八年级英语上册unit 1知识要点（北师大附中xx版新目标）

1 / 14 八年级英语上册 Unit 1 知识要点（北师大附中 XX 版新目标） 本资料为 WoRD文档，请点击下载地址下载全文下载地址莲 山课件 m 新目标英语八年级上讲义 Unit1 1.复合不定代词： 指人 :someoneanyonenooneeveryone 某人某人，任何人没有人每人 somebodyanybodynobodyeverybody 指物： somethinganythingnothingeverything 某物某物，任何事物没有东西每件事物 1)复合不定代词做主语，谓 语动词用单三 . Nobodyknowstheanswertothequestion. 2)some 一般用于肯定句中， any 一般用于否定句和疑问句中 . Thereisn tanythingintheroom. Isthereanythingintheroom? Ihavesomethingtodotoday. 2 / 14 Idon thaveanythingtodotoday. Thereissomeoneoutsidethedoor. Thereisn tanyoneoutsidethedoor. Isthereanyoneoutsidethedoor? 3)在表示邀请，请求，建议希望得到对方肯定回答时，用some, 不用 any Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink/eat? 4)肯定句中 anything 表示任何事物 ,anyone=anybody 任何人 Icandoanythingforyou. Anybodyknowstheanswer. 5)形容词或 todo形式修饰复合不定代词时要后置 . Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou. Thereisn tanythinginterestinghere. Doyouwantsomethingtodrink/eat? 6)noteverybody/everyone/everything 表示部分否定，意为 并非都 Noteverythinggoeswell. notany 和 no 表示全部否定 3 / 14 ,butheardnothing. Helistened,butdidn thearanything. notanything=nothingnotanyone/body=noone/nobody =Thereisn tanythinginthebottle. 7)noone 指人，回答 Who提问 ,nooneof/nobody 不能加 of nothing 指物 ,不能加 ofnone 指人或物，回答 Isthere?提问 noneof ?Noone. Isthereanyoneintheroom?None. 2.表地点复合不定副词： somewhereanywhere 某地，肯定句中某地，否定句和疑问句中 /任何地方，肯定句中 nowhereeverywhere 没有地方到处，每个地方 ,用于肯定句中 精彩的 Itissuchawonderfulfilmthatweallenjoyit. who wonderv.想知道 what 引导的宾语从句，用陈述句语序 4 / 14 why =Iwanttoknowwhotheboyis. Iwonderwhattheyaredoing.=Iwanttoknowwhattheyaredoing. wonder+特殊疑问词 +todo =Iwanttoknowwhattodo.=IwonderwhatIshoulddo. Iwonderwheretogo./Iwonderhowtodothat. 4、几乎没有 few后接可数名词复数 （否） little后接不可数名词 肯 afew 有一些，后加可数名词复数 quiteafew 相当多，不少 alittle 有点，后加不可数名词 quitealittle 相当多，不少 onlyafew 只有一点 onlyalittle veryfew 非常少 verylittle 肯 Ihavefewfriends.否 Ihavequiteafewfriends. alittle 修 饰 adj.=kindof=alittlebit 大部分时间 mostofthefood 5 / 14 mostofus/them mostof+n.=most+n. =moststudentslikeEnglish. =Sure.=certainly.当然 . 7.反身代词 第一人称： myselfourselves 我们自己 第二人称： yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称： himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 themselves 他们自己 似乎，好像 1)seemtobe+形容词 /名词 =seem+形容词 /名词似乎 =Thatseemshermother. Itseemstobetoodifficult.=Itseemstoodifficult. 2)seemtodosth Heseemstohaveacold. 3)Itseemsthat+从句 . Itseemsthatheishappy.=Heseemstobehappy.=Heseemshappy. 感到无聊的修饰人 boring 令人厌烦的修饰事或物 Ifeelbored,becausethemovieisboring. beboredwith 对 感到无聊 6 / 14 mboredwiththeboringmovie. /writeadiary=keep/writediaries 记日记 (keep优先使用 ) 活动 activities 复数 ? 决定 1)decidetodosth. 决 定 做 某 事=makeadecisiontodosth=makeone sminddoingsth Theydecidetovisitthemuseum. decidenottodosth 决定不要做某事 decide+疑问词 +动词不定式 Hecannotdecidewhentoleave. 2)decide+宾语从句（陈述句语序） Hecan tdecidewhenheleaves. Ican tdecidewhereIshouldgo.改为同义句 Ican tdecidewheretogo. 努力尽力去做某事 trydoingsth.