新课标2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点五非谓语动词.docx_第1页
新课标2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点五非谓语动词.docx_第2页
新课标2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点五非谓语动词.docx_第3页
新课标2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点五非谓语动词.docx_第4页
新课标2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点五非谓语动词.docx_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩10页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

考点五非谓语动词限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1The writer has won the hearts of millions of children with the rich stories _ (draw) from her childhood memories答案:drawn句意:凭借着她从她的童年记忆中获取的丰富多彩的故事,那个作家赢得了很多小孩子的心。分析句子,由于句子已经出现了谓语动词has won,故空格处只能用非谓语动词;由于stories与draw之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。2_ (receive) your purchases in time, make sure the express company knows your address exactly答案:To receive句意:为了及时收到你购买的物品,要确保快递公司准确地知道你的地址。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。3_ (complete) his overseas study, he was eventually employed by his dream company答案:Having completed句意:他完成海外学习之后,最后被他梦寐以求的公司雇用了。he和complete在逻辑上存在主谓关系,且此处分词的动作明显先于谓语动词的动作发生,故用现在分词的完成式作时间状语。4This course is of great interest to students, _ (hope) to improve their writing skills答案:hoping句意:学生对本课程有极大的兴趣,希望能提高他们的写作能力。此处是现在分词作目的状语。5The young lady, _ (make) several attempts to fix her cell phone, decided to have another try答案:having made句意:这位年轻的女士试图修好她的手机,她已经尝试好几次了,决定再试一次。句中主语“The young lady”和动词“make”之间是主动关系,且该动作发生在主句谓语动词decided之前,故用动词ing形式的完成式作状语。6Nowadays, more and more Chinese homes have the technology and equipment _ (need) to do online shopping答案:needed句意:目前,越来越多的中国家庭拥有在线购物所需的技术和设备。此处是过去分词作后置定语,故填needed。7Watching basketball games on TV at home is one thing, going to watch them _ (perform) live is quite another答案:being performed句意:在家里的电视上看篮球比赛是一回事,去看现场比赛又是另外一回事。根据句意可知,“perform”与其逻辑主语“them”之间为动宾关系,由live “现场地”可知,应用现在分词的被动式being performed,作宾语them的补足语。8Beijings new international airport _ (put) into operation in 2019 will serve 72 million passengers annually答案:to be put句意:将于2019年投入运营的北京新国际机场每年将为7,200万乘客提供服务。此处表示将来,所以用动词不定式作后置定语;airport和put into operation之间是被动关系,故用动词不定式的被动式。9_ (know) basic firstaid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies答案:Knowing句意:了解基本的急救技能将有助于你快速地对紧急情况作出反应。分析句子成分可知,谓语是will help,所以will前面的部分是主语,用动名词作主语,表示一般性的事实。10_ (make) naturally by the skin when exposed to sunlight, vitamin D is needed for healthy bones, teeth and muscles答案:Made句意:当暴露在阳光下的时候,维生素D自然就在皮肤中形成了,它是健康的骨头、牙齿和肌肉所需要的。vitamin D和make之间是被动关系,故填Made。11Dream of the Red Chamber is believed to be semiautobiographical, _ (mirror) the fortunes of Caos own family答案:mirroring句意:红楼梦被认为是一部半自传性质的小说,它反映了曹雪芹自己家族的命运。“Dream of the Red Chamber”和“mirror”之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语,故填mirroring。 12Anyone with an eye on the employment situation knew the assessment about economic recovery _ (be) just around the corner was correct答案:being句意:任何关注就业形势的人都知道,有关经济即将复苏的评估是正确的。本句中含有一个宾语从句,即knew后面的部分,从句中,应用动名词的复合结构作主语,recovery和be之间存在主谓关系,故填being。