必修一2至六模块教案.doc

2module1. ntelligence(n)智商low/high intelligencepoor intelligence2. patient (adj)(1) be patient with sb对某人有耐心a teacher shoude be patient with students(2)be patient of sth忍耐某事he was patient of hardships他能忍受苦难 patient (n)病人(c) patience (u)耐心 have patience with sb3. seriously(adv)take sb/sth seriously 认真对待某人，某事you cant take her promises seriously她答应的事不必当真4. strictbe strict with sb 对某人严格 be strict in sth对某事严格eg; The teacher is very strict with his students.My father is strict in his work.5. avoid+n/doingEg I can not avoid seeing her.It is hard to avoid mistakes.6. appreciate(1) 欣赏，重视he appreciates your talents.they dont know how to appreciate him or his work.(2) 感谢，其宾语通常是人做的事而并非人本身I appreciate your having saved my sons life.I really appreciate your help.(3)appreciate it if/when 如果。我将不胜感激I would appreciate it if/when you come to help me.7.admit 承认(事实，过失等)，(场所等)可容纳admit+n承认Admit doing/(that)承认做了.Admit .into/to.准许进入场所/入学1)He admitted his mistake.2)Will you admit breaking the window?=Will you admit (that.)you have broken the window?你承不承认你打破窗户？3)She open the door and admitted the guests into the house.她打开门让客人进入房子。4)Only one hundred boys are admitted to/into the school every year.每年只有一百名男孩获准入学。5)This hall admits 1200 people.8 respect (1)v 尊敬，尊重I respect him a lot.(2)respect sb for sth I respect you for your honesty.(3)(n)show /have respect for sb 尊敬某人The young should show respect for the old.（4）in respect of /to 关于就 而言in respect of your words, there is nothing more that we can say. phrases1. make sure of sthto do 宾语从句youd better go there to make sure the time of meeting.你最好去那儿弄清会议的时间make sure to turn off the lights before you go out I will go back to make sure that all the windows are closed.2.as a result 结果as a result of =because of 原因he didnt work hard; as a result , he failed his exam.he failed his exam as a result of his carelessness3.in fact =as a matter of fact4.fall asleep 入睡表动作其后不能接时间段be asleep 入睡表状态可接时间段he has been asleep for three hours.5so that1） 引导结果状语从句时，多用逗号与主句隔开。eg.John spoke through a microphone so that he was heard in every room.2).引导目的状语从句，从句中谓语部分常含有情态动词can,could,may,might,will等。eg.He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.比较下面两个句子：1） He studied hard so that he could get more knowledge.（目的）2） He studied hard so that he got more knowledge.(结果)导出：sothat; such.thateg,There were so many people(=such a lot of people) in the room that we could not get in. .so+形容词或副词 Many /few +复数可数名词 that Much/little +不可数名词 形容词+a (an)+单数可数名词 Such a(an)+形容词+单数可数名词形容词+复数可数名词 that形容词+不可数名词6dare 用法：1）作为情态动词时，使用时遵循情态动词的规则：第三人称单数不加s.问句和否定句不用do或does;dare 后接不带to 的不定式。作为情态动词dare 主要用于疑问句，否定句，条件状语从句中表示怀疑的句子中eg.How dare you speak to me like this?Mr.Holmes, I dare not sleep in that room again.2).作为情态动词时，dare 不用于肯定句，但可以用于肯定句的回答中。eg.You darent go there alone at night , dare you? Yes , I dare3).如果dare 用作行为动词，使用时就要遵循行为动词的规则：第三人称加s。问句和否定句要用do或does;dare后接带to 的不定式。eg.Do you dare to say he is unfair?Who dares to catch the escaping lion?4)dare 作为行为动词用于否定句，后接不定式有时可以不带to.eg.He did not dare(to) go there alone at night.5)I dare say 我想，大概7with ：with+o+宾语补足语。(形容词，现在分词，过去分词，副词，介词短语，不定式等)1） with+o+doingLiu Bei was quite safe with Guan Yu standing behind him2)with+O+adj.He is used to sleeping with the windows open.3)with+O+adv.He went out with all the lights on.4)with+O+doneWith all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.5)with+O+介词短语He went out into the dark street with a stick in his hand6)with+O+to do With so many things to deal with, I cant go on holiday.Step3Grammar1. 