试着做某事 tryone sbesttodosth=doone sbesttodosth 尽最大努力做某事 7 / 14 haveatry 试一试 tryon试穿 1）给 的感觉，后接从句 Hefeelslikeheisswimming. IfeltlikeIwasabird. 2)feellike 想要后接名词 /代词 /doingsth feellikedoingsth=wanttodosth=wouldliketodosth想要做某事 Doyoufeelliketakingawalkwithme？ Doyouwanttotakeawalkwithme? 3)feel+形容词 ,感到 Ifeelbored. look+adj. looklike+n. 看起来 taste尝起来 be(waswereisamare) sound听起来 feel 感觉摸起来系动词 +adj. smell闻起来 seem 似乎 建筑 n.体格 ofmediumbuild 中等身材 buildingn.建筑物 ,大楼 buildern.建筑师 不同点 -differencesn.复数 8 / 14 differentadj. 不 同 的 bedifferentfrom 不同于 =notthesameas )chinesenamesaredifferentfromEnglishnames.=chinesenamesaren tthesameasEnglishnames. 2)I mdifferentfromyou.=I mnotthesameasyou. 3)Ican tseethedifferencesbetweenthebusesinthepicture. n.不同之处 在山顶 ,面 atthetopofthehill 在山顶 ,点（最高点） atthefootofthehill 在山脚下 walkuptothehilltop 径直走向山顶 cometop 登顶，得第一 +人或物 wait不及物动词，连接 for llwaitforyouatthedoor. Hewaitedoveranhourforthetrain.(Hewaitedforthetrainoveranhour.) can twaittodosth 迫不及待做某事 ,Ican twait. +从句 becauseof+n./pron./doing 9 / 14 Becausetheweatherwasbad,wecouldn tseeanythingbelow. Becauseofthebadweather,wecouldn tseeanythingbelow. )adj足够的，修饰名词做定语 Wehaveenoughtimetodoourhomework. Ihaveenoughmoney. 2)adv.足够地，充分地，用来修饰形容词或副词，一般置于被修饰词之后 Iknowhimwellenough.我足够了解他。 Herunsfastenough.他跑得足够快。 +adj/adv+that+从句如此 以至于 too+adj/adv+todosth.太。而不能。 not+adj+enoughtodosth.不足够。去做某事 Heissoyoungthathecan tlookafterhimself. Heisn toldenoughtolookafterhimself. 饥饿的 hungern.饥饿 inhunger 处于饥饿中 的用法 : as+adj./adv.+as ，意为 “ 像 一样 ，如同用来表示程度 Tomplayssoccerwell,andIplayitaswellashim. Lilysingsaswellasasinger. 10 / 14 介词，表示作为，当做 Heworksasateacherfor10years. 连词，意为像，按照 youmustdoeverythingasItoldyou. 连词意为 “ 当 的时候 ” Asthestudentsweretalking,mrWangcamein. liketodosth/doingsth (vt.)及物动词 visit+人拜访访问 visit+地点参观游览 (n.)beonavisitto beonavisitto+人或 +地点 WeareonavisittotheGreatWall. 去度假 beonavacation 在度假 +地点 +withsb.和某人一起去某地 ,Iwenttotheparkwithmyfamily. Didyougowithanyone? gooutwithsb.和某人一起出去 Whodidyougooutwith? 好久不见 .=It salongtimenottosee. =takeaphoto 拍照 11 / 14 takemanyphotos takequiteafewphotos takephotosofsb/sth 给 拍照 大部分时间 snoisyheremostofthetime. mostofthefoodgoesbad. 呆在家 stayhealthy 保持健康 stayuplate 熬夜 品尝 Let stastethebread. 系动词 ,尝起来 +形容词 Thebreadtastesdelicious. =havefun=enjoyoneself 玩的高兴 Theyareenjoyingthemselvesonthebeach. Iamenjoyingmyselfonthebeach. haveagoodtime havefun+doingsth enjoyoneself ?=Howdoyoulike? 你觉得 怎么样？ =为某人买某物 mymotherboughtabikeforme. mymotherboughtmeabike. =dosomeshopping 去购物 =learnbyoneself 自学 12 / 14 Helpyourselftosth.随便吃点 喂养 1)feedwithsth 用 喂 Sheisfeedingthebabywithporridge. 2)feedon 以 为食 Horsesfeedongrass. 3)feedsthto 把 喂给 Heisfeedinggrasstothehorse. but 除了 什么也没有，其后接 n/pron/动词原形 ,只有 IhadnothingmuchtodobutwatchTV. 似乎没人觉得无聊 . . 发表 看法 ? +大地方 arriveat+小地方 getto/reach HearrivedinAmericanbyplaneyesterday,andIwillgettherenextwee