小学英语教师招聘考试专业知识全册

必修 1 核心单词 1. add vt. for B. for; which C. for; about D. about; with （2）用 concern 的适当形式填空（原创） There is an article that the rise of the prices. The children are rather about their mothers health. Officials should themselves public affairs. (1)解析：选 A。句意为：这次会议牵涉到改革，在场的每个人都很担心自己的 利益。be concerned with 牵涉到,和有关；be concerned for/about 担心； 关心。 (2) concerns concerned concern；with 5. settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居；安排；解决 Both wanted to settle their scores.双方都愿意尽弃前嫌。 常用结构： settle down 镇定下来 settle in 在定居 He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。 The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已定居加拿大。 Page No.18 高手过招 单项填空 Do you know anyone in Paris? No. Ill make friends once .（2010福建厦门六中检测） A. Im settled B. I have settled C. Ill be settled D. Im settling The brake of your bicycle has come loose. Youd better it .（2010陕西西安 交大附中） A. settle B. fix C. pick D. correct 解析：选 A。settle 作“安家”讲时，既可用 settle，也可用 be settled。本题 是由 once(一旦)引起的时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表将来。 解析：选 B。由句意可知，因为自行车的车闸坏了，因此要“修理” 。 Page No.19 6. suffer vt. 遭受；忍受；蒙受 vi.后接 from/for 意为“受之苦” ， “患疾病” 常用结构： suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains 遭受打击/ 失败 /损失/痛苦 He suffered hard pains from the accident. 他忍受着事故带来的痛苦。 Do you suffer from headaches? 你经常头痛吗? Shes suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遗忘症。 联想拓展 sufferer n. 受苦者，受难者 suffering n.痛苦，苦难 Page No.20 高手过招 （1）单项填空 In the countryside there are many dropouts (辍学者). I think the difficulty the poor economic conditions.（2010浙江嘉兴一轮检测） A. lies in B. result in C. leads to D. suffers from （2）翻译句子 我们在金融危机中损失惨重。 (1)解析：选 A。考查短语辨析。lie in 在这里相当于 because of。 (2)We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis. Page No.21 重点短语 7. go through 经历；经受；检查；浏览；用完；做完 The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。 Shes gone through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。 / 5 Have you gone through all your money already? 你把所有的钱都花完了吗？ I went through the students papers last night. 昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的试卷。 联想拓展 go after 追求；追赶 go ahead 前进；请说（做）吧 go by 走过；（时间）过去 go along with 向前；（与 )一起去 go in for 爱好；从事 Page No.22 go out 外出；（灯，火）熄灭 go over 越过；复习 go through with 做完；完成 go up 爬上；（价格等）上升 高手过招 单项填空 Wed better try to with the experiment, I think. Now lets with it.（2010河南许昌一模） A. go through; go on B. go on; go over C. go over; go through D. go on; go through If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person .（2010平顶山一中月考） A. go up B. rise up C. throw up D. set up Page No.23 解析：选 A。go through with sth.意思是“做完，完成 ”；go on with 意思是 “继续” 。 解析：选 C。throw up 的意思是“呕吐；吐出” 。 8. get sth.done 让别人做某事/使得某事被做 done 是过去分词作宾语补足语，与 have sth. done 句型的用法一样。 get sb./sth. doing 使某人/某事物起来 get sb. to do sth.使/让某人做某事 get done （状态的改变）get 作系动词，相当于 be get away 逃脱；离开 get back 回来；取回 get by 维持生活；通过 get down to sth./doing sth.开始认真做某事 get in 进站；到达；收集 get off 下来；下车 get on 上车；进展；进步 Page No.24 get cross(对)生气，发脾气 get in ones way 挡路，妨碍 get used to doing sth.习惯做某事 get involved in 涉及 get in touch with 和取得联系 get it 了解，懂得，明白 高手过招 （1）单项填空 The final examination is coming up soon. Its time for us to our studies. （2010河南焦作一中月考） A. get down to B. get out C. get back for D. get over （2）完成句子（原创） 讲解后，老师让我们思考起问题来。 Shortly after the explanation the teacher got us . Page No.25 我们将很快为你订制一套新衣服。 We will get a new suit for you. 她试图使他说话。 She tried to get him . (1)解析：选 A。该题根据交际情景考查短语动词的用法。根据题意，此处指开 始认真学习，故选 A。get down to 开始认真考虑，符合题意。get out 出去，离 开，逃脱，泄露；get back for 回来，恢复；get over 爬过；克服，熬过；恢复， 原谅。故 B、C、D 三项均不符合题意。 (2) thinking made to talk 9. set down 放下；记下；登记 Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.乘客只有在正 式车站方可上下车。 Page No.26 联想拓展 set about (doing sth.) 着手（做某事） set out (to do sth.)开始，着手( 做某事) set aside 留出；不顾 set back（把钟等）往回拨；推迟 set free 释放；解放 set off 动身，出发（去某地） ；使爆炸 set out 动身，出发；安排，组织 set up 开办；建立；设立 set an example to 树立榜样 / 7 set fire to .= set . on fire 纵火烧 be set in 以为背景 The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks. 由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了好几个星期。 We need to set about finding a solution. 我们得着手寻找一个解决办法。 Page No.27 温馨提示 set about 和 set out 都可作“开始/着手做某事”讲，但 set about 后加 doing sth.， 而 set out 后加 to do sth.。 高手过招 单项填空 As soon as he got to the office, he the students papers. （2010山东济南一中月考） A. got down to correct B. got down to correcting C. set down to correcting D. sit down to correcting 解析：选 B。get down to 意思是“着手做某事” ，其中 to 是介词， 后跟名词或动名词。 Page No.28 10. on purpose 故意 The boy broke Jacks window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack. 那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。 联想拓展 purpose n. 目的，用途；目标；重要意义 for the purpose of 为了 to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒劳 The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university. 这本书的目的是全面介绍这所大学。 高手过招 用 purpose 的适当形式或短语填空 （原创） He didnt do it . What was your ? on purpose purpose Page No.29 11. join in 参加；加入 They didnt have enough time to join in the activity. 他们没有足够的时间来参加这个活动。 联想拓展 join sb. in sth.与某人一起做某事 join up 入伍；参军 join up with sb.与某人联合；会合 join hands with sb.与某人拉起手来；合伙；联合 Will you join me in a walk? 你愿意和我一起散步吗？ Let us join hands in friendship. 让我们携手共建友谊吧。 Page No.30 易混辨析 join in/join/take part in/attend join in 参加正在进行着的活动。如游戏、讨论、辩论、谈话等。 join 参加某组织或团体，并成为其中一员 ;来和某人待在一起。 take part in 参加会议或有组织的群众性活动，并在其中发挥一定的作用。 attend 正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等， 句子的主语是去听去看，自己不一定起积极作用，相当于 be present。 高手过招 用 join/join in/take part in/attend 的适当形式填空（原创） I decided to the club to have dance training. Would you like me to the game? I a meeting last month. I will have to his funeral next week. join join in took part in/attended attend Page No.31 重点句型 12. .but your friend cant go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle. 但是你的朋友不把自行车弄干净不能走。 not . until 意为“直到 才” ，表示主句谓语的动作直到 until 状语的时间才 发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始。until 引导从句时，如果主句中的 谓语动词是延续性动作，则主句用肯定式；如果主句中的谓语动词是短暂性动 词，则用否定形式。 “It is/was not until+被强调的部分 +that .”相当于 “Not until . did (does, do, is .)+主语 .”意为“直到才” ，是强调形式。 You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal. 体温正常后，你才能起床。 He didnt leave until the meeting was over. 直到会议结束他才离开。 / 9 Page No.32 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star. =Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star. =I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位电影明星。 高手过招 单项填空 Not until , settle the problem. （2010潍坊一轮验收） A. he returns; can we B. he returns; we can C. does he returns; we can D. does he return; we can It was back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go Page No.33 解析：选 A。当 not until 位于句首时句子需倒装。句意为：直到他回来我们 才能解决这个问题。 解析：选 C。强调句型 It is/was .that 对 not until .进行强调时，需把 not until .放到强调结构中，故选 C。 13. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗的时候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被车撞了。 while walking the dog 是连词 while 加现在分词短语结构，强调分词的动作正在 发生，相当于 while you were walking the dog。 在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致， 谓语含有系动词 be，可以省略从句的主语和系动词 be。 When crossing the street, you should be careful. 过马路时，你应当小心。 If heated, water can be turned into vapour. 