动词ing形式作宾语。动词-ing形式既可以做动词的宾语又可以做介词的宾语。eg.Tom suggested going to the Great Wall.She is interested in doing chemical experiments注意：及物动词后接-ing形式作宾语有以下几种情况：1. 只能跟ing 形式不能接不定式作宾语的mind, finish. advise, avoid consider. enjoy. imagine. escape.keep.practise risk. miss. suggest. resist. appreciate. prevent.短语：put off, be worth. insist on. stick to . be busy. give up. spendin.be/get used to . look forward to. be proud of. be fond of. be interested in. feel like. be good at, be praised for, be sure of .think of ,have difficulty in. succeed in. cant help等。2. 有些动词后只能跟动词不定式作宾语，不能跟动词的-mise.plan.offer.manage.pretend.prepare.fail end 等3. 有些动词既可以跟不定式又可以跟-ing形式作宾语 continue, begin. start. stop.like.love.like.hate.prefer,remember,forget, regret,mean,require,want,need,try等1） continue to do= continue doing2） begin/start 后跟不定式和动名词，通常无差别。但在下列三种情况下，其后需要用不定式；a. 当begin/start用于进行时b. 当begin/start的主语是物时c. 当其后的动词为不可以用于进行时的表示心里活动或精神状态的动词时。3） like/love/hate/dislike/prefer后跟两种形式时候意思差别不大，但当表示通常的一种倾向或正在发生的事情时其后多跟-ing 形式，当表示一特定行为或还未发生的行为时，其后多跟to do 形式。4） want ,need,require后的动名词，主动形式表被动意思，等于其后加不定式的被动形式（want/need/require doing/to be done,需要被。）5） remember/forget /regret/try/mean/stop后跟两种形式时意思有很大差别。 Be true of .（某种情况）适用于适宜于It is true of everybody.这件事适用于每个人。The food is good and the same is true of the service.吃的东西很好，服务质量也不错Be true to sth 忠实于忠诚于He is true to his word /promise 他信守诺言。ConsiderConsider sb/sth to be 把看作Consider sb/sth as 把 当成.Consider sb/sth to have done 认为 已经发生Consider doing 考虑做Consider that 认为 . 考虑.1) We are considering _the Great Wall this Sunday.我们正在考虑周日去参观长城。2）We all consider him(to be /as)a wise leader.我们都认为他是一位英明的领导人。3）He is considered _the picture.人们认为是他偷了那幅画4）People consider that he is the best singer there.人们认为他是那里最好的歌手。必修一 Module 3 My First Ride on a Train 1. distance n. 距离，远方distant adj. 远的，疏远的，冷漠的in the distance 在远处at a distance 稍远处，隔段距离keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持距离be distant towards sb. 对某人冷漠be distant from 离远2. abandoned adj. 被遗弃的，放纵的abandon v. 抛弃，遗弃，放纵abandon oneself to be abandoned to 纵情于He abandoned himself to grief. 他不胜悲痛。3. desert / / n. 沙漠 adj. 荒芜的，不毛的desert / / v. 离开，抛弃，遗弃deserted / / adj.被遗弃的，无人居住的 He deserted his wife and children and went abroad.The village had been deserted because of the flood. 4. 词语辨析：scenery scene view sight Scenery：不可数，景色的总称，强调某个国家或地区的总体外貌。Scene:可数，某一具体的景象，多指有人物活动的场面。场景，布景，情景，现场，地点，Sight:可数，多指人工建造的景色，复数，多指名胜或者观光胜地View:可数，多指看见或者望见的景色，指从高处或者窗户看到的视野范围内的风景。 Our house has a view of the park. The flowers are a beautiful sight. They stood looking at the happy scene of children playing in the park. Each year,we spend our vocation in the mountains and enjoy the scenery.5. journey n. 旅程,旅行be on a journey 在旅行中go on a journey 去旅行have a good/pleasant journey 一路顺风词语辨析: journey/trip/travel/voyageJourney: 比较正式用语,适用范围广泛,多指较长的旅行,也可用于祝愿语中. Trip: 短期,短距离的观光旅行. Travel: 不可数名词,泛指旅行;如果指长途旅行或者海外旅行,用复数. Voyage: 航行,航海,航空,一般指陆地以外的旅行,也可用于比喻意义.I wish you a pleasant journey!He made a trip to the Great Wall yesterday. They have returned from their foreign travels.Going to college can be a voyage of self-discovery.上大学可以算作自我发现之旅. 6. frighten vt. 使吃惊，惊吓 frightened adj. 