人教版英语初三unit6讲义

课程新授授课题目UNIT6. When was it invented?教学 设 计学习目标1. 一般过去时的被动语态2. 复习巩固过去完成时教学重难点 一般过去时的被动语态教学流程1、 温习（复习提问）第六单元重点单词检查默写二、学习目标：1.一般过去时的被动语态2.复习巩固过去完成时三、学习新课（自主探究学习）【重点单词】1. project n. 项目，工程；2. pleasure n. 高兴，愉快；3. daily adj. 日常的，每日的；4. mention v. 提到，说到；5. nearly adv.几乎，差不多； 6. boil v. 煮沸，烧开；7. remain v. 保持不变；剩余；8. national adj.国家的，民族的；9. low adj.低的，矮的；10. translate v. 翻译；11. lock v.锁上；n. 锁；12. sudden adj. 突然的13. crispy adj. 脆的；酥脆的；14. salty adj. 咸的；15. sour adj. 酸的，有酸味的；16. customer n. 顾客。17. Canadian 加拿大的，18. divide v. 分开，分散；19. hero n 英雄，男主角；20. professional adj. 职业的，专业的；【重点词组】1. shoes with special heels 特殊后跟的鞋子2. hot ice cream scoop 热的冰其淋勺子3. run on electricity 电动的4. be used for 被用作5. the subject for my school project 学校项目的课题6. our daily lives 我们的日常生活7. have a point 有点道理 8. by accident 偶然，意外地9. over the open fire 在火堆上10. fall into the water 落入水中11. take place 发生12. without doubt 毫无疑问13. at a low price 以一个很低的价格14. translate the book into different language 把书翻译成不同种的语言15. all of sudden 突然16. by mistake 错误地17. a much-loved and active sport 一个深受喜爱并且积极的运动18. divideinto 把分开19. stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事20. look up to 钦佩，仰慕21. the professional basketball groups 职业篮球机构22. use someone elses idea 借用其他人的想法【重点句式】1. I think the TV was invented before the car. 我认为电视是在轿车之前发明的。2. -When was the telephone invented? - 电话是什么时候发明的？ -I think it was invented in 1876. -我认为电话是在1876年被发明的。3. -What are they used for? -他们可用来做什么？ -They are used for changing the style of the shoes -他们可用来改变鞋子的样式。4. -When was the zipper invented? -拉链是什么时候发明的？-It was invented in 1893 .-它是在1893年被发明的。5. -Who was it invented by? -它是由谁发明的？-It was invented by Whitcomb Judson. -它是被惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。6. -When was tea brought to Korea? -茶是什么时候被带到韩国的？ -It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.-它是在六至七世纪被带到韩国的。7. -What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for? -这个热的冰其淋勺子是用来做什么的？-Its used for serving really cold ice-cream -它是用来提供真正冷的冰其淋。知识点解析1. such adj.如此的，这样的 such 用作形容词，修饰名词It is such a great thing. 它是如此好的一件事。 such构成的主要结构有： I. such+a(an)+adj.+单数可数名词+that从句 He got such a bad cold that he coughed day and night II.such+(adj.+)名词复数+that从句 There were such crowded streets that we could hardly move on. III. such+adj.+不可数名词+that从句 She has made such great progress that many people like her. 辨析：such与so Such 修饰名词，“如此的，这样的”， He is such a kind man. So 修饰形容词或副词 “如此，这样”， He is so kind a man.2.It is believed that. “人们相信./人们认为.”，相当于people believe that. It 为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。 扩展： It is said that. 据说. It is supposed that. 据猜测. It is reported that . 据报道.It is known that. 众所周知.3.一般过去时的被动语态语法构成：be(was/were)+及物动词的过去分词。 When was/were .invented? .什么时候发明的？ .was/were invented in +年代。 .被发明于. Who was/were .invented by? .是被谁发明的？ What was/were .used for? .是用来做什么的？ 注意：莫忘记还原to，在主动语态中make,see,watch等动词后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，变成被动语态时，不定式符号to要还原。In the old days,they were made to work in the factory from morning to evening.介词跟上去。在主动语态中，动词短语中的介词在变为被动语态时，仍要跟在原动词之后。Old people werent taken good care of in 1980.过去完成时态练习：1.By the time he got up, he found his father _ to work.Awent Bhave goneCgone Dhad gone2.When I got to the bus stop, the bus _ already _ for 5 minutes.Ahas; left Bhad; left Chas; been away Dhad; been away3.My sister _ a teacher two years ago.Agot married to Bgot married ofCmarried to Dmarried with4.When I got to the shop, the fresh vegetables had _.Abe sold out Bsold outCbeen sold out Dsell out 5.We felt _ when we heard the _ news.Aembarrassed; embarrassed Bembarrassing; embarrassed Cembarrassed; embarrassing Dembarrassing; embarrassing6.I like to play jokes _ my classmates.Aon Binto Cin Dto7._ he knows it, hell not let out the secret.AAs if BEven thoughCSo that DWhat if 8.The street is _ of people.Afull Bfill Cfilled Dfilled with9.The fish we caught yesterday is still_.Alive Bto live Calive Dlively10.By the end of last term, they_ over 2,000 English words.Alearned Bhas learned Chad learned Dlearn四、目标检测：一、按要求改写句子。1.The helicopter was made in 1990. (对画线部分提问)_ _ the helicopter _ ?2. Someone turned down the television just now. (改为被动语态)The television _ _ down just now.3. English is spoken as a second language in many countries. (改为主动语态)People _ _ as a second language in many countries. 4. The glass is used for keeping water hot. (改为主动语态) They _ the glass _ keeping water hot.二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. He told us that the model plane _ (make) in 1930. 2. When _the Great Wall_ (build)?3. Umbrellas are used for _(keep) rain off.4. Who _ they _ (make) by?5. The passage _(copy) just now.6. That mountain is _ (know) for its beauty.7. This bag is _ (make) of paper.8. These ships are _ (make) in China.9. _ (drink) tea is good for our health.10. Some flowers _ (send) to her every Friday. 版权所有三、单项选择。1.- Do you often clean your classroom?- Yes. Our classroom_ every day.A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. is cleaning 2. - Mum, can I go to the zoo with Jack?- When your homework _ , you can.A. is done B. was doneC. does D. did3. Trees and flowers _ every year to make our country more beautiful.A. is planted B. was plantedC. are planted D. were planted4. The book Business the Speed of Thought _in 2019. A. writes B. is writtenC. wrote D. was written五、知识盘点（教学小结）1.