专题九动词的被动语态.doc

英之翼英语中心专项复习资料专题九 动词的被动语态 一定义：主语是动作的承受者二基本构成：be +过去分词 (及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语动词)注：be的4种变化（现在式am/is/are，过去式was/were，现在分词being，过去分词been）三各种时态的主动,被动语态的结构时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时Vs / Ves/V；am/is/aream/is/are +过去分词一般过去时Vd / Ved/ went；was/werewas/were +过去分词一般将来时will/shall + Vam/is/are + going to +Vwill/shall + be +过去分词am/is/are + going to + be +过去分词过去将来时would + Vwas /were + going to +Vwould + be + 过去分词was/were + going to + be +过去分词现在进行时am/is/are + Vingam/is/are + being +过去分词过去进行时was/were + Vingwas/were + being +过去分词现在完成时have/has + 过去分词have/has + been +过去分词过去完成时had + 过去分词had + been+过去分词含情态动词can/may/must/should/could/might + Vcan/may/must/should/could/might + be +过去分词四主动语态和被动语态的转换特点：主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语；主动语态中的主语变为by +主语(宾格代词)主动语态被动语态主语 + 谓语 + 宾语He wrote it.He took good care of it.宾语(主格代词) + 谓语(被动形式) + by +主语(宾格代词)It was written by him.It was taken good care of by him. (短语动词)主语 + 谓语 + 间宾 + 直宾He gave me the book.He bought me the book.间宾(主格代词) + 谓语(被动形式) + 直宾 + by +主语(宾格代词)直宾 + 谓语(被动形式) + to sb./for sb. + by +主语(宾格代词)I was given the book by him. The book was given to me by him.I was bought the book by him. The book was bought for me by him.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补He asked me to read the book.宾语(主格代词) + 谓语(被动形式) + 宾补 + by +主语(宾格代词)I was asked to read the book by him. 五谓语动词为使役动词：make或感官动词：see, observe, notice, hear 主动句中用不带to的动词充当宾补，变为被动句时，应带to He made me laugh. I was made to laugh by him.He heard me play the piano. I was heard to play the piano by him.六含被动语态常见句型结构1Its said /reported/believed/expected that +句子（据说/据报道/据信/预计）2be supposed to V (a.被认为 b.应该)3get/have sth. + 过去分词七主动形式表示被动意义的情况 (特点：物做主语)1感官型系动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel + adj2表行为的不及物动词：open, close/shut, lock, write, read, cut, peel, wash, clean, burn, drive, dry, wear, pick等3表“需要”的词：want/need/ require + doing = want/need/ require + to be done4表“值得”的词：be worth + doing八不用被动语态的情况：1.当宾语是相互代词，反身代词，不定式，动名词 2.当谓语动词是表状态的及物动词九被动语态和系表结构的区分被动语态：表示动作 系表结构：表示主语的特点，状态或性质（可用too, very, so等程度副词修饰）The gate to the garden was closed by a girl. The gate to the garden was closed at that time.The house will soon be finished. I will be finished by six.I am very surprised at your words. She was so tired that she couldnt move one step further.He is dressed in a black suit. He is married to Helen. He is lost in the woods.- 3 -单项选择1 Look! What a nice garden!Yes. It _ every day.A. is cleaned B. has been cleaned C. is being cleaned D. was cleaned2The telephone _ by Bell in 1875.A. invent B. invents C. was inventing D. was invented3 There is a lot of wind in North China. Well, more trees _ every year to stop the wind.A. must be planted B. can planted C. can plant D. should planted4The house _，so I cant move into it.A. was painted B. is painted C. is being painted D. is painting5An accident _ on this road last night.A. has happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened6Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand _very cold.A. feels B. is felt C. has felt D. has been felt7 We are not sure if it _tomorrow. If it _, our sports meeting _.A. will rain; rains；will put off B. rains; will rain; will put off C. will rain; rains; will be put off D. rains, rains; will be put off8 We want to sit at the table near the window. Im sorry, but it _ already. A. has taken B. took C. was taken D. has been taken9The film is really worth _. A. to see B. seeing C. to be seen D. to seen10It _ that Jay Zhou _ a concert in Beijing next month. A. reports; hold B. reported; hold C. is reported; will hold D. is reported; held11Everything in this room wants _. A. to be wash B. to wash C. to washed D. washing12My watch_. Dont worry. Lets go to the Lost and Found. A. is lost B. is broken C. has found D. has stopped13These days many children are made _ what they are not _.A. to do; interested in B. to do; interested C. do; interested D. do; interested in 14Chongqing is really a modern city now! Many tall buildings _ everywhere.A. cant be seen B. can see C. cant see D. can be seen15My cat will _ by my friend when Im away next month.A. be take care B. being taken care C. be taken care of D. being taken care of16 Waiter, Id like some Yangzhou Fried Rice. Sorry, sir. Yangzhou Fried Rice _ only for lunch and dinner.A. serves B. served C. is serving D. is served17This kind of food _ cool, clean and dry according to the instruction. A. should be carried B. must be kept C. should be placed D. must be put18More than thousands of people _ after the powerful earthquake happened in Wenchuan on May 12th. A. die B. were saved C. dead D. are saving19Old men here are _ well in the home for