新编大学英语4 unit 2课件

Book 4Book 4 Unit Two The Power of WordsThe Power of Words Unit TwoUnit Two Task 1: The effect of words Task 2: The power of words Task 3: Words of encouragement Task 4: Writing notes Task 5: The power of your words In-Class Reading The Power of a NoteThe Power of a Note Work in pairs to Work in pairs to answer the following questions.answer the following questions. The author felt greatly inspired, for he was just a teenager and Dons good words gave him both confidence and encouragement. How did the author feel when he received How did the author feel when he received Dons note?Dons note? SampleSample Yes, its quite necessary, because such notes bring warmth and reassurance to those who need encouragement in a world too often cold and full of competition. Besides, we all need a boost from time to time, and a few lines of praise can even change life. Do you think it necessary to write uplifting Do you think it necessary to write uplifting notes to other people?notes to other people? SampleSample According to the text, how to write uplifting According to the text, how to write uplifting notes?notes? SampleSample We only need to be willing to express our appreciation. In other words, we should be sincere when writing notes and letters that lift spirits and warm hearts. The words should often be short, specific and spontaneous. The significance of Don Wolfes notes. The significance of Don Wolfes notes. Introduction (Para. 1-4) By By writing writing encouraging encouraging words, words, Don Don Wolfe Wolfe made made people, people, including including the the author, author, feel feel good good about themselves.about themselves. Don Don Wolfes Wolfes uplifting uplifting notes notes made made the the author author confident and many others feel good.confident and many others feel good. We We all all need need encouragement encouragement and and upbeat upbeat notes can meet our needs. (Para. 5 7) notes can meet our needs. (Para. 5 7) Body (Para. 5-18) Some Some very very busy busy people people write write notes notes and and benefit from this practice. (Para. 8 10) benefit from this practice. (Para. 8 10) How How to to write write notes notes that that lift lift spirits spirits and and warm warm hearts. (Para. 11 18 ) hearts. (Para. 11 18 ) An uplifting note An uplifting note makes both the makes both the receiver and the receiver and the sender feel good. sender feel good. Conclusion (Para. 19) 语语 法法 训训 练练 Because I was a teenager (being paid the grand total of 15 cents a column inch), his words couldnt have been more inspiring. (Line 5)(Line 5) “could 的否定式 + 形容词或副词的比较级”起强 调作用。利用否定结构进行强调是英语中经常使 用的修辞手段。“His words couldnt have been more inspiring” means “his words were very inspiring”。 译译 文文 I couldnt be happier. （=I am very happy indeed and cannot imagine being happier than I am now.） I couldnt have been happier. (=I was very happy indeed.) ExampleExample 我非常同意你的意见！ I couldnt agree with you more. 他最喜欢的就是和男孩子 们一起去钓鱼。 He enjoys nothing better than to go fishing with the boys. 这儿发送电子邮件很方便。 Sending Sending an an E-mail E-mail here here cant cant be more convenientbe more convenient. . 当她女儿失去 时，她非常伤心。 She She couldnt couldnt have have been been saddersadder when when she she lost lost her her daughter. daughter. ExampleExample 译译 文文 当时我只是一个十几岁的小伙子（为专栏写一 英寸文字总计得稿酬15美分），因此他的话非 常令人鼓舞。 