2010年深圳市中考各科试题全集(包含语_数_外_历史_科学)

2010 年深圳市中考各科试题全集 包含语文 数学 英语 科学 历史 均是中考试卷，绝非模拟试题。 仅为方便各位初中同学及老师， 特此收集。 莘莘学子们复习考试， 分析往年试题， 再祝各位同学们考取好的成绩。 2010 年深圳市初中毕业生学业考试 语文试卷 （考试时间：100 分钟，满分 100 分） 一、 本大题共 5 道选择题，共 15 分 1、 请选出下列词语中的加点字的读音错误的一组（3 分） A、宽恕（sh） 狼藉（j） 妖娆（ro） 锐不可当（dng） B、姊妹（ji ） 轩榭(xun) 拮据(ji ) 毛骨悚然（sng） C、嫉妒（j） 寒噤（jn） 阴霾（mi） 惟妙惟肖（ xio） D、步履（l） 取缔（d） 阔绰（chu） 中流砥柱（d） 2、请选出下列句子没有语病的一项（3 分） A、目前，各地中小学、幼儿园建立并完善了校园安 全管理工作机制。 B、通过举办 2010 年上海“世博会 ”，使全世界的目光都聚焦到了飞速发展中的中国。 C、窗外的暴风雨突然渐渐地停下来。 D、膳食营养搭配是否合理，是身体健康的基本保证。 3、请选出下列句子排序正确的一项（3 分） 但它的另一个结果却是始料未及的 人们会在惟一的孩子身上投入过多的物质财富 计划生育能有效控制人口增长是不容置疑的 于是，小规模家庭反而变成高碳排放体 每个孩子人均能源消耗量大大提高 A、B、C、D、 4、请选出下列句子说法不当的一项（3 分） A、一篇小说必须具备三个要素，即生动的人物形象、完整的故事情节和人物活动的具体 环境；其中，人物形象是主要要素。 B、莎士比亚的威尼斯商人 是一部具有极大社会讽刺性的喜剧，剧中的夏洛克是外国 文学人物画廊中四个吝啬鬼之一。 C、 “凡职业没有不是神圣的，所以凡职业没有不是可敬的。 ”这是一个因果关系的复句。 D、小明对李老师说“你打字怎么这么慢？你走开，我来！” 5、选出下列各组句子加点词语意思不相同的一组（3 分） A、即书诗四句 乃丹书帛曰 B、浙江之潮，天下之伟观也 此则岳阳楼之 大观也 C、一屠晚归 微斯人，吾谁与归 D、出郭相扶将 三里之城，七里之郭 二、本大题共 3 小题，共 23 分 （一）阅读下面甲、乙两篇选文，完成 6-7 题（8 分） （甲）余忆童稚时，能张目对日，明察秋毫，见藐小之物必细察其纹理，故时有物外之趣。 夏蚊成雷，私拟作群鹤舞于空中，心之所向，则或千或百，果然鹤也；昂首观之，项为之 强。又留蚊于素帐中，徐喷以烟，使之冲烟而飞鸣，作青云白鹤观，果如鹤唳云端，为之 怡然称快。 （乙）当余之从师也， 负箧曳屣行深山巨谷中，穷冬烈风，大雪深数尺，足肤皲裂而不中?至 舍，四支僵劲不能动，媵人持汤沃灌，以衾拥覆，久而乃和。寓逆旅主人，日再食，无鲜 肥滋味之享。同舍生皆被绮绣，戴朱缨宝饰之帽，腰白玉之环，左佩刀，右备容臭，烨然 若神人；余则袍蔽衣处其间，略无慕艳盖。以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也。盖余 之勤且艰若此。 6、请用现代汉语翻译下列句子。 （4 分） （1）昂首观之，项为之强。 （2）负箧曳屣行深山巨谷中。 7、甲文“故时有物外之趣”中的“趣”和乙文“以中有足乐者”中的“乐”分别具体指什 么？结合选文，就如何在生活中获得乐趣谈谈你得到的启示（回答两点即可） 。 （4 分） （二）名句名篇默写。 （15 分） （1）几处早莺争暖树， 。 （2） ，夜泊秦淮近酒家。 （3）假如生活欺骗了你，不要悲伤，不要心急！ ；相信吧，快乐的日子将会来 临。 （4） ，林空鹿饮溪。 （5） ，弹琴复长啸。 （6）寡助之至， 。多助之至，天下顺之。 （7）问君何能尔？ 。 （8）无意苦争春， 。 （9） ，在河之洲，窈窕淑女， 。 （10）天街小雨润如酥， 。 ， 。 （11）古人的一腔 “愁”绪，常在诗文中流露。柳宗元在小石潭记中用“凄神寒骨， 悄怆幽邃”表现了“愁”的难以排解，李白在宣州谢眺楼饯别校书叔云中用“ ”表达了“愁”之绵长，李清照在武陵春中用“ ”说尽了“愁”之沉 重。 二、本大题共 9 小题，共 22 分 (一) 阅读下面选文，完成 9-12 题。 （9 分） 地球首个生态城市 （1）数据表明,目前城市居民正在消耗全球可获取资源的近 80%。此外,由于城市人口急剧 增长,环境污染问题日益严重,不少国家的生态建筑学家开始设计建造节能减排、几乎不向大 气排放任何有害物质(包括二氧化碳 )的生态城市。 （2）阿拉伯联合酋长国计划 2018 年在距离首都阿布扎比不远的荒漠上建造一个名叫 马思达尔的小型生态城市。城市面积约 7 平方公里,9 万人将在那里工作,包括 5 万常驻人口。 马思达尔市被称为“世界上第一个不排放有害物质的城市” 。负责这个生态城市建筑设计的 是英国设计师诺曼弗斯特。 （3）马思达尔市交通规划的设想是:汽车对城市居民来说是不需要的,所有 汽车都必须停放 在市外停车场,市内交通一律用电瓶车,每 150 至 200 米设一个站点。环境保护专家认为，这 种设计 理念重在大量减少汽车排放的尾气。 （4）弗斯特认为，城市生态环境具有极其重要的意义。现在，总共才占全球面积 3%的城 市却消耗了地球绝大部分的资源。根据联合国有关专家分析，到 2025 年，全世界 60%的 人将生活在城市，500 万和 500 万以上人口的特大城市将占多数，这种发展趋势迫使大城 市尤其要重视生态问题。 （5） 经济周刊认为，对生态问题的理解首先是减少有害物质的排放，包括二氧化碳。 在这方面，美国纽约市计划到 2012 年，1.3 万辆出租车将使用混合动力平；同时改造使用 天然气和重油的过时电站；普遍使用风能和太阳能发电；甚至还可以考虑对安装太阳能设 备的房主减少使用税的征收。 （6）参与马思达尔生态城市设计的斯蒂芬贝林格认为，没有二氧化碳的城市标准是：能 源生产和消费达到零指标。设计生态城市一定不能考虑汽车交通，这是基本理念，甚至像 德国杜伊斯堡这样的工业中心也可以考虑这样做，建筑物的设计要紧凑，应增加对绿地的 投资，搞好市中心周边的交通，主要使用自行车等交通工具，采取这些措施几乎可以将二 氧化碳的排放量减少一半。 （选自海外文摘2009 年第 9 期，有删改） 9、阅读第（1）段，说说“生态城市”有什么特点（用原文回答） 。 （2 分） 10、第（3）段写马思达尔市交通规划的设想，第（4）段写城市生态环境具有重要意义。 请先概括第（5）段内容，然后说说这三个文段之间是什么说明顺序。 （2 分） 11、第（5 段）加点的“减少”一词的词性是什么？结合文段内容说说“减少使用税的征 收”的意义。 （3 分） 12、为了深圳未来的发展，请你另外提出两条关于生态城市建设的建议。 （2 分） （二）阅读下面选文，完成 13-17 题。 （13 分） 天上的星星 大人们快活了，对我们就亲近；他们烦恼了，却要随意骂我们讨厌，似乎一切烦恼都要 我们负担，这便是我们做孩子的不曾明白的。天擦黑，我们才在家捉起迷藏，他们又来烦 了，大声呵斥。我们只好蹑蹑地出来，在门前树下的竹席上，躺下去，纳凉是了。 “星星！”妹妹 突然叫了一声。 我们都抬起头来，就在我头顶，出现了一颗星星，小小的，却极亮极亮。我们就好 奇地数起星星来，数着那是四个光角儿呢，还是五个光角儿，但就在这个时候，那星的周 围又出现了几颗星星，就是那么一瞬间，几乎不容觉察，就明亮亮地出现了。啊，两颗， 三颗十颗奇迹是这般迅速地出现，一时间，漫天星空，一片闪亮。 夜空再也不是荒凉的了，星星们都在那里热闹，有装熊的，有挑担的，也有提着灯 笼跑的 我们都快活起来了，一起站在树下，扬着小手。星星们似乎很得意了，向我们挤弄 着眉眼，鬼鬼地笑。 过了一会儿，月亮从村东口的那个榆树丫子里升上来了。它总是从那儿出来，冷不 丁地，常要惊飞了树上的鸟儿。先是玫瑰色的红，接着，就黄了脸，瞬间，它就又白了， 极白极白的，夜空里就笼上了一层淡淡的乳白色。我们都不知道这月亮是怎么了，却发现 星星少了许多，留下的也淡了许多。这使我们大吃了一惊。 “这是怎么了？”妹妹慌慌地说。 “月亮出来了。 ”我说。 “月亮出来了为什么星星就少了呢？” 我们闷闷不得其解。坐了一会儿，似乎就明白了：这漠漠的夜空，恐怕是属于月亮 的，它之所以由红变黄，由黄变白，一定是生气，嫌星星们不安分，在吓唬它们哩。 “哦，月亮是天上的大人。 ”妹妹说。 我们都没有了话说。我们深深懂得大人的威严，又深深可怜起星星了：月亮不在的 时候，它们是多么有精光灵气；月亮出现了，它们就变得这般猥琐了。 我们再也不忍心看那些星星了，低了头走到门前的小溪边，要去洗洗 手脸。 溪水浅浅地流着，我们探手下去，才要掬起一抔来，但是，我们差不多全看见了， 就在那水底里，有着无数的星星。 “啊，它们藏在这儿了。 ”妹妹大声地说。 我们赶忙下溪去捞，但无论如何也捞不上来。我们明白了，那一定是星星不能在天 上，就偷偷躲藏在这里了。我们就再不声张，不让大人们知道，让它们静静地躲在这里好 了。 于是，我们都走回屋里，上床睡了。却总是睡不稳那躲藏在水底的星星会被天 上的月亮发现吗？可惜藏在水底的星星太少了，更多的还在天上闪着光亮。虽然它们很小， 但天上如果没有它们，那会是多么寂寞啊！ 大人们又骂我们不安生睡觉了，骂过一通，就打起了鼾。我们赶忙爬起来，悄悄溜 到门外，将脸盆儿、碗盘儿、碟缸儿都拿了出去，盛了水，让更多更多的星星都藏在里边 吧。 （作者：贾平凹 选自读者2009 年第 23 期，有删改） 13、理清选文思路，请将“我们”活动的相关内容按顺序填写在下面的空格处。 （2 分） 发现星星 议星星捞星星 14、请说说第（11）段“哦，月亮是天上的大人。 ”这句话的含义。 （2 分） 15、请根据所提供的语境，仿写下面画线的 句子。 （3 分） 夜空再也不是荒凉的了，星星们都在那里热闹，有装熊的，有挑担的，也有提着灯笼跑的。 花园再也不是冷清的了，花儿们都在那里欢笑， ， ， 。 16、作者在选文中表达了怎样的思想感情？（3 分） 17、请你以星星的口吻对月亮说几句心里话（字数 30 左右） 。 （3 分） 四、本大题共 1 小题，40 分 18、作文 一张奖状，一座奖杯，是我们用汗水换来的奖品；一个微笑，一份祝福，是亲人、朋友送 给我们的奖品；一米阳光，一泓清水，是大自然赋予我们的奖品这些奖品，有的你已 经拥有，有的你曾经赠予，有的你还在期盼。 请以“奖品”为话题，写一篇文章。 温馨提示： （1） “题好一半文” ，请拟出一个你最满意的题目。 （2）记叙文、说明文、议论文等是我们熟悉的文体，请选定你最擅长的来写。 （3）内容充实是作文评分标准之一，请你在 600 字以后才收笔，并尽量控制在 900 字以内。 （4）文中不要出现影响评分的人名、校名和地名。如果不可避免，请用代替。 2010深圳中考英语试卷 第一部分 选择题 （60 分） I. Multiple choices (15%) 1. -_ apple a day keeps the doctor away! -What do you mean? I have never heard of _ saying before. A. An, a B. An, the C. A, the D. A, a 2. -What _ you usually have for breakfast? - _ and a cup of coffee. A. do, Three bread B. do, Three pieces of bread C. are, Three breads D. are, Three pieces of bread 3. -Your bag looks the same _ mine. -Oh, really? Its a gift _ my father. A. with, to B. with, from C. as, on D. as, from 4. -The weather report says there is going to _ a typhoon tonight. -So we had better _. A. be, not go B. have, not go C. be, not to go D. have not to go 5. - _ people are taking action to protect the environment now. -Yes. _ of my classmates come to school by bike now. A. More and more, four fifth B. Less and less, four fifth C. More and more D. Less and less, four fifths 6. -Mary, would you like to _ this game? -Id love to, but I have to finish _ the composition first. A. join in, to write B. attend, writing C. join, to write D. take part in, writing 7. -The number of the students in our class _ fifty-six. -How many of _ are girls? A. is, them B. are, them C. is, they D. are, they 8. -Is Mr. Smith in his office now? -No, he _ there. I _ him in the library a minute ago. A. may