英语四级部分翻译题攻略.ppt

浅谈四级翻译题攻略 曹 军 一、题型概述 v 四级翻译部分为汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题 ，句长为15-30词，句中的一部分已用英文给出， 考生需根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语，考试时 间5分钟。 翻译题重点考察考生对语法结构及常用 英语表达习惯的掌握情况。若考生语法功底较好且 句型和词组储备丰富，那么此题不会太为难。和作 文相比，翻译虽只是个把 句子，但来路不明难以猜 测。作文尚可背诵模板以备执笔急需之用，而翻译 则全无，它微小零星却锋利难防，并将考生模板式 作文的画皮扯下，暴露其撰句能力的真 实面目，所 以令人可畏。 二、重要考点及建议 v 根据近几年的翻译真题来看，针对某项语法重复考察率比较高，所以对曾 经考察过的语法点依然不可松懈。下面所提一些重点语法项目，并提出一些建议 ，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。 v（1）句型以及其倒装使用 v2008年6月翻译真题第91题： v_（直到他完成使命）did he realize that he was seriously ill. (Key：Not until he accomplished / finished the mission ) v建议：以此类推，掌握如下常用句型（以倒装方式给出） vNot only but also So ( Such )that vNot until. Neithernor vHardly when No sooner than. vOnly by /through /in ., v例：Not only _ (他向我收费过高)but he didnt do a good repair. （ key：did he charge me too much） v（2）从句 va. 定语从句 v2008年12月翻译真题第87题： vMedical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _(他们至今还没有答案) （Key :which/that they havent found answers to） vb. 状语从句 v真题中出现过如if 条件状语从句（2007 年6月第 91题），no matter引导的让步状语从句（2007年12月第89题和2008年6 月第89题） v建议：关于定语从句，到目前为止所考察的均为关系代词 which/ that等所引导的，所以考生需额外留意关系副词 where/ when/how 所引导的定语从句。对于状语从句，继续 复习如时间状语从句，方式状语从句，因果状语从句等其他 类状语从句。除却定语从句，状语从句外，名词性从句也需 加 强，如宾语从句（特别注意wish/ would rather 引导的宾语 从句中虚拟样式），表语从句，同位语从句甚至主语从句。 v（3）非谓语动词 va. 分词做伴随状语 v2008年6月第90题： v_(与我成长的地方相比) this town is more prosperous and exciting. (key : Compared with the place where I grew up) v注意，答案中除过去分词（compared with ）做伴随外，还含有where 引导的定语从句。 vb. 动词不定式做目的状语 v2006年6月第88题 v_(为了挣钱供我上学)，Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. (Key : to support my university studies ) v建议：由于非谓语动词除分词和动词不定式外，还包括动名词，但尚未 考察过，所以考生有必要预备非谓语动词之“动名词”情况。 v（4）其他类语法如：虚拟语气，比较级 v（5）常用词组：尤其是动介词组，如adapt to ., have trouble doing ， be likely to do. , attribute to等类 似样式。 v 作文是表达自己，可以随心所愿，而翻译是表达别人， 被动且受制。学习翻译，尝试放下过分的自我，顺服接受， 反而会行得更容易些。 新题型翻译专项练习 v1:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: What upset me was _.(不是他所说的话，而是他说话 的方式)。 v2: In the conference, the mayor _(反复强调了)the importance of environmental protection. v3: He is opposed to the plan for the simple reason _(这个计划目前暂 不可行). v4: _(还要多长时间)before you graduate from college. v5: He is such a stubborn boy that _(劝他不要沉迷于电脑游戏 没有用). v v2:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: _(不管是什么种族，宗教信仰), we are all equal. v2: John obeyed his wife _(惟恐她发脾气). v3: Its the first time she came to Beijing; _(难怪她充满着好奇). v4: Many of those who violate the laws never think of themselves as lawbreakers, _(更不用说犯罪分子了). v5: John is not well-grounded in mathematics, but he _(取得了难以置信的进步). v v1:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: not what he said, but the way he spoke v2: hammered in/repeatedly strengthened v3: that the program is currently/at the time being not practical/feasible v4: How long will it take v5: its useless to advise him not to be addicted to computer games v 2:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: Regardless of race and religious belief v2: for fear of making her angry v3: no wonder that he was filled with curiosity v4: let alone the criminals v5: has made incredible progress v v3:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: He felt excited at _(一直想他的童年) in the countryside. v2: On the whole, _(很少有人不抱怨自己的工作单调乏 味的). However, they will feel more bored if they dont work. v3: I _(对他的请求不好拒绝), for whenever I asked him for help, he had always obliged. v4: The production of the auto factory is _(逐步增长). v5: It is strange that _(他昨天居然什么也没 说就走了). v v4:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: _(我刚刚到家) than the telephone rang. v2:The old man regretted _(一事无成) in his life. v3:_(他五十多岁), but he looks younger than his age. v4:Many big cities in the world _(正面临淡水资源短缺). v5:He said nothing, leaving me _ (对他的计划毫不知情). v v3:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: the memory of his childhood v2: few people dont/ most people complain that their work is tedious/dull/boring v3: cant very well refuse his requests v4: on the rise gradually v5: he left unexpectedly even without telling anything v v4:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: I had no sooner arrived home/No sooner had I arrived home v2: that he had achieved nothing v3: He is in his fifties v4: are facing the problem of shortage of fresh water resource v5: at a loss/in the dark about his plan v5:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: How I even you! _(要是我也能像你一样去一 趟巴黎该多好)！ v2: Id rather read books in the library _(也不愿上课). v3:Our aim is to _(全心全意为人民服务). v4:Id like to _(借此机会) to express my heartfelt thanks for your help. v5:The court ruling _(剥夺了他的政治权利). v v6:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: The truck driver is _(对这起交通事故负全责). v2:In the court, the defendant _(声称自己是清白的). v3:Unemployed, John _(几乎无法维持生计). v4:_(在任何情况下，中国都不首先) use nuclear weapons. v5:_(要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first. v v5:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: If only I could have the chance to visit Paris like you v2: than to have classes v3: serve the people heart and soul v4: take this chance/opportunity v5: deprived him of his political rights v v6:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: to take/hold full responsibility for the accident v2: claimed his innocence v3: could hardly make both ends meet v4: Under no circumstance will China first v5: To get/win respect from others v7:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: I have promised Jane that I shall play the violin at the party, but _(我已经好久没有练习了). v2:The professor advised the students to _(读更多有教 育意义的书). v3:Mrs. Smith shut the windows lest _(外面的噪音会影响 她儿子的睡眠). v4:_(他被眼前的情景吓得) that she could not speak a word for several minutes. v5:I would rather go to the park _(也不愿意呆在房间 里无所事事). v v8:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1:I could see a car in the distance, but _(我无法看清它是什 么颜色). v2:_(众所周知), learning English is no easy job. v3:John regretted very much _(对老板说了不该说的话). v4:He seems poor, but _(我们都怀疑他很有钱). v5:Its essential to build up your confidence _(如果你想在一生中 有所成就的话). v v7:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: havent practiced it for a long time v2: read more instructive books v3: the noise outside might affect her sons sleep v4: He was so terrified by what he saw v5: than stay in the house with nothing to do v v8:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: could not distinguish its color v2: Its known to all v3: that he said something wrong to his boss v4: we all suspected that he was rich v5: if you want to achieve something/to get somewhere in you life/ v v9:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: To our surprise, his casual remark _(竟然引起了一场政治 风暴). v2:Persistence is supposed to be _(一个人成功的关键). v3:_(为了培养我们的动手能力), our mother made sure that we did share in keeping the house. v4:_(考虑到他没有经验), he has done a good job. v5:Jane had learned to rely on herself at an early age, and she _(鼓励女儿也这样做). v v10:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1:The substance does not dissolve in water _(不管是否加 热). v2:Not only _(他向我收费太高), but he didnt do a good repair job either. v3:Your losses in trade this year are nothing _(与我的相比). v4:On average, it is said, visitors spend only _(一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London. v5:By contrast, American mothers were more likely _(把孩子的成 功归因于) natural talent. v v9:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: initiated/started a big political storm v2: the key to ones success v3: To cultivate/develop our practical skills v4: Considering his inexperience v5: encouraged her daughter to follow her footsteps/do the same v v10:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: whether heated or not v2: did he overcharge me/charge me too much v3: compared/in comparison with mine v4: half as much (money) v5: to attribute the success of their children/their