关于洛阳英语导游词.doc

关于洛阳英语导游词 TransportationiswelldevelopedinLuoyang.BeijiaoAirporthasmanydomesticflightsextendingtomanylargecitiesinotherprovinces.ItsalsoveryeasytogettoLuoyangbytrainbecauseoneofChinasmostimportantrailwaylinesLongHaiRailwaytraversesthecityandconnectsmostcitiesineast,westandcentralChina.Theconvenientcitybusesandtaxiescancarryyouaroundthecity.Neartherailwaystation,specialtouristbusescantakeyoutothetouristspotsinthesuburbanareasofthecity. Luoyang,acharmingcityfilledwiththefragranceofpeoniesandtheprimitiveatmosphereofancientcivilization,iswaitingandwelingguestsfromallovertheworld.PuttingthecityintothelistofyourexplorationinChina,youwillgetfarmorethanwhatyouexpect. TheLongmenGrottosareontheYiheRiverbank,some12kilometersfromancientLuoyangcity,about30minutesdrive.ItisoneofthethreemostimportantBuddhistsculpturesandcarvingsinChina.TheLongmenGrottosenjoyagoodlocationwheretwomountainsconfronteachotherbetweenwhichflowstheYiheRiver. ThegrottowasfirstcarvedinNorthWeiDynasty,over1500yearsagoandexpandedthroughthesueedingEastandWestWeiDynasties,NorthQiDynasty,NorthZhouDynasty,SuiandTangDynastiesandwasfinallypletedinNorthSongDynasty.Over500yearsrenovationandexpansionhavecreatedtheprestigiousworldculturalsite.ThemostsignificantchiselingactivitieshappenedintheTangandNorthWeiDynasties,whichlastedover150years. Spanningalengthofaround1kilometeronthehillsidealongtheYiheRiver,thenichesresembledozensofhoneybsdottingthearea.Thereareabout2.100grottoesandniches,over40crematoryurns,3,600inscribedstonetabletsandover100,000Buddhistimagesandstatues.Thelargestoneis17metershighwhilethesmallestisatinyas2cm.OnethirdoftheplexareworksoftheNorthWeiDynasty.ThesemasterpiecesaretheBinyangCave,andLianhua(LotusCave).TheimpressiveQianxiTemple,FengxianTemple,WanfoCave(TenThousandBuddhistCave)arethehighlightsoftheTangDynastscarvings.TheLongmenGrottosareofgreatvalueinworldsculpturehistoryandithasbeenlistedintheWorldCulturalHeritageSitebytheUNESCO.Toprotectsuchavaluableheritagesite,theChinesegovernmentaswellassomeinfluentialworldculturalorganizationsaretryinghardtosharethissitewiththewholeword.Alarge-scaledrenovationwasundertakeninxxtokeepthegrottosingoodcondition. Locatedatthe12kilometerseastofLuoyangcity,theWhiteHorseTempleisoneoftheoldestBuddhisttemplesinChinaandisrenownedasthecradleofChineseBuddhism.AlthoughitisnotthelargestnorthemostbeautifulBuddhismmonumentinChina,thistemplewithitslargenumberofBuddhismitemshousedthere,iswellworthatrip. AninterestinglegendrelatedtothetemplegoesthatawhitehorsecarriedthefirstBuddhistscriptfromIndiahereinancienttimehencethenameWhiteHorseTemple.HistoryrecordsthatthesitewasoriginaltheplaceusedbythesecondHanEmperor-LiuZhuangasasummerresortandforstudy.In68AD,whenBuddhismreacheditsheydayinIndia,twoIndianmonksbroughtBuddhistscripturestoLuoyangonthebackofawhitehorse.Theemperor,whowasadevoutBuddhismbeliever,builtthetempletohousethescripturesandnameditWhiteHorseTemple.Itwassaidthattherewereoncethousandsofmonkslivinginthetemple.ItwasevenusedasarefugeesanctuaryduringthesocialturmoilofWangMangintheEasternHanDynasty. ThetwomonkswhobroughtscripturesfromIndiawereburiedhere.ManymonksfromoutsideChinahavevisitedthemonkandmanyofthemhavespenttherestoftheirtimeinthattemple.ThefamousTangDynastymonk-Xuanzangstartedhis17yearslongpilgrimagetriptoIndianfromthetemple.Afterreturning,XuanzhangbecametheabbotoftheWhiteHorseTemple,wherehedisseminatedthescripturesofBuddhismfortherestofhislife. AttheendofGuanlinNanLu,GuanlinTemplewasbuilttomemoratethegreatgeneralGuanyuoftheStateofShuduringtheThreeKingdomsPeriod.IntheRomanceofThreeKingdoms,theShugeneralGuanyuwasdefeated,capturedandexecutedbySunquan,theruleroftheStateofWu.FearingrevengefromGuanyusbloodbrotherLiubeiwhowastheruleroftheStateofShu,SunquanorderedtosendGuanyusheadtoCaocao-rulerofWeiinanattempttodeflecttheresponsibilityforthedeath.Caocao,however,wasanadmirerofGuansloyaltyandbravery.HeorderedawoodenbodybecarvedtoaompanytheheadbeforeGuanyuwasburied. Verylittleisknownaboutwhenthetemplewasfirstbuilt.TheplexwasdevelopedduringtheMingDynastyandwasunderwentseveralrenovationandexpansionduringthesueedingQingDynasty.Itsnowprisedofhalls,temples,pavilionsandGuansTomb.Somevaluablestonetabletswithelegantcalligraphiesarealsofoundhere.Theplaceisverypopularamongthelocalswhoworshipthevalorousgeneralbyburningsticksofincense. AninterestingoldsayinggoesthatSuzhouandHangzhouaregoodplacestolive,whileLuoyangisagoodplacetodie.Manyoftheancientemperors,princes,generalsandotherpubliccelebritiestookthisadviceandleftordersthattheyweretobeburiedinLuoyangaftertheirdeath.Thereareover20ancienttombsdatingfromtheHanDynastytotheNorthSongDynasty.Amuseumwasbuiltatthesitewheremanyancienttombswereexcavated. ThemuseumisattheMangHillinthenorthsuburbofthecity,about8kilometersfromthecitycenter.Coveringanareaofaround3hectare,ithastwoparts:theundergroundandabovegroundparts.TheabovegroundpartcontainsaHan-stylegate,somehalls.TombmodelsfromtheStoneAgetotheHanDynasty,restoredfuneraryobjectsandfuneralritualsaredisplayedintheeasternhall. Theundergroundsectionisatombgroupssitewhichisabout7metersunderground.ThereareNorthandSouthSongDynastiesHall,WeiandJinDynastiesHall,TangandSongDynastiesHallandahallforrefineditemsexcavatedfromthetombs.Manyofthevividlypaintedmurals,valuablerelicsandanumberofpotteryfiguresareondisplayhere.Visitorscanalsofindthemodelsofancienttombs.22ancienttombsrestoredtotheiroriginalstylesaredisplayedhere. Luoyangservedasthecapitalsforalongperiodoftime.Historyhaslefttheplacealargenumberofhistoricalrarerelics.ManyoftheserarelyseemitemscanbefoundattheLuoyangMuseum.Themuseumislocatedatthecitycenter,veryeasytofind. Themuseumsexhibitioncenterdisplaysrefinedancientitemsincludingbronzewares,ceramics,goldandsilverartifactsandjade.Theseexhibitionsofferagoodillustrationofthecitysgrandpast. Luoyangisrenownedas:thecityofpeony.Thecityhaslongbeenfamousforitsbeautifulpeonyflowers.Peony,hasbeencalledtheKingofFlowersforitsgorgeouscharmandunbelievablybeauty.TheFlowerhasbeenasymbolofgraceinChina.AncientChinesepoetsonceparedpeonywiththebeautifulandelegantladiesandthoughtthetwowereequallypleasanttotheeye. Luoyanghasalonghistoryofplantingpeony