3G通讯的发展与应用趋势（英文版）(ppt 46).ppt

3G通訊的發展與應用趨勢技術篇,Contents,BasicConceptofMobileSystem,DevelopmentofMobileCommunication,GSMNetworkArchitecture,CDMANetworkArchitecture,Objectives,Understandthedevelopmentof3GNametheconceptofthethreedifferentmultipleaccesstechnologiesandunderstandwhereeachbeusedUnderstandtheIMT-2000system,Oncompletionofthissectionwillbeableto:,DifferentPeriod,DifferentRequirement,DifferentRequirement,DifferentTechnology,3Gprovidescustomersandoperatorswithcompleteintegratedservicesolutions,MultipleAccessTechnologies,Basedoncodes,allusersobtaintrafficchannelsatthesametimeandonthesamefrequencyband,forexample,WCDMAandCDMA2000,Trafficchannelsondifferentfrequencybandsareallocatedtodifferentusers,forexample,AMPSandTACS,Trafficchannelsatdifferenttimeslotsareallocatedtodifferentusers,forexample,DAMPSandGSM,Objectivesof3G,Globallyuniversalfrequencybandandstandard,globalseamlesscoverageHighlyeffectivespectrumefficiencyHigherqualityofservice,securityandreliabilityEasytosmoothlydevelopandtransitfrom2G,compatiblewith2GinareversedirectionProvidingmultimediaservices,withtherateofupto2MbpsVehicleenvironment:144kbpsEnvironmentforwalk:384kbpsIndoorenvironment:2Mbps,IMT-2000TechnicalSpecificationSystem,3G,System,WCDMA,CoreNetwork：BasedonMAP&GPRS,RTT：WCDMAFDD/TDD,TD-SCDMA,RTTSpecification：TD-SCDMA,Othersystems:,EDGE,DECT,CDMA2000,Network：BasedonANSI41&MAP,RTT：CDMA2000,ComparisonoftheThreeModes,WCDMA,cdma2000,TD-SCDMA,Structureofthereceiver,RAKE,RAKE,RAKE,ClosedloopPowercontrol,Supported,Supported,Supported,Handoff,Soft/hardhandoff,Demodulationmode,Coherentdemodulation,Chiprate(Mcps),3.84,N*1.2288,1.28,Modeoftransmitdiversity,TSTDSTTDFBTD,OTDSTS,No,Modeofsynchronization,Asynchronous,Synchronous,Asynchronous,Corenetwork,GSMMAP,ANSI-41,GSMMAP,Coherentdemodulation,Coherentdemodulation,Soft/hardhandoff,Soft/hardhandoff,Contents,BasicConceptsofMobileSystem,DevelopmentofMobileCommunication,GSMNetworkArchitecture,CDMANetworkArchitecture,Objectives,Oncompletionofthissectionthestudentwillbeableto:,Namethedataservices,Understandthe3locationservices,DataServices,0,32,64,9.6,128,144,384,2,000,VideoStreaming,Voice,TextMessaging,StillImaging,AudioStreaming,Electronicnewspaper,High-qualityvideoconference,Telephone(Voice),VoiceMail,E-Mail,Fax,Electronicbook,Sports,newsandweatherreportondemand,Singingroom,Low-qualityvideoconference,JPEGStillPhotos,MobileRadio,VideoSurveillance,VideoMail,Travel,Image,Data,Weather,transportation,news,sportsandsecurities,MobileTV,E-commerce,RemoteMedicalService,Developmentorientationofanetwork,Thereare3locationtechnologystandards:,LocationServices,GPS-aidedmeasurementAccuracy:Suburbs-10mCity-3070mIndoorunabletolocateResponsetime:310sMeasurementofbasestationpilotphaseAccuracy:50200mResponsetime:36sLocatingofacellIDAccuracy:dependsonthesizeofacellResponsetime:within3s,VVVROOM!,110!Bandit!,Thesystemtransferstothenearestalarmprocessingcenterbasedonthelocationinformationoftheuserreportinganalarm.Analarmbuttoncanbesetonausersmobilephonetoachievethegoalofreportinganalarmwithoutanyconversation.,LocationServices,Contents,BasicConceptsofMobileSystem,DevelopmentofMobileCommunication,GSMNetworkArchitecture,CDMANetworkArchitecture,Objectives,NamethefrequencyspectrumusedinGSMNametheserviceareaNamethetwodifferentcelltypesandunderstandwhyandwheneachwouldbeused.Nametheconceptoffrequencyreuse.UnderstandtheCharacteristicofradiocommunication,Oncompletionofthissectionwillbeableto:,TheDivisionOfRadioFrequency,Differentfrequencyhasdifferentpropagationcharacteristics,TheDivisionOfRadioFrequency,300-3000GHz,EHF,ExtremelyHigh,Frequency,30-300GHz,SHF,SuperHighFrequency,3-30GHz,UHF,UltraHighFrequency,300-3000MHz,VHF,VeryHighFrequency,30-300MHz,HF,HighFrequency,3-30MHz,MF,MediumFrequency,300-3000KHz,LF,LowFrequency,30-300KHz,VLF,Very-lowFrequency,3-30KHz,VF,VoiceFrequency,300-3000Hz,ELF,ExtremelyLow,Frequency,30-300Hz,3-30Hz,Designation,Classification,Frequency,IMT-2