2019_2020学年高中英语Unit4HelpingpeoplearoundtheworldPeriodOneWelcometotheunit.docx

Unit 4 Helping people around the worldAllaroundtheworld，anincreasingnumberofpeoplearespendingtheirtimetakingpartinonlinevolunteeringprojects.Whatencouragesthemtohelpstrangerswithoutexpectationofmoneyoreventhanks?RadhaTaralekarhelpedteachImeldahowtoprotectherselffromHIV，thoughthetwohavenevermet，andneitherknowstheothersname.Taralekarreceivednopaymentforthejob.ForTaralekar，theprojectgaveherthechancetouseherprofessionalexperience.“Iwanttoservepeoplewithmymedicalknowledge，”shesaid.Forsome，theinspirationtovolunteeronlineisfarmorepersonal.Afterlosinghiswifetocancer，TonySelmanspentmanyhoursonlinehelpingCancerResearchtocollectinformationontheillness.“Seeinghowpainfulshewaswhenmywifewasdying，Idecidedtohelpscientistsfindawaytotreatcancer，”hesaid.Interestsandhobbiesarealsooneofthereasons.SamLukjoinedotheronlinevolunteerstotrytohelpthepolicesolvemurdercases.Thepolicepostedthemonline，callingforvolunteerstohelpthemtomakesenseofthemessages.“IaminterestedinthisandIloveSherlockHolmes，”saidLuk.ForwriterClayShirky，somelargeonlinevolunteeringprojectshelpmillionsofpeople，givinghimasenseofachievement.HehelpswriteWikipedia，theworldsbiggestencyclopedia(百科全书)，whichiswrittenbypeoplewillingtousetheirprofessionalknowledge.阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)1WecanknowthatRadhaTaralekarmaybeadoctor.(T)2TonySelmandecidedtohelpCancerResearchbecausehiswifediedofcancer.(T)3SamLukvolunteeredtohelpthepolicebecauseofhisdutyofwork.(F)4Therearefourreasonswhypeoplehelpstrangersonlinementionedinthetext.(T)Period OneWelcome to the unit & ReadingPrereading匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思第一组1lackA令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的2ambassadorB描写(文字)，形容，说明3descriptionC缺乏4politicalD政治的；政府的5worthyE大使答案1.C2.E3.B4.D5.A第二组6victimA增加；添加7additionB平等的；同等的8equalC志愿的；自愿的，主动的9voluntaryD受害者10contributeE捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致答案6.D7.A8.B9.C10.E第三组11acquireA紧急的，紧迫的12expandB重要的；令人愉快的；值得花时间13worthwhileC饥饿；挨饿；饿死14urgentD扩展，发展(业务)；扩大，增强15starvationE购得；获得，得到答案11.E12.D13.B14.A15.C第四组16boilA售得，卖得(某价)；取来，去拿来17carpetB(羊等的)绒，毛18woolC出口，输出；出口产品，输出品19fetchD地毯20exportE沸腾，煮沸；烹煮答案16.E17.D18.B19.A20.C.Matchthemainideawitheachpart.Part1(Paras.13)ATheproblemstheUNhelpstosolveandthegoalstheywillachieve.Part2(Paras.45) BTheauthorlikestoworkasaUNGoodwillAmbassadorandabriefintroductiontotheUN.Part3(Para.6) CTheworkwhichtheauthorhasbeendoingwiththeUN.答案1.B2.C3.A.True(T)orFalse(F)1TheUNwassetupinNovember1945.(F)2TheUNsworkinvolvesassistingthevictimsofwarsanddisasters.(T)3ThewritersworkintheUNinvolvesvisitingcountrieswheretheUNhasprogrammestohelppeople.(T)4WiththeworkoftheUN，theworldhasendedallofthehorribleconflicts.(F)1WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheUNsmainpurpose?ATokeepinternationalpeace.BTodevelopfriendlyrelationshipsamongnations.CToworktogetherinsolvinginternationalpoliticalconflictsandinpromotingrespectforhumanrights.DTobeacentreofeconomyandcultureintheworld.答案D2WheredotheUNsoldierscomefrom?AEverycountryintheworld.BDifferentcountriesthatbelongtotheUN.CThedevelopedcountries.DThedevelopingcountries.答案B3WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthewritersworkintheUN?AItiswellpaid.BItinvolvestakingpartinpeacekeepingoperations.CItinvolvesvisitingcountrieswheretheUNhasprogrammestohelppeople.DItinvolvesteachingwomeninSouthAfricatomakebaskets.