13The problem with the current system allows anyone to commit a similar crime without _ (punish) It needs to be fixed答案:being punished句意:现行制度的问题是允许任何人犯下类似的罪行而不受惩罚,因此需要对其进行修改。介词后面跟动名词作宾语,另外“anyone”和“punish”之间存在被动关系,故填being punished。14The 19th Party Congress drew up a blueprint for Chinas development in the next three decades and more _ (turn) this blueprint into reality, we must be downtoearth in our approach, take one step at a time as we move forward and deliver solid outcomes答案:To turn句意:中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会为中国未来三十年甚至更长的时间的发展制定了蓝图。要把这一蓝图变为现实,我们必须脚踏实地,稳步前进,取得坚实的成果。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。15The young man, _ (catch) in heavy traffic on the way, got home an hour later than usual答案:caught句意:这个年轻人,在路上堵车了,比往常到家晚了一个小时。be caught in “陷入”,作状语时省掉be动词,此处为过去分词短语表原因。16The educational reform is now under way throughout the country, _ (grant) the students more opportunities to develop to their greatest potential答案:granting句意:全国正在进行教育改革,给了学生们更多发挥最大潜力的机会。“_ the students more opportunities to develop to their greatest potential”作状语,逻辑主语和grant之间是主动关系,故用现在分词,作结果状语。17It is not necessary _ (bargain) on this small amount答案:to bargain句意:没有必要为这么少的数额讨价还价。句中it作形式主语,空格处应用不定式作真正的主语,构成“Itsadjto do sth”结构。18It is a waste of time _ (persuade) such a person to join us答案:persuading句意:劝说这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。It is a waste of time doing sth“做某事是浪费时间”。19_ (dress) in her favorite skirt, she seemed to be more confident答案:Dressed句意:穿着她最喜欢的裙子,她看起来更自信了。be dressed in “穿着”,表示状态,本句中,过去分词短语“dressed in ”作状语。20With all my jobs _ (do), I will go out for a picnic答案:done句意:所有的工作完成了,我将出去野餐。此处为with复合结构,本句中宾语my jobs和do之间存在被动关系,故填过去分词done表被动和完成。21Id like to see the plan _ (carry) out答案:carried句意:我想看到这个计划被执行。plan与carry out之间存在被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。22Almost all metals are good conductors, silver _ (be) the best of all答案:being句意:几乎所有的金属都是良好的导体,其中银是最好的。句中的两部分由逗号分隔,无连词,逗号前面是含有谓语动词的句子;逗号后的部分有其主语silver,由此可推断,逗号后需要用独立主格形式。silver和be之间存在主动关系,故填being。23Greatly _ (encourage), agricultural researchers began to study this particular type of plant答案:encouraged句意:受到了极大的鼓舞,农业研究人员开始研究这种特殊的植物。agricultural researchers与encourage之间存在被动关系,故用过去分词作状语。24She was the first woman _ (win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games答案:to win句意:她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。当名词或代词前有序数词或最高级修饰时,则用不定式作其后置定语。25My friends are made _ (laugh) by my little girl答案:to laugh句意:我的朋友们被我的小女儿逗笑了。使役动词(make, have, let)用于被动语态时,作主语补足语的不定式符号to不能省略。二、单句改错1Several of us were asked to attend the meeting, as listing below_答案:listinglisted句意:我们中有几个人被要求参加这次会议,如下所列。此处表示“被列出”,所以用过去分词。2Warned of danger in the street at night, the girl doesnt dare to go out without someone accompanied her_答案:accompaniedaccompanying句意:她被警告晚上街上有危险,因而没有人陪同,这个女孩不敢出去。“someone”与“accompany”之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。 3Offered people food, housing and jobs is what a government should first consider after a natural disaster happens_答案:OfferedOffering句意:在自然灾害发生后,给人们提供食物、住所和工作是政府应该首先考虑到的。从结构判断此处缺少主语,应该用动名词形式。4After class, the teacher couldnt leave, surrounding by the students_答案:surroundingsurrounded句意:下课后,老师无法离开,因为被学生们围住了。