Because I was a teenager (being paid the grand total of 15 cents a column inch), his words couldnt have been more inspiring. (Line 5)(Line 5) Whenever Whenever I I doubteddoubted I I had had the the right right stuff stuff to to be be a a writer, writer, I I would would reread reread Dons Dons note note and and feel feel confident again.confident again. (Line (Line ) ) 语语 法法 训训 练练 doubt v. 1.怀疑，不信； 2. 拿不准，认为 未必可能 译译 文文 在否定句中，doubt之后接that从句；在肯定 句中，doubt 之后一般接if/whether 从句。当 doubt 表示“认为未必可能”这一意义时后 面接 that 从句。“doubt” 在本句中意为“认为 未必可能”。 例如： 1. I doubt that John will come. 依我看，约翰恐怕不会来。 2. I doubt that she was invited. 我看她未必受到了邀请。 ExampleExample 他们非常怀疑这封信是否存 在过。 They seriously doubted whether the letter had ever existed. 我开始对能否避开警察产生重大怀疑。 I began to seriously doubt that it would be possible to elude the police. 我肯定他会来的。 I I dont dont doubt that hell come. that hell come. 请用适当的连词填空。ExerciseExercise I doubt strongly _ we will make a profit of it. 我很怀疑我们能否从中获利。 if/whether I dont doubt _ he truly I dont doubt _ he truly loved her.loved her. 我不怀疑他真心爱她。我不怀疑他真心爱她。 thatthat The husband doubted _ the old lady was a The husband doubted _ the old lady was a messenger from heaven.messenger from heaven. 丈夫觉得这位老太太不像是上帝的信使。丈夫觉得这位老太太不像是上帝的信使。 thatthat 译译 文文 每当我感觉自己没有作家应有的素质时，我就 会再次阅读Don给我的便条，这会使我再次自信 起来。 Whenever Whenever I I doubteddoubted I I had had the the right right stuff stuff to to be be a a writer, writer, I I would would reread reread Dons Dons note note and and feel feel confident again.confident again. (Line (Line ) ) 句句 子子 分分 析析 句子的主语为：Even Even top top corporate corporate managersmanagers； 谓语部分是have have begun begun to to learn learn the the lesson lesson and and earn earn the the benefitsbenefits . . WhoWho引导的非限定性定语从句 补充说明top top corporate corporate managers managers，其中 leadershipleadership的定语是由thatthat引导的从句。 译译 文文 Even top corporate Even top corporate managersmanagers, , who who have mostly have mostly affected styles of leadership affected styles of leadership thatthat can be can be characterized only as tough, cold and aloof, have characterized only as tough, cold and aloof, have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits,begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits, of writing notes of writing notes thatthat lift people up. lift people up. (Line 35)(Line 35) 句子分析句子分析 affected adj. (贬) 假装的，做作的： an affected smile 假笑 affected indifference 装出一副漠不关心的样子 to be characterized as： 相当于to be described as; having.as their main characters，意为“具有某种特征”。 ExampleExample 重视考试是那里教育制度的特点。 The education approach there The education approach there is characterized byis characterized by an emphasis on success in exams. an emphasis on success in exams. 长颈鹿以其长颈为特征。 The giraffeThe giraffe is characterized is characterized byby its very long neck. its very long neck. 他是一个很讲原则的人。 He He is characterized asis characterized as a man of principles. a man of principles. lift someone uplift someone up：鼓舞某人。鼓舞某人。 lift uplift up: : 提起，举起，拿出；激励，鼓舞提起，举起，拿出；激励，鼓舞 他的到来使他们每个人都感到振奋。 His arrival His arrival lifted them all uplifted them all up. . 他的鼓励让我们深受鼓舞。 His encouraging remarksHis encouraging remarks lifted us uplifted us up. . ExampleExample 约翰拿起箱子就从屋子里冲了出去。 John John lifted lifted the the suitcase suitcase upup and and rushed rushed out out of of the the room.room. 你如果把椅 子抬起来， 我就把它下 面的地毯清 扫一下。 If If you you lift lift up up the the chairchair, , Ill Ill clean clean the the carpet carpet underneath it. underneath it. ExampleExample 译译 文文 那些通常做作的公司高层经理们，其领导作风 只能被形容为强硬、冷漠、脱离群众, 这些人 也开始学习写便笺去鼓舞人心，且从中获益匪 浅。 