如果受热，水会变成蒸气。 Page No.34 温馨提示 在状语从句中，如果从句的主语为 it 时，也可以将 it 和助动词 be 省略。 Whenever possible they would stop him and ask the three questions.可能的话，他 们就让他停下问他这三个问题。 高手过招 单项填空 with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. （2010山东莱州检测） A. Compares B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared the two systems, little man found the latter advantageous.(原 创) A. Compare B. When compared C. Compared D. When comparing Page No.35 解析：选 D。考查状语从句的省略用法。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语与 主句的主语相同或者主语为 it 时，可以将从句中的主语或者 it 和助动词 be 省 略。本句是将状语从句“When it is compared with the size of the whole earth”中 的 it is 省略，因此正确答案为 D。 解析：选 D。考点省略。在状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致， 且从句中含有 be 动词时，通常采用省略形式。句中的 little man 与 compare 之 间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故选 D。 14. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为 我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 此句中的 its .that 是强调句型。关于强调句型，我们需要掌握以下几点： Page No.36 （1）强调句型的基本结构： “It is/was+被强调的成分+that/who+ 其他成分”用来强调主语、宾语和状语等 成分。that 只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。当被强调部分为 sb.作宾语 时，可用 who,也可用 that,其他情况一律用 that。强调主语时，that 后的谓语动 词必须与被强调的主语在人称与数上保持一致。 （2）特殊句式中的强调句型： 如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底” 、 “究竟”等语气时，就 用如下结构： “特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分” ，that/who 后只能使用陈述 语序。 在“not .until”结构中，由 until 所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要 用固定的强调句型：“It+is/was+not until .+that+该句的其余部分” ，that 所引 导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。 Page No.37 （3）强调句型要注意和 it 代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物 等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，可采用“还原法” 。如果还 原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整，则是强调句，否则不是。 It was three oclock when I got home. 我到家的时候三点。 It was at three oclock that I got home. 三点钟我到的家。 It was in his town that he was brought up. 他是在镇上被养大的。 （强调句） / 11 It was this town where/in which he was brought up. 这是他被抚养长大的城镇。 （定语从句） （4）英语中常用助动词 do, does 或 did 强调谓语。 He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didnt find you. 他昨天确实去了机场，但他没有找到你。 Page No.38 It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary. 是我跟玛丽一块儿去度假。 When is it that we will have a meeting? 我们什么时候开会？ 高手过招 单项填空 It is in that poor village, Mary lived and worked 15 years ago, she will build her first school, which inspires everyone to help her.（原创） A. where; when B. that; that C. that; when D. where; that 解析：选 D。句意为：就是在那个她生活和工作了 15 年的贫穷的村庄，玛丽将 要建起她的第一座学校，这一点鼓舞了人们来帮她。第一空为 where 引导的非 限制性定语从句，第二空填 that,构成强调句型，强调地点状语。 Page No.39 15. I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do . 我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账 as 引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为“像大多数人那么做 ”。 as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句： 引导时间状语从句，强调主句谓语与从句谓语的同时性； 引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然，即使” （从句需倒装） ； 引导方式状语从句，表示“以方式” ； 引导原因状语从句 (=since; because)，意为“由于，因为 ”； 引导比较状语从句。 As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening. 随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。 Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt. 尽管天气冷，我哥哥只穿了一件衬衫。 Page No.40 Why didnt you take the medicine as I told you to? 为什么你没有按我说的来服这种药？ As you were not there, I left a message. 因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。 She is as tall as you. 她和你一样高。 高手过招 单项填空 as he is, he speaks English well. （2010山西太原一中月考） A. Little child B. A little child C. The little child D. Child little In some countries, are called “public schools” are not owned by the public.