2019高考英语词汇考查+题型练Unit5Thepowerofnature含解析新人教版.docx

Unit 5李仕才 一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1、Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students _(talk) over what is bothering them. 答案：to talktalk over“讨论”。分析句子结构可知act as a listening ear for fellow students to do sth.中的to do sth.是作students的宾语补足语。句意：有时我充当一个倾听者来倾听我的同学们讨论他们的烦心事。2(2015重庆，11改编)Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way _(use) the sun and the stars. 答案：usingusing the sun and the stars在句中作状语，与逻辑主语birds构成主动关系，故用现在分词。句意：像古代水手那样，鸟可以利用太阳和恒星来找到路。3(2015福建，28改编)_(learn) more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. 答案：To learn由语境可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课。4(2015福建，33改编)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared，_(combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”. 答案：combining由语境可知，infosphere与combine之间为主谓关系，故要用doing作状语。句意：近几年，一个英语单词infosphere出现了，它把“信息”与“气氛”的含义结合在一起。5(2015江苏，24改编)Much time_(spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems. 答案：spent本句为独立主格结构。逗号后为主句，逗号前为独立主格作原因状语。time与spend是被动关系，故填spent。句意：因为花费很多时间坐在桌子旁，办公室职员一般都受健康问题的困扰。（二）英汉互译1. diagram n. _ 2. volcano n. _3. volcanic adj. _4. volcanology n. _5. volcanologist n. _6. erupt vi. _7. eruption n. _8. ash n. _9. crater n. _10. lava n. _11. hurricane n. _12. questionnaire n. _13. alongside adv. prep. _14. equipment n. _15. appoint vt. _16. observatory n. _17. database n. _18. Mount Kilauea _19. evaluate vt. _20. burn to the ground _21. wave n. vi. _22. molten adj. _23. fountain vi. & vt. n. _24. absolute adj. _ 25. absolutely adv. _26. spaceman n. _27. suit n. _28. helmet n. _29. boot n. _30. make ones way _31. potential n. adj. _32. actual adj. _33. geology n. _34. Mount Etna _35. Sicily_36. sample n. _37. candidate n. _38. Mount Vesuvius _39. threat n. _40. bungalow n. _41. Pompeii_42. tornado n. _43. typhoon n. _44. thunderstorm n. _45. precious adj. _46. novelist n. _47. fog n. _48. document n. _49. rainbow n. _50. uncomfortable adj. _51. balcony n. _52. unconscious adj. _53. shoot（shot, shot） vt. _54. shot n. _ 55. tremble vi. _56. sweat n. vi. _57. anxious adj. _58. anxiety n. _59. panic (panicked, panicked) vi. & vt. n. _60. tsunami n. _61. glance through _62. Manchu adj. n. _63. vary fromto _ 64. diverse adj. _65. diversity n. _66. crane n. _67. leopard n. _68. spectacular adj. _69. bathe vi. _70. arouse vt. _71. appreciation n. _72. peak n. _73. persuasion n. _74、guarantee vt. _二、阅读理解AIf you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).Over time，this can cause serious injuries.Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy，jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary，and it may be harmful.”The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，“You dont actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldnt actually do too much”.1.The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph l is closest in meaning to“_”.A. hardB. regularC. practicalD. flexible2.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to _.A. suggest giving up joggingB. show risks of doing sportsC. provide supportive evidenceD. introduce the research process3.According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful？A. It may injure the heart and arteries.B. It can make the body tired out.C. It will bring much pressure.D. It consumes too much energy.4.What can be inferred from the text?A. No exercise at all is the best choice.B. More exercise means a healthier life.C. Marathons runners are least likely to die.D. Proper exercise contributes to good health.【文章大意】本文主要讲述了做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益。1.A 【解析】考查词义推测。hard耗费体力的；regular有规律的；practical实际的；flexible灵活的。由第一段最后一句“According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.”可知，一点不做运动的人和非常艰苦锻炼的人都极有可能死，故应选A。3.A 【解析】考查细节理解。由第二段倒数第二句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉).”可知，做过多的运动有害是因为它可能伤害心脏和动脉，故应选A。4.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第三段可知，做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益，故应选D。BBig Messaging Apps AbroadWhile WeChat is Chinas biggest mobile messaging app，there are many equivalent apps in other countries that offer similar features.WhatsApp(U.S.)Users：more than 600 millionPlatforms：Android，iOS，Windows Phone，BlackBerryFeatures：text chat，pushtotalk，file sharing，location sharingWith more than 600 million active users，WhatsApp is one of WeChats biggest competitors.Developed by two exYahoo employees in 2009，WhatsApp originally focused on text chat，but on Aug.6 it also started pushtotalk service.Its noted for its accessibility，ease of use and the absence of adverts.The service is free for the first year，after which $ 0.99(6.06 yuan) is charged for a oneyear subscription.KakaoTalk(South Korea)Users：more than 100 millionPlatforms：Android，iOS，Windows Phone，BlackBerry and Bada(an operating system developed by Samsung)Features：text chat，group chat，pushtotalk，group calls，file sharingWith more than 100 million users in more than 230 countries，KakaoTalk is a multiplatform texting application that allows users to send and receive messages for free.With KakaoTalk，users can message each other oneonone or in group chats with unlimited numbers of friends.You can also choose from many animated emoticons and share them with friends.Line(Japan)Users：more than 600 millionPlatforms：Android，iOS，Windows Phone，BlackBerry and PCFeatures：text chat，group chat，pushtotalk，file sharing，location sharing，gaming，stickersLine tops the list of the most downloaded free apps in 52 countries.Apart from text and voice messaging，Line provides its users with more than 250 original stickers and emoticons to buy from its own shop.In the first quarter of 2013 alone，it made $ 17 million just from stickers.The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE GAME.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国、韩国和日本三个国家不同的手机信息应用程序。1Compared with the other two apps ，which of the following features makes Line stand out?AGroup mobile games.BFree emoticons.CFree downloads of the app.DText and group chat.A解析：细节理解题。通过这三个不同的手机应用的比较并根据最后一段的最后一句“The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE GAME.”可知，Line和另外两个应用的不同之处就是它可以允许朋友们一起玩游戏，故答案为A。2Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?AUsers can always send and receive messages for free with WhatsApp.BUsers can share files with any of the three apps.CKakaoTalk frees users from unwanted advertisements.DLine is the most popular one of the three apps.B解析：推理判断题。从三个手机应用的Features部分可以发现它们共同的特点是file sharing，故答案为B。3In which part of the newspaper may this article be found?AAdvertisement.BEconomy and Finance.CEntertainment.DScience and Technology.D解析：文章出处题。这三则信息都是关于手机应用的，介绍的是科技方面的内容，所以应选D。三、书面表达。请根据下面的图片，写一篇短文，内容包括：1描述漫画内容；2说出其中的寓意；3发表你的观点。注意：1可适当增添内容，使文章