一般过去时的被动语态2.复习巩固过去完成时 单元测试题一. 单项选择 ()1.Would you hold this for a moment? With _.Apleasing BpleasedCpleasure Dplease( )2. Why dont you buy a camera? Do you think I need to? My phone is often used a camera. A. by B. for X k B C. as D. with( )3. To plan your time better, you can make a of the things you need to do first. A. list B. project C. numberD. lot ( )4. How dangerous! Yeah. The bus hit the car just now. A. clearlyB. normally C. nearlyD. mostly( )5. Can we pick some oranges to eat? Cant you see that they are green? They must be . A. sweet B. salty C. hot D. sour( )6. If the Japanese football team had a match with the German football team, which do you think would win? The German team would win without any . Its a much better team. A. hope B. secret C. interest D. doubt( )7. Why do many people buy things online on the 11th of November every year? Because there are many sales. The prices are .A. much cheaper B. much lower C. more expensive D. much higher( )8. How nice the fish ! Really? I am sure youll like it better if you try some.A. smells B. feels C. tastes D. sounds( )9.Sorry, sir. But is this umbrella yours?Oh, sorry. I just took it . Mine is under the seat. A. for yourself B. by mistake C. in person D. at last( )10. The 20th World Cup in Brazil, right? Yes. It this summer.A. held; took place B. was held; was taken placeC. held; was taken place D. was held; took place( )11. Which of the following signs means “No locking”?A. B. C. D. ( )12. Michael Jackson was called the king of pop, wasnt he? Of course. He by people all over the world.A. was looked up B. was looked up to C. looked up D. looked up to ( )13. Was table tennis invented by the Chinese? No. It in China until the start of the 20th century. A. played B. was played C. didnt play D. wasnt played( )14. Do you know in ancient China? I have no idea. But I know people once used tree leaves to make paper. A. how paper was madeB. how was paper made C. what paper was made D. what was paper made( )15. Many thanks for what youve done for us. .A. Dont mention it B. Never C. Thats right D. You seem to have a point16.- Could you tell me who the toy_ by? -Sorry, I dont know.A. makes B. Made C. is made D. was made17. The light bulb gives people more time_ _ every day. A. to work and play B. work and play C. to work and playing D. working and playing 18. _a new library _ in your school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; builtC. Does; built D. Did; built 19.The monkey was seen _ out of the tree.A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump20. Tea is produced _ many different areas .A. at B. in C. on D. to21.The sweater_ wool. So it is very comfortable. A. is made from B. is made of C. is made up of D. is made in 22. We are very_ when we know we have got good grades. A. exciting B. excited C. excitement D. excite23. His voice_ very comfortable!A. sounds B. looks C. smells D. tastes24. Li Lei isnt as_ as Tom, but he jumps farther than Tom.A. taller B. tallest C. tall D. short25. I find _is difficult to learn English well.A. this B. that C. these D. it26. They are made _ for 14 hours a day.A. work B. to work C. worked D. working27. Tom is older than Mike, but he is not as _ as Mike. 版权所有A. tall B. taller C. short D. shorter28. The paper, usually red, _ before it _.A. is folded; is cut B. folded; cut C. is folded; cut D. folds; is cut 29. The silk dress _ so smooth. Its made in China. A. smells B. tastes C. feels D. looks30. Could you tell me who the novel _?A. was written B. was wrote C. was written by D. wrote 二. 阅读理解 XAThe Coca Cola Company has an inventionthe “PlantBottle”. It is partly made from plants and can be recycled (循环). It shows how businesses can help to deal with the problem of climate (气候) change.Now the UK has a new light bulb that can last 25 years or more. It is green and environment-friendly (环保的), and as bright as the old light bulbs, but it costs30.Good news for swimmers. Do you want to talk to your friends under the water? Rich Stachowski invented this Water Talky at the age of 10. This invention can amplify (扩大) voices underwater for up to 15 feet.If you sit in a chair for too long or in a bad position (姿势), your back may begin to hurt. Now there is a new chair that can help you avoid that. It was developed by German scientists. It makes noises to tell users when they need to move.( )1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the “PlantBottle”? A. The bottle is completely made of plants.B. It was a product of the Coca Cola Company. C. It costs much money. D. People cant recycle it. ( )2. The new light bulb . A. is brighter than the old ones B. isnt good for the environment C. can last at least 25 years D. can last less than 25 years( )3. The Water Talky was invented by . A. German scientists B. a young child C. a UK company D. some swimmers( )4. What will happen if you sit in the chair for too long? A. Your head will hurt. B. You will be very nervous. C. The chair will move. D. The chair will warn you to move.