（201011江西新余一中质量检测） A. which B. as C. what D. that Page No.41 解析：选 B。 在让步状语从句中，作表语的名词如果提前，该名词常省去冠 词，但若名词前有修饰语时，就不省略冠词。 解析：选 C。考查 what 引导的主语从句。what 在主语从句中作主语。句意 为：在许多国家，所谓的公立学校并非公众拥有。 16. .it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face . 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚 如果前面是“it (will be)is/this (will be)is/that (will be)is+the first/second time that .” 句式，表示“某人第几次做某事” 。其中,that 引导的是定语从句，后面句子的 时态用现在完成时；如果前面是 it (would be)was ., 后面则用过去完成时。 It is the first time that I have come to Zhuhai. 这是我第一次来珠海。 It was the second time that she had visited London. 那是她第二次游览伦敦。 Page No.42 温馨提示 如果 time 前有 last 修饰，此时我们一般不用完成时态。 注意：the first time 可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句；for the first time 意为“第一次”单独用作状语。 This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson. 这是我最后一次给你们上课了。 高手过招 (1)单项填空 Its the third time late this week. （原创） A. that you are B. you are C. when you arrived D. that you have been It was for the first time that he to the party. A. Invited B. had been invited C. has been invited D. was invited (2)翻译句子（原创） This will be the second time that I have been to the Great Wall. Page No.43 （1）解析：选 D。 “It is the +序数词+time+ that 从句”为固定句型，从句谓 语动词必须用现在完成时。 解析：选 D。it was .that 是强调结构，句中强调状语“for the first time”故 选 D。 （2）这将会是我第二次去长城。 / 13 Page No.44 Unit 2 English around the world 核心单词 1. command n. U指导；指挥 常用结构： in the direction of 朝的方向(=towards) in sbs direction 朝某人的方向(=towards sb.) under ones direction 在 指导下(=under the direction of sb.) Page No.51 Tom went off in one direction and Jack in another. 汤姆往一个方向走，杰克往另外一个方向走。 Reforms are needed in many directions. 许多方面都需要改革。 He is walking in the direction of the police station. 他正朝警察局的方向走去。 He glanced in her direction and their eyes met. 他朝她这个方向一看，俩人的眼睛相遇了。 The singing group is under the direction of Mr Lee. 合唱团由李先生指挥。 温馨提示 direction 意为“指示；指引；用法说明”等，通常要用复数形式。 注意：表示邮件上的“姓名地址”时，也用复数形式。 Follow the directions on the medicine bottle. 请按药瓶上的说明服药。 Page No.52 高手过招 （1）单项填空 Those who learn theory must develop the direction of practice. （2010山东枣庄一轮验收） A. to B. on C. in D. for （2）完成句子 （原创） I gave Mary full (地址)to enable her to find the post office. He did the work (在我的指 导下). （1）解析：选 C。in the direction of 为固定搭配，意为“朝方向” 。注意不 要用介词 to。 （2）directions under my direction 重点短语 5. more than one 意为“不止一个” ，虽然在意义上表示复数，但作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词 用单数，与 many a(许多) 用法一样；如果 more 修饰复数可数名词再跟 than one 作主语时，其谓语动词则要用复数。 Page No.53 More than one member has protested against the proposal. 不止一个成员反对这个建议。 More than one person has been concerned in this. 这里面涉及的不仅是一个人。 More persons than one have been involved. 涉及的不仅仅是一个人。 联想拓展 “more than+ adj.”意为“很；非常” 。 在“more . than .”中，肯定 “more”后面的，而否定“than ”后面的，意为 “是而不是”或者“与其不如” 。 “more than . can/could”是英语里的一个常见结构，可把 more than 理解为 not,表示否定，该结构意为“非所能；是所不能；不是 所能” 。 more often than not 经常；往往 In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. 做科学实验时，对待仪器必须非常小心才行。 Page No.54 If you tell your father what you have done, he will be more than a little angry. / 17 如果你把所做的事情告诉你父亲，他会非常生气的。 Catherine is more diligent than intelligent. 与其说凯瑟琳聪明，不如说她勤奋。 高手过招 完成句子（原创） 当我的老朋友布莱恩怂恿我抽一支烟时，我可再也熬不住了。 When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was . 可能的解释不止一个。 There is . more than I could bear more than one possible explanation Page No.55 6. because of 因为；由于是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词及 what 从句。 She got hurt because of what youd said. 她因为你的话而受到伤害。 due to 意为“由于”常作表语，也作后置定语和状语。 thanks to 意为“多亏；由于”只作状语。 owing to 意为 “由于”常作状语。 