答案CAfterreadingthepassage，pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.TheUNbringingeveryoneclosertogetherWhenwasitsetupAftertheSecondWorldWarin1.October1945.CountriesintheUN(originally) 51countries(recently) 2.192countriesProblemsitdealswithhelps3.endsomeoftheworldsmosthorribleconflicts4.assiststhevictimsofwarsanddisastersprotectshumanrights5.improvesinternationallawshelpscountrieswithotherproblemssuchaslackofeducation,6.starvation，disasters，AIDSandotherdiseasesItsfourmainfunctionstokeepinternationalpeacetodevelopfriendly7.relationshipsamongnationstoworktogetherinsolvinginternational8.politicalconflictsandinpromotingrespectforhumanrightstobeacentrefororganizingtheactionsorworkofdifferentnationsGoalsitpromisestoachieveby2015Eightgoals，pleteprimaryeducation.1TheUNisaninternationalorganizationmadeupofcountriesthatwanttopromoteworldpeace.句式分析自主翻译联合国是由希望促进世界和平的国家组成的国际组织。2BeingaGoodwillAmbassadormeansthatIvisitcountrieswheretheUNoperatesprogrammestohelppeople.句式分析该句的主语是动名词短语BeingaGoodwillAmbassador，谓语是means，that引导的从句是宾语从句，且该从句中包含一个where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词countries。自主翻译作为一名亲善大使意味着我要访问联合国实施扶助项目的国家。3.My job with the UN is not paid but voluntary，and as I said before，I visit countries where the UN has programmes to help people.句式分析句中and作并列连词，连接两个并列分句；第一个分句为简单句My job with .voluntary，第二个分句为复合句，句子主干为I visit countries .，其中as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整句话的内容，where引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词countries。自主翻译我在联合国做的工作不是有偿的，而是自愿的，正如我以前所说的那样，我要访问联合国实施扶助项目的国家。4Recently，IwasfortunateenoughtotraveltoSouthAfrica，whereImetsomewomenwhohaveorganizedthemselvesintoagroup.句式分析自主翻译最近，我很幸运地去了南非，在那里我见到了一些妇女，她们自发组成了一个团体。.阅读理解AOnceagain，Iwasinanewschool.SowasagirlinmyclassnamedParis.Thatswherethesimilaritiesended.Iwastallandshewasshort.Iwasoneoftheoldestintheclasswhileshewastheyoungest.Iwasawkward(笨拙的) andshy.Shewasnt.Icouldntstandher，consideringhermyenemy.Butshewantedtobefriendswithme.Oneday，sheinvitedmeoverandIsaidyesIwastooshockedtosayno.Actuallynoonehadinvitedmeovertoplaybefore.Butthisgirl，whoworethelatestfashions，wantedtoseeme.Shelivedonthefourthfloorinatworoomplacewithhermother，herstepfather，hertwobrothersandhersister.Whenwegottotheroomshesharedwithhersister，shetookoutabigcaseofBarbieswhichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshedoutgrown(长大而放弃) them.Ihadneverplayedwiththem.ButwesatonthefloorofawalkincupboardlaughingaswemadeupcrazystoriesabouttheBarbies.Thatswhenwefoundoutthatwebothwantedtobewriterswhenwewereolder.Webothhadwildimaginations.Wehadagreatdaythatafternoon.Ourjaws(下巴) achedfromlaughingsomuch.Sheshowedmeheroutfits(全套服装)，whichhadmostlycomefromadesignerclothingstore(时装设计店) downtheblock.Thewomanwhoowneditusedherasamodelsometimesforhernewspaperadsandgaveherclothesinexchange.Parishadthewholeneighborhoodattracted.Thebookstoreownerslentherfashionmagazines，themovietheatergaveherfreepassesandthepizzaplaceletherhavefreepieces.SoonIwasincludedinhermagicworld.Wesleptoverateachothershouses，andspenteveryfreemomenttogether.MydarkhairgrewoutandIlearnedtolovebeingtall.Paris，myfirstrealfriendsincechildhood，helpedmegetthroughthetoughteenageyearsandtaughtmeanamazingthingaboutmakingfriends：your“worstenemy”canturnouttobeyourbestfriend.