Even top corporate Even top corporate managers,managers, who who have mostly have mostly affected styles of leadership affected styles of leadership thatthat can becan be characterized only as tough, cold and aloof, characterized only as tough, cold and aloof, have have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits,begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits, of writing notes of writing notes thatthat lift people up. lift people up. (Line 35)(Line 35) Acknowledging some success or good fortune Acknowledging some success or good fortune that has happened during the year seems that has happened during the year seems particularly appropriate particularly appropriate consideringconsidering the spirit the spirit of the Christmas season.of the Christmas season. (Line71)(Line71) 语语 法法 训训 练练 ConsideringConsidering: : prep.prep. 考虑到，鉴于。 译译 文文 ExampleExample 就对方的实力而论，我们能进两 个球就很不错了。 Considering the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals. 他学得很少，就此而言，他考得不错了。 He did very well in his exams considering that he had studied so little. 考虑到他最近所遇到的问题，几乎无法期望他能在这 场比赛中获胜。 Considering the the problems problems hes hes had, had, there there can can be be little expectation of his winning the match. little expectation of his winning the match. 译译 文文 鉴于圣诞节的氛围，就一 年来所取得的成功与得到 的好运特意表示谢忱似乎 是最恰到好处的。 Acknowledging some success or good fortune Acknowledging some success or good fortune that has happened during the year seems that has happened during the year seems particularly appropriate particularly appropriate consideringconsidering the spirit the spirit of the Christmas season.of the Christmas season. (Line71)(Line71) intrigue (v.) (Line2, Para1) 1) interest someone; make someone curious 激起的兴兴趣或好奇心，迷住 Mr. Johnsons legendary experiences in the Middle Mr. Johnsons legendary experiences in the Middle East East intrigued his friendsintrigued his friends. . 约翰逊先生在中东的传奇经历引起了他的朋友的兴趣。 TranslationTranslation Hes always been intrigued by legendary stories. 他对传奇故事一向很感兴趣。 Mr. Johnsons friends were intriguedMr. Johnsons friends were intrigued by his by his legendary experiences in the Middle East.legendary experiences in the Middle East. 2) make and carry out secret plans or plots （阴谋；诡计） 耍阴谋谋；使诡计诡计 请完成下面的句子。ExerciseExercise _ is very common among those criminals. 彼此之间阴谋陷害在那些罪犯中间非常普遍。 _ against the head of that village. 他正与自己的追随者密谋来对付那个村落的首领。 He was intriguing with his followers Intriguing against each other inspiring (adj.) (Line 7, Para. 2) making one feel enthusiastic or excited about something 激励或鼓舞人心的 请完成下面的句子。ExerciseExercise Brazilian Ronaldinho is _ _. 巴西人罗纳尔迪尼奥是一位有着天赋和激情的足 球运动员。 Ding Junhui is _ to young Chinese snooker players. 对于年轻的中国斯诺克台球运动员来说，丁俊晖就 是一个鼓舞人心的榜样。 an inspiring example a talented and inspiring football star 动词动词 形式： inspire (v.) put uplifting thoughts, feelings, or aims into 激励；鼓励 His mothers words His mothers words inspired inspired confidenceconfidence in himin him. . 母亲的话让他信心倍增。 TranslationTranslation 名词词形式： inspiration 1) person or thing that inspires 激励或鼓励的人或物 Her mother was Her mother was a constant a constant inspirationinspiration to her. to her. 她的母亲经常鼓励她。 TranslationTranslation 名词词形式： inspiration 2) influence(s) arousing creative activity in literature, music, art, etc. 灵感 Many painters tend to draw their Many painters tend to draw their inspirationinspiration from nature. from nature. 很多画家容易从自然界得到灵感。 TranslationTranslation 课课文中出现现的其他的同义义表达: spirit-lifting (line 15, Para. 4) adj. inspiring 鼓舞精神的 uplifting (line 17, Para. 5) 鼓舞人心的 upbeat (line 21, Para. 6) adj. optimistic; cheerful 乐观乐观 的；欢乐欢乐 的 make a habit of (Line 10, Para.3) form, develop the habit of 形成/养成的习惯习惯 His brother His brother doesnt make a doesnt make a habit ofhabit of chatting with the strangers online. chatting with the strangers online. 