( )5. All the four inventions have something to do with . A. daily life B. the climate C. making money D. the environment BDo you have the experience of taking music lessons against your wishes? Perhaps you have complained about it because you thought it took you much playtime. But now youd better thank your parents for their time and money spent on your musical training. A recent study suggests music lessons can make children have better memories than their peers (同龄人).The Canadian study showed that after one year of musical training, children did better on a memory test than those who didnt take music lessons.The researchers made the children aged between 4 and 6 into two groups one group of children took music lessons outside school, and the other didnt take any musical training. In one year, they took four tests in different times. The results showed brain (大脑) development changes at least every four months.The children taking music lessons not only did better in musical listening but also made faster progress in other ways, such as reading, writing, math and IQ.People say music is the good medicine (良药) for a broken heart. Now it seems music can also help us to improve our memories. We are sure to find more and more in the wonderful world of music.根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。( )6. Youd better thank your parents for their time and money spent on your musical training because . A. you get well after you take music lessons B. you will make faster progress in every way C. music can help you to improve your memories D. music lessons have taken up most your free time ( )7. The researchers made one group of the children aged 46 take music lessons for . A. six months B. a year C. two years D. four years( )8. The Canadian study showed that brain development changes . A. once a week B. twice half a yearC. four times a year D. at least every four months( )9. According to the last paragraph, most people think music can make us . A. happyB. worried C. smart D. confident( )10. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. How to become cleverer. B. Music does us much good. C. What to find in wonderful music .D. Everyone should receive music training.C Google and Toyota have worked together to create a new smart car. It can run on the road without a driver. It drives itself. The self-driving car hasnt been on sale to the public, so we dont know how much it costs. Another thing most people want to know is whether it will be safe enough to run on the road. The self-driving car uses electricity as its power, and it cant drive very quicklythe top speed would be 25 miles per hour. It is actually controlled by a computer system (系统) on the car. The system keeps on collecting information by some video cameras inside the car and a LIDAR sensor (激光雷达传感器) on top of it. A computer processes the information and decides what to do. “The self-driving car has only buttons (按钮) for go and stop, so its very easy to use,” an engineer of Google says. “And whats more, it will make car accidents less and make the world a safer place.” The self-driving car has driven hundreds of thousands of miles in California, and it has only gotten into two accidents by human mistake.According to CNN, self-driving cars will also help to reduce (减少) the number of cars in big cities. “Self-driving cars would be able to send you to the workplace and then pick up another person instead of stopping in a parking lot.”根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。( )11. We dont know the price of the self-driving car because .A. it is on sale only in America B. it isnt made for sale C. people can get it for free D. it hasnt been on sale to the public( )12. The self-driving car can collect information using .video cameras a computer a LIDAR sensor a computer systemA. B. C. D. ( )13. According to CNN, self-driving cars will .A. send us more quickly to the workplaceB. lead to heavier trafficC. improve traffic condition in big cities D. carry more people than a normal car ( )14. We can infer from the passage that the self-driving car would .A. be good for our environmentB. be very cheapC. not follow humans orderD. be on sale quickly( )15. Which is the best title for the passage?A. The best car in the world B. A new self-driving carC. How a self-driving car works D. A car invented by an American companyDEvery morning my father buys a newspaper on his way to work.Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home.And every night, I look at the posters with photos of David Beckham and Yao Ming on my bedroom wall before I go to sleep.Can we imagine life without paper or print?Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago，and has been made from silk，cotton，bamboo and since the 19th century from wood.People learned to write words on paper to make a book.But in those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand.As a result, they were expensive and rare.And because there werent many books, few people learned to read.Then printing was invented in China.When printing was developed greatly at the beginning of the 11th century, books could be produced more quickly and cheaply.As a result, more people learned to read.After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly.Today information can be received online, downloaded from the Internet