语篇解读作者回忆了转学后，与女同学帕丽斯由相识、敌对到和睦相处，最后成为最要好的朋友的过程以及作者内心的感受。1Whichofthefollowingismostprobablythebesttitle?AAStoryAboutParisBAnUnlikelyBestFriendCLifeinaNewSchoolDASecretofHowtoMakeFriends答案B解析标题归纳题。作者在文中回忆了最初结识帕丽斯的时候，由于各方面存在差异而觉得不能忍受她，把她当成自己的敌人，到后来她们却成了最要好的朋友。故选B。2ThewriterandParisweresimilarinthat.AbothofthemwerenewstudentsBbothofthemwerefriendlyCbothofthemweretallDbothofthemweretheyoungestinclass答案A解析细节理解题。从第一段中的“Onceagain，Iwasinanewschool.SowasagirlinmyclassnamedParis.”可以看出她们的相似之处在于两人都是这所学校的新生。故答案为A。3InthearticlethewriterdescribesParisasagirlwhowas.AawkwardandshyBfashionableandproudCquietandlonelyDfriendlyandlovely答案D解析推理判断题。从第二段对两人的对比及下文对帕丽斯的描述中可以看出，帕丽斯跟作者(“awkwardandshy”)不同，她既友善又可爱。4Fromthearticle，wecanseethatthroughherfriendshipwithParis，thewriter.AfoundsheandParishadmoresimilaritiesthandifferencesBwasabletofitinathernewschoolwithParishelpCwasnotsoawkwardorshyasbeforeDlearnedmoreaboutfashionherself答案C解析推理判断题。从倒数第二段最后一句“MydarkhairgrewoutandIlearnedtolovebeingtall.”可以看出，和帕丽斯的友谊对作者帮助很大，作者不再像以前那样害羞了。故选C。BCassieThomasthoughtshewasjustmeetingwiththemedia(媒体) atherlunchbreak.Instead，thenurseatJanetWeisChildrensHospitalnearDanvillegotasurprisepartyfromherworkmates.ItwasherfirstdaybacktoworkafterafamilyvacationinClearwater，Florida，andwhatavacationitwas!“JustasIlookedup，therewasabigpinklightningthatjustcamedownandhitthebeach，”Cassiesaid.Cassie，herhusband，andtheirtwodaughterswereontheirhotelbalcony(阳台) lastweekwhentheyheardandsawthestorm.AfterCassiesawthelightning，shesawtwoboyslyingonthebeach.So，sheshoutedatthem.“Oneboysatupandjuststartedshoutingback，andIsaid，Jay，call911；Imgoing.”Cassiesaid.Sothe31yearoldnursesprangintoaction.Sherandown16flightsofstairsontothebeachwhereshefoundthetwoboys，JansenandCameron，whoarefromNorthCarolina.Cameronhadnoheartbeat.“IrolledCameronoverandIjuststartedcompressing(按压)，”Cassiesaid.Shedidntrealizeitatthetime，butshewasriskingherownlifetosavetheteenageboys.“Mydaughterswereonthebalconyanditwasaverydangeroussituationtoputmyselfin.IjustwishedtobesafebecauseIwasdoing，”Cassiesaid.“Itjustgoestohercharactertohelpothers.Andyouknowwhat？Whenitsyourkid，youdwantsomeonetobecominginandsavinghislife，”oneofherworkmatessaid.CassiewastherewhenCamerongotoffthehospital，“Hejustsaid，Thankyou；thankyou；thankyou.Hegavemesomanyhugs，”Cassiesaid.“Anursenevertrulygoesonvacation.Ijustkeeptellingeverybodythesamething.Itsjustwhatyoudo.”CassieandtwootherpeoplegotGoodSamaritanAwards(奖) fromtheClearwaterPoliceDepartmentforsavingCameronslife.Cassiesworkmatessaidtheycouldntbeanyprouderofthislifesavingnurse.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一名护士在度假期间不顾个人安危救了被闪电击中的男孩的事件。5WhydidCassiesworkmatesgiveherasurpriseparty?ATowelcomeherbacktowork.BToseeheroffforhervacation.CTohonorherforherheroicrescue.DTocongratulateherontheinterview.答案C解析推理判断题。由下文内容可知，凯西救了两个男孩，再根据最后一段最后一句“Cassiesworkmatessaidtheycouldntbeanyprouderofthislifesavingnurse.”可知，凯西的同事们为她救人的事迹而感到自豪。由此可知，同事们为凯西举办惊喜派对是为了表彰她英勇救人的行为。6Whathappenedtotheboys?ATheyweredrownedatsea.BTheywerehitbylightning.CTheyfelldownfromthebalcony.DTheywerestrickenbyastorm.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“abigpinklightningthatjustcamedownandhitthebeach”可知，闪电袭击了沙滩，再由第三段中的“.shesawtwoboyslyingonthebeach”可知，沙滩上的两个男孩被闪电击中了。7WhatdidCassiedowhenshesawthetwoboys?AShecalled911.BShetookthemtohospital.CShejumpedintotheseatosavethem.DShegavefirstaidtreatmenttooneofthem.