他哥哥没有在网上和陌生人聊 天的习惯。 TranslationTranslation College students are supposed to make a habit of arranging the expenses reasonably. 大学生们应该养成合理安排开支的习惯。 同义短语同义短语 fall/get into the habit of; be in the habit of/have a (the) habit of 养成某种癖好/习惯习惯 get out of thehabit of doing sth. 改掉做的习惯习惯 do sth. by/out of habit 出于习惯习惯 ，潜意识识地 attach importance to (Line 25, Para. 7) believe that something is important 认为认为 重要；重视视 Students should Students should attach primary attach primary importance toimportance to their study. their study. 学生应该把学习放在第一位。 TranslationTranslation 请完成下面的句子。ExerciseExercise 很多偏远村庄已经把发展地方经济放在了第一位。 Many remote villages have already _ _ _. Many scholars point out that entertainers should also _. 很多学者指出演艺人士也应该重视自身教育。 attach importance to their education attached primary importance to the development of the local economy virtually (adv.) (Line 30, Para. 8) almost；in every important aspect 几乎；差不多; 实际实际 上；事实实上 Its Its virtuallyvirtually impossible to impossible to convince him to give up smoking. convince him to give up smoking. 让他不抽烟几乎是不可能的。 TranslationTranslation Virtually all the actors in that movie have once cooperated with famous director Chen Kaige. 那部电影中几乎所有的演员都曾和著名导演陈凯歌 合作过。 他的书差不多已经写完了。 His book has His book has virtuallyvirtually finished. finished. 超级女生几乎已经成了人们心中的超级明星。 Super Super Girls Girls have have virtuallyvirtually become become the the super super stars in peoples mind. stars in peoples mind. TranslationTranslation 形容词词形式： virtual 事实实上的，实际实际 上的， 世界各国政府几乎没有做什么工作去对付核事故 危险。 The worlds governments have done _ The worlds governments have done _ nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents. nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents. (1995. 01. CET 6)(1995. 01. CET 6) 答案应为C) virtually 几乎，差不多；vitally 生死攸关 地，极其重要地；identically 相同地；inherently 天生 地，固有地 A)A) inherently B) vitally inherently B) vitally C) virtually D) identically C) virtually D) identically 往年考题往年考题 译文译文 解析解析 C characterize (v.) (Line 36, Para. 9) (BrE characterise) (formal) describe someone or something as把某人（某事）的特 点描述成或刻画成 请完成下面的句子。ExerciseExercise The novelist _ romantic, sentimental and passionate. 这位小说家把女主人公刻画成一位浪漫、多愁善感 而又多情的人。 World champion Zhang Yining _ the successor of table tennis queen Wang Nan. 世界冠军张怡宁被称为是乒乓球女皇王楠的接班人。 is characterized as characterizes his heroine as 相关词语相关词语 character n. (事物的)特性， 性质质，特征(的总总和); (人的)品 质质，性格，特征，人物；字符 characteristic adj. 特有的，表示特征的，典型的 n. 特性，特征 credit (vt.) (Line 38, Para. 9) 1) to accept that (someone) has (a quality) or is responsible for (an action); give credit to把归归于; 认为认为 有（某种优优点或成就等）。 常用结结构为为be credited with/for doing sth. 能够让公司起死回生（摆脱破产的危机），能够让公司起死回生（摆脱破产的危机），他功他功 不可没不可没。 He is credited with having saved the company from bankruptcy. TranslationTranslation TranslationTranslation Volleyball coach Chen Zhonghe is largely credited for directing the Chinese womens national team to win the gold medal of the 2004 Olympic Games. 中国女排夺得04年奥运会冠军在很大程度上 是教练陈忠和的功劳。 v.t. 2) believe; have or put trust in 相信；信赖赖 3）put an amount of money in an account 把（钱钱）存入（帐户帐户 ） Do you really credit the governments statement? 你真的你真的相信相信政府的声明吗？政府的声明吗？ Please credit 1000 dollars to my account. 请请在我的帐户上存在我的帐户上存一千美金 一千美金 TranslationTranslation n. 1) 相信；信托；信用（制度）e.g. credit card 信用卡 2) 信用；信誉 e.g. credit loan 信用借贷 3) 学分 turn(a)round (Line 38, Para. 9) 1) improve after failure; change for the better使向好的方向发展 请完成下面的句子。