the teacher与动词surround之间是被动关系,故要用过去分词作状语。5As is known, only work hard leads to happiness_答案:workworking句意:众所周知,只有努力工作才能获得幸福。分析句子可知,此处作主语,表示一般性事实,故用ving形式。6Not received regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first_答案:Not后加having句意:由于没有接受过正规的护理培训,起初她几乎无法应付这份工作。逻辑主语she与receive之间是主谓关系,用ving形式。且receive发生在主句谓语动词之前,故用having received, not放在非谓语动词前。 7Seating at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes_答案:SeatingSeated句意:在房间的后面坐着一个害羞的女孩,这个女孩长着两只大眼睛。本句是一个倒装句,seated为过去分词转化来的形容词作表语。 8Circumstances permit, he would not have cancelled the trip he had been longing for_答案:permitpermitting句意:如果情况允许的话,他就不会取消他一直渴望的旅行了。这里用“名词现在分词”构成独立主格结构,相当于If circumstances permit。9The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already laying for a meal to be cooked_答案:layinglaidwith复合结构的构成是“with宾语宾语补足语”,由于lay与table之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词。10In order to make herself be noticed, she put on a red hat _答案:去掉be句意:为了让自己被注意到,她戴了一顶红色的帽子。make sb done “使某人被”。11The examinee who is caught cheated in the College Entrance Examination will get zero in this subject_答案:cheatedcheating句意:在高考中,被抓到作弊的考生,所考科目将会得零分。这里是catch sb doing结构的被动形式,所以应把cheated改为cheating。12When Mrs Clarke was making tea, she heard the sound of the door be pushed open_答案:bebeing句意:当克拉克夫人正在泡茶的时候,她听到门正在被推开的声音。hear sth being done “听见某事正在被做,听见某物正在被”。13Imagine getting better grades after improve your study habits_答案:improveimproving介词after后应用动名词形式improving作宾语。14He came in suddenly without permitted_答案:permitted前加being句意:没有经过允许,他就突然进来了。主语he和permit之间存在被动关系,且without后接动名词,因此应用动名词的被动形式being permitted。15Comparing with Jims house, mine is big_答案:ComparingComparedmine (my house)与compare之间存在被动关系,因此用过去分词compared作状语。非谓语动词(一)一、非谓语动词的各种形式He is said to_be_studying abroad nowHe is said to_have_studied abroad for 3 yearsThe students went out of the classroom, laughing_and_talkingHaving_finished my homework, I went to bed二、非谓语动词作主语1不定式作主语:往往表示一次性的、具体的动作,常用it作形式主语,而把不定式后置。2动名词作主语:往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验,有时也可用it作形式主语,但仅限于几个句型。It is a great honor to_be_invited_to_speak_herePlaying_the_piano is my hobby注意:it作形式主语代替动名词,常出现在It is no use/good doing , It is useful doing , It is a waste of time doing 等句型里。三、非谓语动词作宾语动词的不定式和动名词形式可以作宾语,但是不定式一般不作介词的宾语,如果作介词宾语,不定式符号to前面往往有疑问词。1只跟不定式作宾语的动词(短语)afford, agree, decide, determine, expect, refuse, manage, hope, plan, want, fail, wish, ask, pretend, promise, happen, would like, set out等。I cant afford_to_take_a_holiday this summer because of the projectHe determined_to_return_home early2只跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)advise, admit, advocate, allow, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, delay, deny, consider, miss, fancy, finish, forbid, practise, imagine, suggest, escape, resist, risk, mind, feel like, insist on, set about等。 It was fortunate that Jack narrowly escaped_being_killed in a traffic accident Do you feel_like_going_out for a walk?3跟不定式和动名词作宾语均可,且意义差别不大的动词like, love, prefer, hate, begin, start, intend等动词后面接动词不定式多指具体的动作;接动名词多指一般或习惯性行为。