be, saw B. cant be, see C. mustnt be, see D. cant be, saw 9. -_ is your opinion on the film “Avatar“? -Its amazing. I was _ moved. A. What, deep B. How, deep C. What, deeply D. How, deeply 10. -Do you know _ buy the book Harry Potter? -The book is _ popular that you can buy it at any bookstore. A. where can I, so B. where can I, such C. where I can, so D. where I can, such 11. -Paper _ wood. We should not waste paper. -I agree. I always use _ sides of paper. A. is made of, either B. is made from, both C. makes of, both D. makes from, either 12. -Have you ever _ Australia? -Yes, I have. Its really interesting _ with kangaroos. A. been to, to play B. gone to, played C. been to, play D. gone to, playing 13. -Lets go to the zoo by taxi, _? -Maybe we can go there _. Its not far. A. wont you, on foot B. wont you, by foot C. shall we, by foot D. shall we, on foot 14. -Can you help me _ my cat while I am away? -No problem. Just bring it to my house _ you leave. A. look after, before B. look for, until C. take care of, since D. take off, after 15. -Im sorry for being late. -_ A. Thats right. B. You are welcome. C. It doesnt matter. D. You should be sorry. II. Cloze (10%) Some inventions are very important. For example, the telephone allows people to communicate all over the world. The 16 lets people travel long distances in a short time. Life is much easier with these 17 inventions. Some inventions are just fun. A company in Japan has invented 18 flowers. You can listen to music that comes through real flowers. Customers in restaurants can smell the beautiful roses 19 listen to pleasant music while eating. People in the dentists office can look at pretty lilies and listen to Mozart while have their 20 examined! There is now a vehicle that gets you around with almost no effort 21 . In fact, you drive this invention while standing on it! This vehicle runs by electricity. It 22 quite easily. When you lean forward, it moves forward, and when you lean 23 , it moves backward! A new kind of bubble liquid has been invented. If you blow bubbles 24 this liquid, they can last for several minutes! 25 are very strong. You can even pick them up and throw them around! Do you have your own ideas about inventions now? 16. A. bike B. bus C. ship D. plane 17. A. important B. useless C. boring D. strange 18. A. dancing B. talking C. singing D. walking 19. A. but B. so C. nor D. and 20. A. ears B. eyes C. teeth D. nose 21. A. in all B. at all C. after all D. for all 22. A. carries B. makes C. works D. plays 23. A. forward B. backward C. towards D. afterwards 24. A. about B. at C. with D. for 25. A. They B. We C. You D. None III. Reading Comprehension (35%) i. 阅读选择答案 A On a hot summer day, Holmes and Dr. Watson went on a camping trip. After a good meal and a bottle of wine, they lay down in a tent for a night and went to sleep. Some hours later, Holmes woke up and pushed his friend. “Watson, look! What can you see in the sky?