害怕的 frighten sb. (into/out of doing)吓得某人(去做/不敢做)frighten sb./sth. away/ off 将某人或某物吓跑 frighten sb. to death 把某人吓死 be frightened to death be frightened at 因听见或看见而害怕be frightened of 害怕be frightened by 被吓到 be frightened to do 不敢去做 be frightened that Dont frighten the girl. She is just a little girl. The girl is not frightened of dogs. She was frightened by the shadow of the tree.She was frightened at the sight that he was drowned.She was frightened to look down from the top floor of the building.The boy was frightened that he would get lost.Get on 上车/船,进展,相处Get on/along with 进展,与相处Get off 下车/船,动身,出发Get away from 摆脱,离开 Get around 传播Get down to 开始认真做某事Get into 上车/电梯进入,习惯于Get out of 下车/电梯 从出去, 放弃,戒除Get over 克服,痊愈Get through 通过,完成Get in touch with 与取得联系Get together 欢聚例句: Its time we got down to some serious work. 我们该认真干点正事了。 He is not an easy man to get on with. 他不好相处。She cant get over her shyness. 她克服不了羞怯感。Theres a lot of work to get through. 有很多工作要做。 He told me to get out of smoking. 他叫我戒烟。 I wont be able to get away (from the office) before 7. 我七点以前离不开Take off 脱衣服,飞机起飞,起跳,成功,成名,物价上涨,经济腾飞,休假,模仿某人Take away 拿走,夺取Take back 收回,带回Take down 记下,拿下,拆卸Take in 吸收,理解,接纳,欺骗Take on 呈现,雇佣,承担工作或者责任Take over 接管,接任Take up 拿起,从事,着手做,占据例句: Im taking the next week off.我下周要休假。This was the moment when Spielbergs career really took off.这就是斯比尔伯格事业腾飞的契机。The new dictionary has really taken off.这部新词典极受欢迎。1. supply v. 供应,供给 n. 供应品, (复数)生活必需品,日用品supply sth. to/ for sb.supply sb with sth.offer sb. sth. 为某人提供某物offer sth. to sb.offer to do Those children are not well supplied with books for studying. He offered help to me when I was in trouble.2. need 一、作情态动词 1need作情态动词无人称或数的变化， 后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。如：You neednt worry.你不必担心。 2由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to;否定答语常用neednt. 如： Need I answer the question? 我需要回答那个问题吗？ Yes, you must. /Yes, you have to.是的，你必须回答。/是的，你得回答。/No, you neednt.不，不必了。 3由must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定答语用neednt或dont have to。Must I do the work now? Yes, you must /have to. /No, you neednt /dont have to. 二、作行为动词 need 作为行为动词有人称和数的变化， 后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to 的动词不定式；可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中， Need sth. Need to do Need doing= need to be done如：She needs help. I dont need to see the doctor.Do you need to go at once? Yes, I do ./No. I dontThe TV needs mending.= the TV needs to be mended. Step 7 Discussion: Do you like travelling by air,by sea or by train? Step 8 Homework Write a composition about one of your unforgetable trip. Period 3 （1课时）Teaching content a) Grammar 1 b) functionTeaching steps Step 1 Revision Revise the important points learned in last class by translating some Chinese sentences into English.Step 2 Grammar study. 过去分词的用法:1、过去分词的基本用法：过去分词只有一种形式，也没有主动语态，它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已完成的动作。过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表语、宾语或状语等成分。过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：（1）作定语：过去分词作定语时，如果这个分词是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是分词短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后。被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语，如：The stolen car was found by the police last week.