She started_playing/to_play the violin when she was four4跟不定式和动名词作宾语意义相同,但形式不同的动词在主语表示物的句子中,且作“需要”讲时,need, want, require后接ving形式和不定式形式所表示的意义相同,但是ving形式用主动式,不定式用被动式。Your Tshirt needs_washing/to_be_washedMy bicycle wants_repairing/to_be_repaired5跟不定式和动名词作宾语均可,但是意义不同的动词trymeanforget/rememberregretgo onstopcant help限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1(2018全国卷)You dont have to run fast or for long _ (see) the benefit答案:to see句意:为了证实跑步的好处,你不必跑得太快或者太久。用不定式作目的状语。2(2018全国卷)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _ (die) early by running 答案:dying作介词of的宾语,使用动名词,故填dying。3(2019福建百所重点学校高三联考) _ (use) a different mental approach might help explain why people with math anxiety struggle more with complex problems 答案:Using根据空格和整个句子的结构可知,此处缺少主语,故使用动名词using和后面的a different mental approach一起作主语,表示一种概念、习惯和经验。4(2018天津高考)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph _ (take)答案:takenhave sth done “让被做”,photograph与take之间为被动关系,故用taken。5(2018全国卷)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel _ (challenge)答案:looking; challengedavoid后接动名词作宾语,avoid doing sth意为“避免做某事”。feel为系动词,后接形容词,此处表“被挑战的”,修饰人,故用challenged。6(2018全国卷)He was just saying:“Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _ (stay) and watch答案:to stay此处allow sb to do sth是固定结构,意为“允许某人做某事”,因此应填to stay。7(2018浙江高考)I still remember _ (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time答案:visiting此处作remember的宾语,由句意可知,后面应该使用visiting。8(2018浙江高考)While regularly eating out seems to _ (become) common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost答案:have become此处seem to后面跟动词原形,但是从后面的“in recent years”可知填不定式的完成式,故填have become。9(2018北京高考)_ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience答案:Travel(l)ing句意:沿着丝绸之路旅游是一个有趣又有回报的经历。分析句子的结构,句子中缺少主语,故填Travel(l)ing。10(2018北京高考)During the MidAutumn Festival, family members often gather together _ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes答案:to share句意:在中秋节期间,家人们经常聚集在一起来吃饭、赏月和吃月饼。句子的谓语是gather,空格处用不定式作目的状语。 11(2018北京高考)Ordinary soap, _ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively答案:used句意:普通肥皂,如果正确地使用,能够有效地对付细菌。空格处的动词use与前面的soap构成动宾关系,指肥皂被使用,故填used。12(2019长春实验中学期末)Dont get _ (depress) by a big, longterm goalsee what steps you can take to achieve it 答案:depressed句意:不要对宏伟长期的目标感到压抑看看你能采取什么措施实现这个目标。根据前面的get可知,此处是“get过去分词”的结构,故使用depressed。13(2018天津高考)I didnt mean _ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help _ (try) it答案:to eat; trying句意:我不打算吃任何东西,但是这冰激凌看起来如此好以至于我忍不住吃了它。固定短语mean to do “打算做”, couldnt help doing “忍不住做”。14(2018江苏高考)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _ (exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts答案:exceeding句意:在这期间,新增就业岗位约13,500个,超过市场分析师认为的预期数量12,000。分析全句可知,这里指前一件事情所带来的自然而然的结果,故用现在分词作结果状语。故填exceeding。15(2017北京高考)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ (range) from butterflies to elephants答案:ranging句意:国家公园里有一大批的野生生物,从蝴蝶到大象都有。根据语境可知,此处用现在分词形式作定语,表示“包括(从到)之间的各类事物”。16(2017江苏高考)Many Chinese brands, _ (develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market答案:having developed句意:很多中国的品牌,历经几个世纪树立了良好声誉,正在面临来自现代市场的新挑战。develop的逻辑主语是Many Chinese brands,两者之间为主动关系,同时后面有时间状语over centuries,因此用现在分词的完成式,即having done的形式。