 为 14 _ prep.与 不同；不像 _(反 义词 ) prep.像 _v &n.不喜 欢 violent violently violence unlike like dislike .短语快译 1 _阻止；制止 2 _爆 发 ；突 发 3 _下蛋 4 _感到高 兴 ；感到振 奋 5 _密切注 视 ；当心；提 防 preventfrom break out lay eggs cheer up watch out 6 _产 生；分娩 7 _挡 住 (光 线 ) 8 _太阳系 9 _及 时 ； 终 于 10 _轮 到某人；接着 11 _既然 give birth to block out solar system in time in ones turn now that .句式仿写 1 The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.(so that ) 仿写： 我的英语非常好，被选为英语老师的 助手。 (2015陕西 ) My English is _ I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. 【 答案 】 so good that 2 This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.(make it possible for sb./sth.to do) 仿写： 从这个故事中，我明白了勤奋能使我 们克服巨大困难的道理。 (2015福建 ) From the story, I have learned a lesson that hard work _ great difficulties. 【 答案 】 makes it possible for us to overcome 3 I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.(倍数表达法 ) 仿写： 这条河流是那条河流的三倍长。 This river is _ that one. 【 答案 】 three times as long as 4 Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.(now that引 导 原因状 语 从句 ) 仿写：期终考试结束了，孩子们看上去都很 轻松愉快。 The children looked lighthearted _ _ _. 【 答案 】 now that the final exam was over .单元语法 主语从句 用合适的关系 词 完成下面的句子 1 It is required in the regulations _ _ you should not tell other people the password of your email account. 2 _ is known to all is _ Diaoyu Island is part of China. 3 _ breaks the law cant escape being punishment. 4 It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice. 5 _ different countries have different traditions is natural. 【 答案 】 1.that 2.What； that 3.Whoever 4.whether 5 That .教材活用 根据 课 文内容，在空白 处 填入适当的内容 (1个 单词 )或括号内 单词 的正确形式 At the very 1._ (begin), the earth was just a cloud of energetic dust.Then the dust 2._ (combine) into a ball moving around the sun.After that, it exploded loudly with fire and rock, 3._ (produce) water vapor, carbon, nitrogen and other gases,4._ in the end made the 5._ (earth) atmosphere. Then the earth cooled down, and water, one of the earths special 6._ (quality), appeared and stayed on the earth, which made it possible for life to begin to develop.Some small plants growing in the water appeared on the earths surface, followed by land animals,7._ (include) insects, amphibians, reptiles and the most important animals called dinosaurs. Finally dinosaurs disappeared all of 8._ sudden and some small clever animals 9._ _ hands and feet appeared and spread all over the earth.In place of dinosaurs they became the10._ (important) animals on the planet that is, human beings. 【 答案 】 1.beginning 2.combined 3.producing 4 which 5.earths 6.qualities 7.including 8.a 9 with 10.most important 1 harmful adj.有害的 【 考点激活 】 Many wastes produced in the producing process are_ as well. 在生产过程中产生的很多废物也是有害的。 (2015江苏 ) (1)be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人 /某物有害 (2)do harm to sb./do sb.harm 对某人有害 do more harm than good 弊大于利；害多 利少 (3)There is no harm in doing sth. It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth. 做某 事没有坏处 (4)harmless adj.无害的 【 知识建构 】 They can do more harm than good to family relationships. 对家庭关系而言，他们弊大于利。 There is no harm in making an apology to him first. 先向他道歉没有什么坏处。 【 即时巩固 】 一句多译 然后我意识到，浪费时间玩电脑游戏对我的 学习和健康是有害的。 (2015重庆 ) Then I realized that wasting time in playing computer games _(harmful) _ (do harm to) 【 答案 】 harmful was harmful to my study and health did harm to my study and health 2 exist vi.存在；生存 【 考点激活 】 The goal is to find out whether kids using todays new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers _. 目标是弄清楚在没有老师或者学校的地方， 使用当今新科技的孩子们能否自学。 (2014山 东 ) (1)exist in 存在于 之中 exist on 靠 为生 There exists/existed 某地有 ；存在 (2)existence n 存在；生存 come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在 (3)existent adj. 存在的，现存的 【 知识建构 】 Besides the color, there exist other differences. 除了颜色不同外，还有其他的区别。 【 易错点津 】 exist一般不用于 进 行 时态 ，也不能使用被 动 语态 。 【 即时巩固 】 语法填空 We cant exist _ the money our parents are earning. There_ (existence) several theories that explain how the world come into _ (exist) 【 答案 】 exist on exist； existence 3 puzzle n 谜；难题 vt.使困惑；使糊涂 【 考点激活 】 Tenysons care for the elderly woman _ the flower seller. 丁尼生对老妇人的照顾使卖花的人很迷惑。 (2014福建 ) (1)puzzle about/over sth. 苦苦思索；仔细 琢磨 (2)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑不解的 puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的 (常用来修饰人 ) be puzzled by 被 迷惑 (3)be in a puzzle about/as to sth. 