000FrequencyAssignment,ITU,Europe,USA,MSS,PCS,A,D,B,B,C,D,C,E,F,A,F,E,MSS,Reserve,Broadcastauxiliary,2165,MHz,1990,MHz,1850,1900,1950,2000,2050,2100,2150,220,0,225,0,1880,MHz,1980,MHz,UMTS,GSM1800,DECT,MSS,1885,MHz,2025,MHz,2010,MHz,IMT2000,MSS,UMTS,Japan,MSS,IMT2000,MSS,IMT2000,PHS,1895,1918,C,1885,A,A,2170,MHz,IMT2000,2110,MHz,2170,MHz,MSS,MSS,CDMA,TDD,WLL,FDD,WLL,1980,2025,MHz,GSM,1800,CDMA,FDD,WLL,1960,1920,1945,China,cellular(1),cellular(2),cellular(2),1805,MHz,1865,1865,1870,1885,1890,1895,1910,1930,1945,1965,1970,1975,TheFrequencySpectrum,TACS/GSM,Separation45MHzChannelBandwidth:200KHz,TheFrequencySpectrum,Separation:95MHzChannelBandwidth:200KHz,DCS1800,TheFrequencySpectrum,CDMA,450MHz800MHz1900MHz2100MHz,Separationincreases,ServiceArea,CELL,Omni-DirectionalCells,120DegreeSectors,FrequencyRe-Use,4(Site)X3(Cell)Re-use,5,1,9,6,10,2,7,3,11,5,9,1,10,2,12,8,4,11,7,3,9,5,1,6,Illustrationof4*3FrequencyReuse,ForwardwaveandEarthreflectionwave（normalpropagationmodel）,Tropospherelayreflectionradiowave（propagationwiththerandomicity）,Mountaindiffractedwave（signaloriginofshadowarea）,ionospherereflectionradiowave（oversightcommunicationapproach）,Radiowavebroadcastpath,DownlinkandUplink,Downlink(inGSM)Forward(inCDMA),Uplink(inGSM)Reverse(inCDMA),PowerControl,SavebatterypowerReduceinterference,8W,0.8W,5W,BothUplinkandDownlinkpowersettingscanbecontrolledindependentlyandindividually.,Handoff,Keepvoice/datasuccessionIncreasenetworkservicequalityLowvoice/datadroppingrateBettervoice/dataquality,TypesofHandoff,SofthandoffAmulti-sectorshandoff,inwhichthemobilestationkeepsconnectingwiththepreviousbasestation.Softhandoffenhancesthevoicequalityanddecreasesthepossibilityofcalldropping.SofterhandoffJustlikethesofthandoff,thesofterhandofftakesplaceamongthemulti-sectorsinthesamebasestation.HardhandoffInthecourseofhandoff,themobilestationwillbedisconnectedfromthepreviousbasestationbeforeconnectingwiththenextbasestation.AndthiskindofhandoffischaracterizedbyatemporarydisconnectionofthetrafficchannelandincludesFrequencychangehardhandoffIntersystemhardhandoff,SoftHandoff/SofterHandoff,Multi-pathcombinationintheBSCduringsofthandoffMulti-pathcombinationintheBTSduringsofterhandoffs,Combineallthepowerfromeachsector,Powerreceivedfromasinglesector,Whenloadsofadjacentcellsaredifferent,thecellwithheavierloadlowsitstransmitrateandusersattheedgeofthecellhandofftotheadjacentcells,soastoimplementloadcontrol.,CellBreath,Dynamiccellloadallocationbycellbreathbringsbetternetworkcoverageandlargersystemcapacity.,Loadcontrolmainlyinvolvescellbreathandhandoffbetweencellsondifferentfrequencies.,MultipathFading,Diversity,TimediversityBlockinterleaving,error-correcting.FrequencydiversityInGSMsystem,useFrequencyHoppingTheCDMAsignalenergyisdistributedonthewhole1.23MHZbandwidth.SpacediversityTheintroductionoftwinreceiveantennas.TheRAKEReceiversofthemobilestationandthebasestationcancombinethesignalsofdifferenttimedelay.Duringahandoff,themobilestationcontactsmultiplebasestationsandsearchesforthestrongestframe.,SpaceDiversity,Whendiversityisimplementedtwoantennasaresituatedatthereceiver.Theseantennasareplacedseveralwavelengthsaparttoensureminimumcorrelationbetweenthetworeceivepaths.,Thetwosignalsarethencombined,thisensuresthatalowsignalstrengthislesslikelytooccur.,Compareoraddsignals,ResultantSignal,FrequencyHopping,EachtimetheBTSormobiletransmitsaburst,itdoessoonadifferentRFcarrierfrequency.,time,frequency,RAKEReceiver,TheRAKEtechnologycanovercomethemulti-pathfadingandenhancethereceiveperformanceofthesystem.,Receiveset,Correlator1,Correlator2,Correlator3,Searchercorrelator,Calculatethetimedelayandsignalstrength,Combiner,Thecombinedsignal,t,t,s(t),s(t),VAD&DTX,Encodingthespeechsilencesatarateof500bit/sratherthanthefull13Kb/s.Ifthemobiledoesnottransmitduringsilencethereisareductionintheoverallpoweroutputrequirement,WithoutDTX,WithDTX,ComfortNoise,Contents,BasicConceptsofMobileSystem,DevelopmentofMo