ExerciseExercise Im sure that he is able to _ within two years. 我确信他有能力在两年内让那家公司扭亏为盈。 turn the company round _ needs the common efforts of the international community. 扭转伊拉克的国内安全局面需要国际社会的共同努 力。 Turning Iraqi national security around 2) (cause to) face about; turn about 使（回头）；向后转 She She turned roundturned round and waved to say goodbye. and waved to say goodbye. 她转过身挥手道别。 TranslationTranslation 他们跑得太远了，所以不得不调转车头回到最后面 的那幢房子。 Theyve come on so far that they have to turn the car round and go back to the last house. spontaneous (adj.) (Line 61, Para. 15) happening naturally without outside influence or force 自发发的； 自然产产生的 TranslationTranslation 我们的公司我们的公司自愿提供了帮助自愿提供了帮助。 Our company made a spontaneous offer of help. 李敖先生的演讲结束后，听众李敖先生的演讲结束后，听众自发自发 地报以掌声地报以掌声。 There was There was spontaneous applausespontaneous applause at at the end of Mr. Li the end of Mr. Li AosAos speech. speech. 派生词词： spontaneously (adv.) acknowledge (vt.) (Line 71, Para. 17) 1) express thanks for 表示感谢谢 TranslationTranslation We must not fail to acknowledge his financial support to our project. 我们必须我们必须感谢感谢他对于我们项目所提供的财政支持他对于我们项目所提供的财政支持 。 那位老人希望对您全家所提供的帮助那位老人希望对您全家所提供的帮助表示感谢表示感谢。 That old man wished to acknowledge the assistance offered by your family. 2) agree or admit the truth of; confess 承认；供认 He refused to He refused to acknowledgeacknowledge his defeat (that he his defeat (that he was defeated).was defeated). 他拒绝承认失败。 TranslationTranslation 必须承认韩剧越来越受到中国年轻人的欢迎。 It is acknowledged that the South Korean TV series are becoming more and more popular among Chinese youngsters. 名词词形式：acknowledgement act of acknowledging 答谢谢；承认认 这些花是对您的恩惠这些花是对您的恩惠略表谢意的略表谢意的。 The flowers are a small acknowledgement of your great kindness. TranslationTranslation 我们送上少量的钱来表达对您无私帮助的谢意。 We are sending you a small amount of money in acknowledgement of your selfless help. Keep up the good work. The paper was flooded with calls and letters from people. Not surprisingly, he had a body of friends as big as Lake Erie. 再接再厉。 人们打来的电话与寄来的悼函像潮水般涌向报社。 难怪他的朋友圈子像伊利湖那么大。 The drawback with phone calls is that they dont last. 打电话的缺点是说过的话留不住。 Our words can be read more than once, savored and treasured. Who around you deserves a note of thanks or approval? 我们写下的文字可以反复阅读，细细品味并珍藏 起来。 你周围有谁值得你写便条 表示感谢或鼓励呢？ If you need a reason, look for a milestone, the anniversary or a special event you shared, or a birthday or holiday. 如果你需要一个理由，就找 一个有重要意义的日子，例 如你们共同经历的某个特殊 事件的周年纪念，生日或者 节日。 Be generous with your praise. 不要吝啬你的赞美之言。 处理英语长句的翻译技巧处理英语长句的翻译技巧 顺译分段法顺译分段法 处理英语长句的翻译技巧 （一）顺译分段法 顺译分段法，故名思义，即基本 上按照英语句子的语序把英语长句化 整为零。根据对原文分析的结果，在 语句的连接处，如关联词语处，并列 或转折处，后续成份与主体连接处等 地方，按意群将长句断开后译成若干 汉语分句。 In reading, we appear to enter into a world of imagination, a few people seek refuge from reality in this and always prefer it to the world of everyday, but they are missing the full significance if they do so. 读书时，我们进入了一个 想象的世界，一些人在那个世 界中寻求现实的避难所，并总 以为那个世界比现实世界好， 但是，他们如果这样做的话， 就失去了读书的全部意义。 The electronic notebook will serve as memo files in which the scientist records thoughts for preservation, descriptions of experiments, drafts of reports, quotations and other materials extracted from other electronic files, and other types of information that would now be put in paper notebooks and other types of paper files. 电子笔记本可以作为具有备忘录性质的文件存储器，科学家 可在其中记录下想要保存的想法、实验的描述、报告的初稿、从 别的电子文件存储器中摘取的引文和其他资料，还可录入目前记 载在纸质记录本或者以其他纸质文档形式存贮的任何其他类型信 息。 We sincerely hope that your congratulations wi