“ Watson replied, “I see millions of stars.“ “What does that tell you?“ asked Holmes. Watson thought for a while. “First, it tells me that we will have a beautiful clear day tomorrow. Second, it tells me that the time is about twelve oclock. And“ “What else?“ Holmes asked. “Well, it also reminds that the world is so big and we are so small. What does that tell you?“ Holmes said with a grin on his face, “You silly guy! It only tells me that someone has stolen our tent!“ 26. One day, Holmes and Dr. Watson went _. A. swimming B. camping C. hiking D. rock-climbing 27. Holmes woke up _. A. in the middle of the night B. early in the morning C. soon after he fell asleep D. after Watson pushed him 28. Watson thought of at least _ things after he saw the stars. A. two B. three C. four D. five 29. When Holmes saw the stars in the sky, he realized that _. A. it would be a beautiful clear day B. it was almost twelve oclock C. the world was so big and they were so small D. someone has stolen their tent 30. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The story happened in the afternoon. B. They had some wine before they went to sleep. C. Holmes asked Watson questions because Holmes didnt know what happened. D. Holmes thought Watson was clever. B Venice is in the northeast of Italy. It was built on small islands in saltwater lakes more than 1,500 years ago. Venice is a city with no cars and people travel by boat. There are 117 waterways and more than 400 bridges that can guide you where you want to go. Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand. In the seaside city, you can enjoy an amazing view from the citys tallest towerthe Sky Tower. You can also see Maori traditional dances at the Auckland Museum. Auckland is called “The city of Sails“ because it has more boats than anywhere else in the world. Los Angeles was founded in 1781. It is now the second largest city in the United States. It is famous for its modern highways and its movie star of Hollywood. There are many beautiful beaches near the city. The population of Budapest is about three million and the city is a very popular place for tourists. Visitors like to take boat rides along the Danube (多瑙河). Budapest is also known for its exciting nightlife. The best time to visit Budapest is summer since it is very cold in winter. 31. People mostly travel _ in Venice. A. by ship B. by car C. by bus D. by boat 32. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about Auckland? A. Modern highways B. The Sky Tower C. Maori traditional dances D. A lot of boats 33. Los Angeles has a history of _. A. more than 100 years B. more than 200 years C. more than 300 years D. more than 400 years 34. If Mary wants to visit Budapest, the best time for her to go is _. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter 35. The four cities are all _ according to the passage. A. modern cities with a short history B. in New Zealand C. near lakes, rivers or seas D. large cities C “The Princess and the Frog“ is a warm and enjoyable cartoon by Disney. It tells the story about a girl who makes her dream come true through hard work. Tiana is a waitress. She has a dream of owning a restaurant. In order to realize the dream, she works hard. She knows that it is useless to wish on a star. She never sits in a castle waiting for a prince to come and save her. Tianas plans for success go wrong when she meets a talking frog. The frog happens to be a prince named Naveen. Hoping to become human again, Naveen regards Tiana as a princess by mistake. He tells her to kiss him. Then something worse happens. Tiana turns into a frog, too. Together they look for a way to become human again. The story is easy enough for kids to understand and it provides us with beautiful hand-drawn pictures, songs and music. Besides, theres a great lesson here: you should look for a way to make your dreams come true. If there is any problem with the movie, its only that it doesnt feel as splendid as some of Disneys other films. 36. The writer introduces _ to us in this passage. A. a song B. a Hollywood action movie C. a cartoon by Disney D. a historical story 37. Tianas dream is to _. A. kiss a frog B. own a restaurant C. sit in a castle D. find a prince 38. The lesson we can learn from “The Princess and the Frog“ is that _. A. we should not kiss a frog B. we should believe ourselves C. wishing on a star will be helpful D. we should look for a way to make our dreams come true 39. “The Princess and the Frog“ is _. A. short of beautiful pictures, songs and music B. as splendid as some of Disneys other films C. too difficult to understand D. educational 40. You can probably find this article _. A. in a science textbook B. in a dictionary C. in a newspaper D. in a travelers guide D The opening ceremony of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo was held at 8:10 p.m. on April 30th. The Expo is first hosted by a developing country. It is also the first time that cities participate (参 加) in a World Expo independently. A total of 14 countries around the world have their own pavilions (展馆). Shenzhen is one of the cities and it has taken the chance to show the ideas of city development. Shenzhens pavilion costs 30 million yuan. It is a two-floor project. Shenzhen shows films, photos, 16 paintings by Dafen artists, and multimedia installations (多媒体设施) in its pavilion. All these tell the story of Dafen Oil Painting Village from a small village into an art industry base. Visitors to the pavilion are welcomed by 12 young volunteers from Shenzhen. They can speak both English and Chinese very well. The volunteers receive thousands of visitors each day. One of the walls in the Shenzhen Pavilion is decorated with thousands of postcards. Visitors can write down their dreams and wishes on the cards. Visitors are all interested in the exhibition. A Shanghai visitor wrote, “Through the changes of Dafen Village, I feel the citys energy and see the hope of our country.