17(2017天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _ (allow) more patients to be treated答案:allowing句意:这家医院近期获得了新的医疗设备,这让更多的病人可以接受治疗。allow与其逻辑主语medical equipment之间是主动关系,所以要用ving形式作结果状语。18(2017北京高考)Jane moved aimlessly down the treelined street, not _ (know) where she was heading答案:knowing句意:简沿着绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着,不知道要去哪里。逻辑主语Jane与know之间是主动关系,且know表示的动作和句子谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,因此用现在分词knowing,表伴随。19(2016全国卷)My ambassadorial duties will include _ (introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia答案:introducing动词include后缺宾语,需用所给动词的动名词形式作宾语。20(2016全国卷)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely _ (bring) your work home答案:to bring句意:如果你在办公室外面发现了你喜欢做的事情,你就不太可能把工作带回家去做。be likely to do sth“可能做某事”。21(2018湖南三校联考)Former Chinese premier Zhu Rongji is said _ (donate) nearly 40 million yuan of all of his books royalty (版税) income over the past two years答案:to have donated由时间状语over the past two years可知,此处应用不定式的完成式。Sb be said to have done sth “据说某人已经做过某事”。22(2018江西九江十校联考)But conservationists say that _ (make) ivory legal to sell would lead to even more illegal hunting答案:making句意:但(自然环境)保护主义者说使象牙出售合法化会导致甚至更多的非法捕猎。设空处作宾语从句的主语,表达的内容并非指某一次的具体行为,故用动名词形式作主语。因此填making。23(2018河南重点高中质检)I felt hopeless and lonely, and more _ (depress) than I knew was possible答案:depressed句意:我感到绝望、孤独及前所未有过的沮丧。设空处作felt的表语,故填depressed。24(2019牡丹江一中高三摸底)_ (face) with a difficult situation, Amold decided to ask his boss for advice答案:Facedbe faced with “面对着”;本句中应使用短语faced with 对句子主语Amold的情况进行说明,且在句中作原因状语。句意:面对着艰难的形势,Amold决定向老板征询建议。 25(2018江西红色七校一联)It is _ (shock) that some investment banks even judge candidates by whether they wear brown shoes答案:shocking句意:令人震惊的是:一些投资银行甚至根据申请者是否穿棕色鞋子来对他们作出评判。shocking “令人震惊的”;shocked “感到震惊的”。这两者都是分词化的形容词,ving多修饰物;ved多修饰人。二、单句改错1(2019昆明市高三摸底)Lions, tigers and other animals are staying awake at night avoid human beings, a new study finds_答案:avoid前加to句意:一项新的研究发现,狮子、老虎以及其他的动物在夜间保持清醒旨在避开人类。此处用动词不定式作目的状语,故avoid前加to。2(2019惠州高三第一次调研)After purchase seedlings, we chose a place where the seedlings could get proper water and sunshine_答案:purchasepurchasing介词after后应跟动词ing形式作宾语。3(2018北京高考)In my first PE class, the teacher required us run laps and then hit a softball_答案:run前加to根据require sb to do sth “要求某人做某事”可知,此处使用不定式作宾语补足语。4(2018江苏高考)With a new farm bill debating in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers_答案:debatingto be debated分析句子的结构,此处为“with名词不定式”的复合结构。分析句意,指法案将在国会进行辩论,bill与debate之间存在着被动关系,故用不定式的被动式。5(2018浙江高考)Move into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience_答案:MoveMoving根据句子的结构,此处Move into a new home in a new neighborhood部分作主语,而动词短语不能直接作主语,故将Move改为Moving。6(2018全国卷)Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud_答案:waitwaiting主语Everyone与wait之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作状语,因此将wait改成waiting。7(2018全国卷)When being combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”_答案:去掉being因为逻辑主语frozen bananas与combine之间是被动关系,故状语从句省略后用过去分词combined; combine在句中逻辑主语与其并非主动关系,且无动作

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论