as a result of 意为“由于”作状语。 易混辨析 because/as/since/for because 表示直接原因，语气最强。回答 why 提出的问题只能用 because。在强 调句型中，也只能用 because。 as 用于解释做某事的原因，语气较弱，通常位于主句前。 since 表示的原因是指人们已知的事实，常意为“既然” 。语气比 because 弱， 但比 as 强。通常位于主句前，并常与 as 换用。 for 并列连词，连接并列分句，表示一种补充说明，是推测或判断的理由，语气 较弱，不可位于主句前。有时可表示直接原因，相当于 because。 Page No.56 高手过招 单项填空 People crowded on the road and could not go forward the traffic accident some cars had made.（2010山西太原五中检测） A. with B. since C. because of D. because People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her. ,she is a great musician.（2010陕西西安二中检测） A. After all B. As a result C. In other words D. As usual 解析：选 C。考查表示 “原因”的几个词的用法。since 与 because 都是连词， 连接句子，with 表示原因时，前面多是形容词。如 His face was red with cold.他 的脸冻得通红。because of 为介词短语，后跟名词或动名词短语，故选 C。 解析：选 A。after all 毕竟； as a result 结果；in other words 换句话说；as usual 照例。根据题意选择 A。 Page No.57 7. come up 走近；上来；提出 The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station. 小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。 We wont forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain. 我们不会忘记一同在泰山顶看日出的那天。 It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting. 这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。 The snowdrops are just beginning to come up. 雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面。 I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。 Page No.58 联想拓展 come true 变成现实，成为现实 come across 邂逅 come about 发生 come at 向扑来,攻击 come from 来自 come out 出版;开花；结果是 come up with 想出 come round 绕道而来；苏醒 come down 落下,塌下 come over （从远处）来到；横过 come into use 开始使用 how come .?(表示理解)怎么回事？ when it comes to sth.当涉及某事时 How come her French is so bad if she spent 5 years in pairs? 她在巴黎待了 5 年，但她的法语怎么这么糟糕。 When it comes to getting things done, he is useless. 一涉及到做事，他便不中用了。 Page No.59 高手过招 （1）单项填空 They arent afraid when they the difficulties in their study. / 19 （2010河南镇平质量检测） A. come up B. come to C. come about D. come out （2）用 come 构成的短语填空（原创） The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear him. The magazine once a month. I wish you can to England on your holiday. The engineers have new ways of saving energy. They an old school friend in the street this morning. Page No.60 （1）解析：选 B。考查短语辨析。 come to 此处意为“涉及，提到” ；come about 意为“产生” ，如:How did the difference between American English and British English come about? come up 意为“到来，来到” ；come out 意为“出来， 长出，发芽” 。 （2）came at comes out come over come up with came across 8. such as 例如；像这样的 易混辨析 such as/for example/that is/and so on such as 用来列举事物。通常插在被举例的带有解释性质的事物与前面的需要进 行解释的名词之间，意为“比如；诸如之类的” ，可与 like 互换，as 后不 能有逗号。 for example 同 for instance 一样起到补充说明的作用，表明在众多的内容中仅取 一两个例子，可放在举例之前或之后，意为“例如，举个例子” 。 Page No.61 that is 是后面列举的事物的总量等于它前面所提到的总和，相当于 namely。也 用 that is to say。 and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用 and so on 进行 概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出。 Boys like to play balls, such as football and basketball. 男孩子喜欢打球，比如足球和篮球。 Some students, Li Jun, for example, live in the country. 有些学生，如李军，住在农村。 I have three good friends, that is, John, Jack and Tom. 我有三个好朋友，即约翰、杰克和汤姆。 There are some books, pens, erasers and so on in my bag. 我的书包里有书、笔、橡皮等。 Page No.62 高手过招 单项填空 A lot of countries have gained excellent achievements in space technology, China, . （2010安徽合肥八中检测） A. such as B. for example C. namely D. and so on 解析：选 B。四个词中只有 for example 位置灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末。 9. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与 She plays an active part in local politics. 她积极参与地方政治活动。 She played a major part in the success of the scheme