childrens success to v11:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: _（考虑到他身体不好）, Hes done a good job. v2: Woman _（不准进入寺庙）. v3: _（民主受到威胁）, the reforms deserve all the support they can get. v4: The scheme _（付诸实施要付出很大的代价 ）. v5: The news _（通过口信传递）. v v12:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1:We had to resign ourselves on _(销售中造成的损 失). v2:If the day turns out wet, _(我们就得改变计划). v3:He always listens to the radio _(在开车上班时). v4:The old professor usually _(写得又好又切题). v5:_(不管你采用什么方式), itll take you at least two days. v v11:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: Given his poor health v2: are excluded from the temple v3: With democracy itself under threat v4: would be very expensive to carry out v5: was passed on by word of mouth v v12:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: making a loss on the sale v2: we may have to change our plans v3: while driving to work v4: writes well and to the point v5: However you travel v v13:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1:The young woman described to the policemen _(那个青年是如何跑 到她跟前抢走她手中提包的). v2:If you go on spending money like this, _(你一个月就会身无分文), my friend said to me the other day. v3:Although he studied economics at university, _(但是他毕生的兴趣是政 治和哲学). v4:The scientist will show the audience _(机器人能为家庭做什么). v5:_(药物开始起作用) one hour after the child took it. v v14:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1:The security council _(由五位将军和四位警官组成). v2:Only by rewarding success _(才能激励职员). v3:In the United States, private cars are _(必需品，而不是奢侈品). v4: We are literally crawling. _(前面肯定是出交通事故了). v5:Everyone thinks that the new member is _(对球队的有益补充). v v13:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: the way the man ran up to her and grabbed the bag from her hand v2: you will find yourself penniless in a month v3: politics and philosophy had been his lifelong passions v4: what a tale-operated robot can do for a family v5: The medicine began to work v v14:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: consists of five generals and four police officers v2: can you bring out the best in your employee v3: an absolute necessity rather than a luxury v4: There must be some traffic accident ahead v5: a valuable addition to the football team v15:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1:I used to hate jogging _(但现在我渐渐喜欢它了). v2:_(随着年龄的增加), it seems she was coming to understand it better. v3:The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, _(而是因为无知) v4:In your rsum youve mentioned everything _(惟独重 要的一点你没说). v5:The road being wet and slippery after the heavy rain, _(所以 我开车非常小心). v v16:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1:When the officer gave the command, _(士兵就立刻开 火了). v2:_(只要人们继续买自行车), well keep turning them out. v3:She was so lost in study _(以至于忘记吃饭). v4:These computer games _(对学习者来说既 能娱乐，也能使其受教育). v5:Jenny opened the door quietly, _(由于害怕吵醒孩子). v v15:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: but Im actually growing to like it now v2: As she grows older v3: but by simple ignorance v4: but one vital point v5: so I drove very carefully v v16:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: the soldiers opened fire v2: As long as people keep buying bikes v3: that she forgot to have dinner v4: entertain as well as educate the learner v5: afraid of waking the baby up v17:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1:A radio transmitter _(最好设在离城市比较近的地方). v2:_(Mary停止与Henry联系) after the death of her mother. v3:The rough surface of the basketball _(有助于球员控球). v4:_(再迟到一次), and youre fired. v5:Bring the flowers into a warm room, _(不久就会开放). v v18:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1:Please sit down for a moment, _(我去告诉经理你来了). v2:She is determined not to give in _(直到他们给她涨工资). v3:I got to the theater _(却发现票忘在家里了). v4:_(他们花了很长时间商谈增长工资), only to get fired. v5: Why argue with him any more?