“ 41. The Expo is first hosted by _. A. a developed country B. a developing country C. a rich country D. a small country 42. Shenzhen wants to show visitors _. A. its scenic spots B. its delicious food C. ideas of city development D. its industry 43. Shenzhen shows _ in its pavilion. A. films, photos, paintings and multimedia installations B. industry, films, artists and multimedia installations C. artists, industry, photos and volunteers D. artists, films, volunteers and paintings 44. The volunteers from Shenzhen can speak _. A. English and Cantonese B. Chinese and Cantonese C. English and French D. English and Chinese 45. Visitors to the Shenzhen Pavilion _. A. dont like the Shenzhen Pavilion B. can sing and dance in the Shenzhen Pavilion C. can only watch the exhibition D. are fond of the Shenzhen Pavilion E Looking for a childrens park? Internet users can find hundreds of them. These books are from around the world. And they are free to readers. The United States has started a project called the International Childrens Digital Library. It is supported by the National Science Foundation, the Library of Congress and the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The goal of the project is to offer more than 10,000 childrens electronic books in at least 100 languages. Some of the books show the similarities and differences in ways of life around the world. They will enable children to have a better understanding of other peoples cultures. People working for this project have tried to design easy ways to search the collection and read the books. A picture of each page appears on the computer. Users can also print the pages on paper if they want to. The project is for two main groups of users. The first group is children between the ages of three and thirteen, along with their teachers and parents. The second group is researchers of childrens literature (文学). The books can help children understand more about the world. 46. The books in the project can make children better understand _. A. other peoples cultures B. their own culture C. their teachers and parents D. researchers of childrens literature 47. In this project, the electronic books are _. A. expensive to readers B. from the U.S.A. C. in different languages D. for children only 48. The underlined word “goal“ probably means _ in this passage. A. 山羊 B. 煤炭 C. 进球得分 D. 目标 49. The third paragraph is mainly about _. A. the purpose of the project B. the users of the project C. people working for the project D. museums and libraries 50. The best title of the passage is _. A. The International Childrens Digital Library B. How to Choose Books for Children C. How to Search Books on the Internet D. Internet Users ii. 选择词语完成对话 A. music B. nervous C. advice