过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中. The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功. 3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号. (1)The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人. （2）作表语：过去分词作表语时，表示其逻辑主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句中的主语，如：The glass is broken.这个玻璃杯是破的。 注：过去分词作表语时，和动词的被动语态结构相似，但两者表达的意义不同，如：The glass was broken by my little brother.这个玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的。作表语用的过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词，如：crowded, devoted, discouraged, done, dressed, drunk, experienced, frightened, gone, hurt, interested, killed, known, learned, lost, pleased, satisfied, shut, surprised, tired, undressed, worried, astonished, broken, completed, covered等。（3）作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语就是其逻辑主语，如：When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves. 注：动词have后的复合宾语中，宾语补足语如为过去分词，常表示该分词所表示的动作是由别人来执行的而不是句中主语自己来执行的，如：I had my bike repaired yesterday. 昨天我（找别人）把我的自行车给修了。（4）作状语：过去分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句，该结构的逻辑主语一般都是主句的主语，是过去分词所表示意义的逻辑宾语。为了使作状语的过去分词意义更加明确，常在分词前加when, if, while, though, as等连词，如：Seen from the hill/ When seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful.; Given more time/ If given more time, we could have done it better.（we是该结构的逻辑主语，是give的逻辑宾语。）Step 3 Function Let the students read the conversation and guess what the ticket inspector wants.Step 4 Dicussion Discuss the questions in exercise 2.Step 5 language points Out of date 过时的，过期的 Up to date 最新的 Make a date for sth. 定下做某事的日期 Have a date with sb. 同某人约会 Date from=date back to 追溯到 Out of work 失业 Out of breath 气喘吁吁Out of control 失控Out of order 出故障，秩序混乱Out of reach 够不到Out of question= without doubt 不成问题，毫无疑问Out of the question = impossible 不可能，办不到的Out of patience 失去耐心 Out of shape 变形Out of place 不恰当，不合适，不适时 The book is up to date.He made a date for dinner with Jane.他和简约好了日期共进晚餐。This building dates from 1823.At a speed of 以速度At a high/low speed At full/top speedPut on speed 加速Speed up 加速4module1. expand , vi. 膨胀，伸展，扩大，评述expand on 详述，详细说明. eg:1). His company expanded into a big one.2). He expanded on his new theory.3).He expanded on his view at the meeting.2. conclusion n. conclude v. （使）结束，得出结论 Reach Draw Come to a conclusion 得出结论Arrive at In conclusion 最后，在结束时。Eg: 1)I will in conclusion say a few words about discipline.最后我简单谈论一下纪律问题。 2）We discussed the problem three or four times, but could come to no conclusion. 3). I came to / reached the conclusion that hed been lying.3. aim n. 目标，目的. V. 瞄准，对准，旨在，立志。Take aim at sb / sth. 把目标对准某人/ 某物。Aim at 瞄准，对准，旨在。Aim to do sth. 立志要做-Be aimed at 瞄准，针对。Eg: 1) Whats your study aim?My aim is to go to a key university in three years.2) My brother aims to be a writer.3) His words were aimed at us all.4）He took careful aim at the rabbit and then shot it.5) Shes aiming at a scholar ship.6) He studied hard, aiming at passing the exam.4. electrical 与电力有间接关系 electrical engineering 电力工程 Electric 用电来操纵或由电产生的。 Electric blankets / light / wire Electronic 电子的。5. equipment. U. 设备，装备。 Equip v. 安装，装备。 Be equipped with - 配备着 Eg: 1). With the development of our country, our armies are equipped well. 2) The newly built factory is equipped with modern machines.6. react vi. (化学) 反应。ReactionReact to 对- 作出反应React with 与- 产生化学反应React on / upon 对- 产生影响，反过来影响。React against 反动，其反作用。