对某事迷 惑不解 【 知识建构 】 People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. 很长时间以来，人们一直在苦思冥想，埃及 人是如何移动这些巨大石块的。 (2015四川 ) 【 即时巩固 】 语法填空 The physics problem was _ (puzzle) The student looked at it with a _(puzzle) expression.She was in _puzzle as to what to do next.I thought she _ (puzzle) by it. 【 答案 】 puzzled puzzling puzzled a was puzzled 4 pull n & vt.拉 (力 )；拖；牵引力 【 考点激活 】 I sat down on the floor and _ a few books off the shelf at random. 我坐在地板上，随意地在书架上拽了几本书 。 (2015天津 ) (1)pull away (汽车等 )开走 pull away from 挣脱；脱离 pull down 拆毁；摧毁； (把身体 )拖垮 pull in (车辆等 )进站；停靠 pull out 驶出；拉出；拔出 pull through 康复；痊愈 pull up 停车 pull together 齐心协力 (2)push v推；推动 【 知识建构 】 The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere.So do not pull away from the handshake. 在这个地方握手似乎要比其他地方握的时间 长，所以握手时不要迅速挣脱。 (2014浙江 ) It is easier to pull down than to build up. 拆房容易盖房难。 【 图解助记 】 【 即时巩固 】 完成句子 So long as we_(齐 心 协 力 ), we will create a good environment to study in our class.(2015广东 ) Dont worry, your brother is going to_ (康复 )soon. _(用力推 ) when I tell you to. 【 答案 】 pulled pull together pull through Push hard 1 in time及时；终于 【 考点激活 】 We arrived in the summer, just _to enjoy the midnight sun. 我 们 在夏天到达，正好能及 时 享受到午夜的 太阳。 (2014四川 ) (1)in no time 立刻；马上 at no time 绝不 at a time 每次；一次 at one time 曾经；一度 at times 有时候 at the same time 同时 from time to time 有时；偶尔 (2)take ones time 别着急；慢慢来 pass/kill time 消磨时光 【 知识建构 】 In time youll appreciate the beauty of this language. 总有一天你会体会到这门语言的优美之处。 At no time did they actually break the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them. 他们实际上从未违反比赛规则，惩罚他们是 不公平的。 【 易错点津 】 at no time位于句首时，句子要部分倒装； in no time意为 “立刻， 马上 ”，无否定意义，置于 句首，不引起倒装。 【 即时巩固 】 用 time的相关短语填空 John was determined.He was poor in English, but _ did he lose heart. _ he got a zero in the English exam, which made him very sad.His teacher encouraged him, saying “ _ .If you keep on working hard, you will make progress _.” Hearing this, John took action _. 【 答案 】 in time at no time At one time Take your time in time in no time 2 in ones turn轮到某人；接着 【 考点激活 】 When it was _， he told us a joke. 当 轮 到他 时 ，他 给 我 们讲 了个笑 话 。 (1)in turn 依次；轮流；转而；反过来 by turns 轮流；交替 (2)take turns to do sth. 依次；轮班，轮流 做某事 It is ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 (3)It turns/turned out that 结果 【 知识建构 】 I wouldnt scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldnt expect anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health. 我不会责怪任何决定在周末聚会的人，而且 反过来我也不希望任何人因关注我的健康而冒 犯我。 (2015福建 ) Its your turn to watch out the stranger. 轮到你密切注视这个陌生人了。 【 即时巩固 】 完成句子 Theory is based on practice and _(反过来 ) serves practice. We _ (轮流照看 )the old lady. It _(结果 ) his plan was a great success. 【 答案 】 in his turn in turn took turns to look after turned out that 3 prevent from 阻止；制止 【 考点激活 】 The real challenge is preventing light _scattering. 真正的挑 战 在于阻止光 线 分散。 (2015北京 ) 【 知识建构 】 You cant stop/keep people from saying what they think. 人 们 怎么想就会怎么 说 ，你阻止不了。 【 易错点津 】 在主 动结 构 prevent/stop (from) doing sth. 中的 from可以省略，而 keep from doing sth. 中的 from不可以省略；在被 动结 构中的 from均 不能省略。 【 即时巩固 】 语法填空 We should prevent the river from _ _ (pollute) Factories must be prevented _ giving off smelly gas. It has been proved that wine helps protect _ heart disease. 【 答案 】 from being polluted from from/against 4 now that 既然 【 考点激活 】 _ Chicagos waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the citys next step was to clean the polluted river. 既然芝加哥的 废 水大量排入芝加哥河，那么 城市下一步的工作就是 处 理干 净这 些 污 染的水 。 (2015湖南 ) 【 词义辨析 】 now that 与 since同义，语气较弱，指双方都明 确的原因或众所周知的原因，侧重主句 ，从句表示显然的或已知的理由 bec aus e 语气最强，一般指事情发生的直接原因 ，回答 why的提问时，一般放在主句之 后 as 语气比 because弱，所引导的从句表 示的是显而易见的原因和理由，从 句一般放在主句前 for 并列连词，表示推断的原因，或对 前一分句补充说明理由； for表示这 一用法时需放在两句之间 in that 意为 “ 因为；由于 ” She may need some help as shes new. 她是新来的，可能需要一些帮助。 I was fortunate in that I had friends to help me. 我很幸运，有一些朋友帮助我。 【 即时巩固 】 完成句子 _ (既然你得 到了 这 个机会 ), you had better make full use of it. It must have rained last night, _ _(因 为 地面是湿的 ) 【 答案 】 Now that Now that/Since you have got the chance for the ground is wet 1 This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 这 就 产 生了一系列的反 应 ，使得生命得以 发 展了。 句型提炼： make宾语宾语补足语 句中 it作形式宾语， possible为宾语补足语， to develop为真正的宾语。 (1)make宾语 宾语补足语 【 句型剖析 】 (2)当该结构中的宾语是不定式短语或从句时 ，多用 it作形式宾语，而