磁流变液动压轴承设计说明书[带图纸].doc

重庆理工大学毕业论文磁流变液动压轴承设计目录摘要..............................................................IAbstract...........................................................II1磁流变液动压轴承介绍..............................................11.1磁流变液的介绍.............................................11.1.1磁流变液定义]1[....................................................................................11.1.2磁流变液的制备....................................................................................11.1.3磁流变液应用范围.................................................................................21.1.4磁流变液应满足的指标：....................................................................31.1.5磁流变液发展其前景............................................................................31.2滑动轴承简介................................................41.3磁流变液动压轴承............................................52方案设计以及选取..................................................52.1滑动轴承的分类..............................................52.2滑动轴承的选取.............................................72.3电磁场的添加................................................92.4密封方式选择...............................................112.5轴承座选取以及建模.........................................122.5.1轴承座上端..........................................................................................132.5.2轴承座下端..........................................................................................142.5.3轴瓦......................................................................................................142.5.4轴承装配图..........................................................................................153.1滑动轴承的处电磁引入.......................................163.2磁流变液的添加.............................................173.3磁流变液动压轴承原理.......................................193.3.1磁流变液添加以及电线接入..............................................................193.3.2磁流变液装载位置..............................................................................193.3.3磁流变液的密封..................................................................................204主要尺寸以及主要计算.............................................214.1轴承座的具体尺寸...........................................214.1.1轴承座上端..........................................................................................214.1.2轴承座下端..........................................................................................224.1.3轴瓦......................................................................................................244.2滑动轴承所涉及的主要计算.................................................................................244.2.1电磁场的计算......................................................................................244.2.2磁流变液粘度的计算..........................................................................254.2.3磁流变液油膜承载能力计算..............................................................255SolidWorks仿真分析..........................................................................................................265.1爆炸视图...................................................265.2仿真运动...................................................28重庆理工大学毕业论文磁流变液动压轴承设计6总结.............................................................30致谢...............................................................31参考文献...........................................................32文献综述............................................错误!未定义书签。重庆理工大学毕业论文磁流变液动压轴承设计I摘要磁流变液是可磁极化的固体微颗粒在基液中形成的悬浮液，其流变特性可由外加磁场连续控制。当不加磁场时，磁流变液表现出类似牛顿流体的行为；当外加磁场时，磁流变液中的磁性颗粒沿磁场方向排成链状，这些链状结构阻止了液体的流动，因而改变了磁流变液的流变特性，其流动表现出Bingham塑性体行为，具有粘性和塑性特性。随着磁流变液在机械应用中的不断发展，越来越多的将磁流变液运用于各种机械器件中。磁流变液在外加磁场增强的过程中，液体的粘度随之增大并最终失去流动性变为固态，此过程耗能小、可逆、能产生较大屈服应力且在豪秒级内完成。利用此一系列性能，在充分考虑磁场、温度、颗粒尺寸、壁面效应和体积浓度等诸因素对应用器件影响的基础上，可开发各种磁流变阻尼器件。由于磁流变液相变的过程在毫秒量级内完成，因此可以做成敏捷度极高的控制元件，用于联接和传递两部件之间的力或力矩。如汽车用离合器、制动器等。磁流变液动压轴承也是基于这个原理设计的。关键词：磁流变液动压轴承设计重庆理工大学毕业论文磁流变液动压轴承设计IIAbstractMagnetorheologicalfluidisamagneticpoleofthesolidparticlesinsuspension,formedinthebaseofitsrheologicalpropertiescanbemadeofcontinuouscontrolplusamagneticfield.Whenwithoutmagneticfield,themagneticrheologicalfluidshowedsimilarbehaviorofNewtonianfluid；Whenappliedmagneticfield,themagneticparticlesofmagnetorheologicalfluidalongthemagneticfielddirectioninchain,thechainstructuretopreventtheflowoftheliquid,andthuschangetherheologicalpropertiesofMRF,theflowshowtheBinghamplasticbodybehavior,viscousandplasticcharacteristics.AstheMRFinmechanicalapplicationsdevelopment,moreandmoreapplicationofMRFtovariouskindsofmechanicaldevice.Magnetorheologicalfluidintheprocessofplusenhancedmagneticfield,theliquidviscosityincreaseandeventuallyloseliquidintoasolid,theprocessenergyconsumptionofsmall,reversible,canproducealargeyieldstressandinhousefinishinsecondgrade.Usingthisseriesofperformance,infullconsiderationmagneticfield,temperature,particlesize,surfaceeffectandvolumeconcentration,etc.Variousfactorsinfluence,onthebasisoftheapplicationcomponentscandevelopallkindsofmagnetorheologicaldampingdevices.Duetomagneticrheologicalliquidphasechangeisaccomplishedwithinmillisecondlevel,soyoucanmakeithighagilitycontrolelement,isusedtojoinandtransferforceormomentbetweenthetwoparts.Suchasautomotiveclutch,brake,etc.Magnetorheologicalfluiddynamicpressurebearingisdesignedbasedonthisprinciple.Keywords:magnetorheologicalfluiddynamicpressurebearingdesign重庆理工大学毕业论文磁流变液动压轴承设计11磁流变液动压轴承介绍1.1磁流变液的介绍1.1.1磁流变液定义]1[磁流变液（MagnetorheologicalFluid,简称MR流体）属可控流体，是智能材料中研究较为多的一种材料。磁流变液一般由铁磁性易磁化颗粒、母液油和稳定剂三种物质构成。磁流变液是由高磁导率、低磁滞性的微小软磁性颗粒和非导磁性液体混合而成的悬浮体。这种悬浮体在零磁场条件下呈现出低粘度的牛顿流体特性；而在强磁场作用下，则呈现出高粘度、低流动性的Binghan体特性。由于磁流变液在磁场作用下的流变是瞬间的、可逆的、而且其流变后的剪切屈服强度与磁场强度具有稳定的对应关系，因此是一种用途广泛、性能优良的智能材料。1.1.2磁流变液的制备磁流变液一般由铁磁性易磁化颗粒、母液油和稳定剂三种物质构成。铁磁性（软磁性）固体颗粒有球状、棒状和纺锤状三种形态，密度为7～8g/cm3，其中球形颗粒的直径在0.1～500μm范围内。目前可用作磁流变液的铁磁性固体颗粒是具有较高磁化饱和强度的羰基铁粉、纯铁粉或铁合金。由于羰基铁粉饱和磁化强度为2.15特斯拉，且物性较软、具有可压缩性、材料成本低、购买方便，已成为最常用的材料之一。磁流变液的母液油（分散剂）一般是非导磁且性能良好的油，如矿物油、硅油、合成油等,它们须具有较低的零场粘度、较大范围的温度稳定性、不污染环境等特性。稳定剂用来减缓或防止磁性颗粒沉降的产生。因为磁性颗粒的比重较大，容易沉淀或离心分离，加入少量的稳定剂是必须的。磁流变液的稳定性主要受两种因素的影响：一是粒子的聚集结块，即粒子相互聚集形成很大的团；二是粒子本身的沉降，即磁性粒子随时间的沉淀。这两种因素都可以通过添加剂或表面活性剂来减缓。由超精细石英粉形成的硅胶是一种典型