Eg: 1) As we know, the eye reacts to light. 2) Many chemical substances react with oxygen.3) Unkindness often reacts on the unkind person. 恶人往往有恶报 4）The students went on strike to react against the political system.7. balance n. 天平，秤，平衡。 V. 保持平衡，使平衡。keep ones balance 保持平衡 lose ones balance on balance / in balance 总的来说 be / hang in the balance 安危/ 成败未定 in the balance 忐忑不安的，未定的。 The future of his country is in the balance.8. add - to - 往- 加入- 1）add to = increase 增加，增添，+ O2) add up sth 把某物加起来。= add sth. togher.3) add up to = come to = total 共计，共达。9. used to否定 used not to do sth. / didnt use to do sth.疑问 used + 主+ to do ? / Did + 主 + use to do sth.? There used to be 过去曾有 Be used to do sth. Get / be used to doing sth.Eg: He was not used to Japanese food.Used to 表示过去经常发生而现在已停止的动作或存在的状态，强调现在，将来与过去对比。Would 总是，总要。表示过去的习惯，习性，倾向等，不与现在对比，常与often, sometimes, frequently, for hours等连用，不与表状态的动词连用。Eg: 1) -Do you go to work by bus?-No, but I used to.2) He will not have money to spend on books as he used to.3) When he was there, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.4) When I was a child, I would often go skating.5) She would sit there for hours doing nothing at all.10. be proud of Take pride in11. be supposed to Be supposed to do = should 应当，应该（表示本来应该，但事实上相反）Be not supposed to do 不可，不许 Eg: 1) The teachers are supposed to know a lot. 2) He is supposed to be there on time. 3) We are supposed to help each other. 4) You are not supposed to smoke here. 5) She was supposed to be reading at home, but her mother found he in the park. Suppose sb. / sth. to be - 认为-是-Suppose that clause. I suppose 做插入语。 Do you suppose 你认为（做插入语） I suppose so. 我认为如此。 I dont suppose so. 我不这样认为。= I suppose not. Suppose / supposing = if 引导条件状语从句，假定，假设。Eg: 1) Supposing (that ) it rains, can we play the match in doors?要是下雨的话，我们在室内举行比赛吗？ 2）Everyone supposes him (to be) poor, but he is (实际上他很阔)really quite wealthy.Step 2 Introduction1 Ask the students to complete the quiz in the first activity on P41 individually2 Ask the students to listen to the tape and check their answersSuggested answers: (1)a (2)a (3)a (4)a (5)b (6)b (7)b3 Put the students into pairs to complete the second activity on P41 individually and give reasons for their classification4 Ask the students to work in groups of four and compare their answers5 Call back the answers from the classSuggested answers:Air-gas-oxygen contract-expandEarth-sun-moon gas-liquid-solid6 Read the words out with the students following. Make sure they know what they mean7 Ask the students to answer the questions individually8 Ask the students to work in pairs and compare the answers9 Call back the answers from the classSuggested answers:(1)Electricity, iron, some metals and air are natural(2)Steel, some metals and glass are man-made(3)Electricity and some metals(alloys for example can be man-made and occur naturally) Step 3 Reading1. think of + n/pron/doing（1）考虑，打算，多用进行时（2）提起，记起，想到（3）评价，用于句型whatthink of?think about 考虑think over 仔细考虑think ofas 把当作think well/highly/much of看重，对评价高think little/lightly of 轻视eg: Im thinking of buying a large house We have to think of his healthThis picture makes me think of my childhoodWe all think highly of your suggestion2. putin order 把有序排列，整理in order 井然有序，情况良好out of order 杂乱的，无序的eg: All the things in the room were out of order