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Cameronhadnoheartbeat.”及第四段中的“Ijuststartedcompressing(按压)”可知，其中一个男孩没有心跳了。凯西立即按压了男孩的胸膛来实施心脏复苏术，即对其中一个男孩进行了急救。8WhatdidCassiemeanbysaying“Anursenevertrulygoesonvacation”？ANurseshavenotimetogoonvacation.BNursesarereadyatalltimestohelpothers.CNurseshavenevergotachancetogoonvacation.DNursesmaybecalledbacktoworkduringvacation.答案B解析推理判断题。通读全文可知，凯西在度假时救了两个男孩，由此可推知她的意思是身为一名护士，当遇到有人需要急救的情况时，她会时刻准备着施以援手，这也是她的职责所在，所以事实上护士是没有绝对的假期的。CLikemanynewgraduates，IleftuniversityfullofhopeforthefuturebutwithoutrealideaofwhatIwantedtodo.Mydegree，withhonours，inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.IknewIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow，butIhadnoideahowtodothat.ThatswhenIlearnedabouttheLighthouseProject.IstartedmyjourneyasaLighthouseProjectvolunteerbyreadingasmuchasIcouldabouttheexperiencesofpreviousvolunteers.Iknewtherewouldbealotofhardwork，andthatIwouldbeawayfrommyfamilyandfriendsforaverylongtime.Inshort，IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily.Eventually，however，Iwonthesupportofmyfamily，andIsentinallthepaperworkneededfortheapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations，Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Severalmonthslater，Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportfortheduty.IwouldbegoingtoasmallvillagenearAbuja，Nigeria.Where？What？Nigeria？Ihadnoidea.ButIwasabouttofindout.Aftercompletingmytraining，Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperaccommodation.Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor，theyofferedtheirhomes，hearts，andfoodasifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso，Itaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.ButIsometimesthinkIlearnedmorefrommystudentsthantheydidfromme.Sometimeduringthatperiod，Irealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid，thoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage，andIreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者经过重重选拔成为灯塔计划的志愿者的经历，作者从中学到了许多东西，从而改变了作者的人生。9AccordingtoParagraph2，itismostlikelythattheauthor.AdiscussedhisdecisionwithhisfamilyBaskedpreviousvolunteersaboutvoluntaryworkCattendedspecialtrainingtoperformdifficulttasksDfeltsadabouthavingtoleavehisfamilyandfriends答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“Inshort，IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily.”可推知，作者与家人讨论了他申请灯塔计划的决定。10Inhisapplicationforthevolunteerjob，theauthor.AparticipatedinmanydiscussionsBwentthroughchallengingsurvivaltestsCwrotequiteafewpapersonvoluntaryworkDfacedstrongcompetitionfromothercandidates答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations，Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.”可知，在经过了无数次的面试之后他从众多面试者中脱颖而出，也就是说，为了这份工作，他面临着非常激烈的竞争。11Onarrivalatthevillage，theauthorwas.AaskedtoleadafarmingteamBsenttoteachinaschoolhouseCreceivedwarmlybylocalvillagersDarrangedtoliveinaseparatehouse答案C解析推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor，theyofferedtheirhomes，hearts，andfoodasifIweretheirownfamily.”可知，虽然村民们很穷，但是他们给作者提供了住所、真情和食物。说明作者受到了村民的热烈欢迎。.七选五KidsandFood：AdviceforParentsItisimportantforparentstoknowhowtohelptheirkidseathealthily.Hereareafeweasyways：Parentscontrolthesupplylines.12Thoughkidsmaykeepaskingforlessnutritious(有营养的) foods，parentsshoulddecidewhichfoodsareregularlyprovidedinthehouse.Kidswontgohungr