_(他已经下定决心不办这 项任务). v v17:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: is best located at an isolated place far from cities v2: Mary stopped corresponding with Henry v3: helps players grip the ball v4: Arrive late once more v5: and theyll soon open v v18:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: and Ill tell the manager youre here v2: until they give her a pay rise v3: only to find that I had left the ticket at home v4: They spent a lot of time negotiating for a pay increase v5: Hes made up his mind not to undertake this task v v19:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1:The cost of electricity is likely to _(受到汽油价格上升的 严重影响). v2:They had run out of water_(当他们到达营地的时候). v3:The father_(不知道这个男孩的秘密). v4:During his stay in the countryside, _(他学会了吸烟). v5:I passed him a large glass of whisky, _(他立刻就喝了). v v20:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: The plane crashed into the mountainside, _(机上无人生还). v2:He exploded: “_(为什么不早点告诉我)?” v3:Every morning, the policeman on duty_(会看见成千上万 辆车驶过). v4:The fireman _(从窗户跳进房间). v5:Application papers_(可以通过电子邮件发送). v19:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: be seriously affected by the rise in gas price v2: by the time they got to the camp v3: was ignorant of the boys secret v4: he took to smoking v5: which he drank immediately v v20:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: killing all aboard v2: why didnt you tell me earlier v3: will see thousands of cars flash by v4: sprang through the window into the room v5: may be sent via e-mail v21:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: Mothers who spoil their children often _(睁一只眼闭一只眼) the faults of their children. v2:After his company failed, _(他决定在保险业方面碰碰运气). v3:It may be hard for a person _(适应经济地位的变化) if his self-esteem is derived mostly from a career or an income. v4:_(他把自己奉献于社区工作) and is passionate about what he is doing. v5:_(如果你设法与Smith先生取得联系) the problem will be solved easily because he is an expert in this field. v v22:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: The advisor forgave him for mixing the two chemicals together; _(毕竟他是想帮导师做事). v2:_(他原以为一切都得得心应手), but, in fact, the result of the experiment turned out to be controversial. v3:Man should not exploit the natural resources _(以牺牲其他物种为代价). v4:The problem lies in how people look at those students _(专心追求知识的 ). v5:On Childrens Day, kids _(有资格免费进入) to all the city parks. v v21:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: turn a blind eye to v2: he decided to try his luck in insurance industry v3: to be used/accustomed to the changes in his economic status v4: He devotes himself to the community v5: If you manage to get in touch with Mr. Smith v v22:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: After all he tried to help his tutor v2: He thought everything would be OK v3: at the cost of sacrificing/loss of other species v4: who are knowledge-oriented/absorbed in acquiring knowledge v5: are entitled to free admissions v23:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor _(把此归因于她坚强的毅力和 对未来的信念). v2:If Jim is not in the classroom, _(那他就在图书馆). v3:Ill see you again next month, but in the meantime, _(让我们保持联系). v4:I knew nobody at all on my first day there and _(我感到很不适应). v5:The restaurant next door serves good food, but the one across the street is much better _(就服务而言). v v24:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: Animal experiments will continue to be necessary to resolve existing medical problems _(尽管一些人公开反对). v2: _(为公正起见), we decided to use two different methods to test the students English ability. v3:If you go on wasting your money like this, _(你最终将会陷入债务之中). v4:The mistake must have been man-made, for a machine can only operate on the instruction _(而不能随心所欲). v5: _(他不顾自己身有残疾). He has been dedicated to improving the medical care in the community. v v23:Part VI Translation: (5 minutes) v1: attributed it to her great stoicism/willpower/perseverance and firm belief in the fu