高考英语阅读理解中的深层理解技巧.ppt

高考英语阅读理解中的深层理解技巧,高考阅读理解中的深层理解技巧,ReadingComprehensionSkillsDeeplayercomprehension,深层理解题,1、题目(title),2、文章中心（mainidea),3、写作目的（purpose),4、作者态度（attitude),5.内容的深层推理(inference),一、题目,题目的特点,1、独特新颖,2、涵盖性强,3、短小精炼,Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?Thebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticleis,题目判断方法是寻找主题句或主题段落，从开头、中间或结尾概括,没有主题句的要从全文大意来概括.,常用的表达句式：,解题技巧：,1、主题句出现在开头。模式：总分分（演绎法）即开门见山。新闻报道、说明文、议论文常用此方式。,Passage1,Thebesttitleforthistextwouldbe,A.PetsHelpAttractCustomers,B.YourFavoriteOfficePets,C.PetsJointheWorkforce,D.BusyLifeforPets,Passage2,Petownersarebeingencouragedtotaketheiranimalstowork,amovescientistssaycanbegoodforproductivity,workplacemorale，andthewell-beingofanimals.,Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?,A.ACross-countryTripB.ASpecialBorderPassC.AnUnguardedBorderD.AnExpensiveChurchVisit,Montreal(Reuters)-CrossingtheUS-Canadaborder(边界)togotochurchonaSundaycostaUScitizen$10000forbreakingWashingtonsstrictnewsecurity（安全）rules.,C,D,、主题句出现在结尾。模式：分分总（归纳法）即先摆事实，后作结论。,Passage3,Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?,Alice-citiescitiesofthefuture?B.SpacetravelwithH.G.WellsC.EnjoylivingundergroundD.Buildingdown,notup,Supportersofundergrounddevelopmentsaythatbuildingdownratherthanbuildingupisagoodwaytousetheearthsspace.Thesurface,theysay,canbeusedforfarms,parks,gardens,andwilderness.H.G.Wells“moonpeople”wouldagree.Wouldyou?,D,导引摆事实结论,3、主题句出现在中间。模式：分总分（即通过导引部分引出主题再进行论述）。,Passage4,Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?,LungcanceristheNo.1cancerkillerB.SmokingisabadhabitDr.DerekRaghavanadvisespeopletostopsmokingWhydidPeterJenningsdieofLungcancer?,LungcanceristheworstcancerkillerinAmericaaccordingtotheAmericanCancerSociety.About160,440Americansdieeachyearfromlungcancer,accountingfor28percentofallcancerdeaths.Morethan87percentoflungcancersaresmokingrelated,accordingtotheLungCancerOrganization.,A,4、无主题句，题目要从整体文章中概括。要特别留意文章的事实和线索。,Passage5,Whichofthefollowingwouldbethetitleforthetext?,A.ChildhoodDreamB.AMothersLoveC.AGraduationPartyD.ASpecialBirthday,Facts:my12thbirthdaymygraduationdancefeellovedlikethegardeniamothersdeathClue:love,B,二、文章中心,1、直接文章中心：直接从文章的信息点提到或概括出来的中心主旨。,常用的句式有：ThemainideaofthepassageisThepassageismainlyaboutWhatsthemainsubjectofthepassage?,解题技巧：概括文章的中心方法基本上跟题目判断方法一致。,特别注意：,文章中的but,however,asaresult,therefore等词。它们通常是引出中心主旨的方向词。而forexample,first,ortobeginwith等是引出细节的信息词，在它们之前往往提到文章的中心主旨。,Passage6,Youmightthinkthat“globalwarming”meansnothingmorethanariseintheworldstemperature.But,risingsealevelscausedbyithaveresultedinthefirstevacuation(撤离)ofanislandnation-thecitizensofTuvaluwillhavetoleavetheirhomeland.,Thetextismainlyabout,rapidchangesinearthstemperatureB.badeffectsofglobalwarmingC.movingofacountrytoanewplaceD.reasonsforlowlandflooding,B,2.隐含文章中心：从文章表面的信息去推断文章隐藏的中心主旨。,常用的句式：FromthetextwecanlearnthatFromthepassage,wecanconcludethatFromthepassage,wecaninferthatThetextimplies(suggests)that,Passage7,Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat,BabbagefailedtobeafamousscientistatCambridge.Babbagealwayshadnewideasbutgavethemupeasily.Babbagealwaysneededsupportfromthegovernmentofficials.Babbagewasthefirstdesignerofthemoderncomputer.,D,三、写作目的,1、文章目的：跟文章中心归纳一致。,常用表达的句式：Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?Thepurposeofthispassageis,2、作者的写作目的：是作者写这篇文章的言外之意。,常用的表达句式：Whatstheauthorspurposeofwritingthisarticle?TheauthorwritesthispassageinordertoThepurposeofthespeakeris,Thepurposeofthespeakeris.,tosatisfythecustomersvarioustastestokeeptheauthorsinthecinemabookstoreC.toofferthetouristschancestomeetthefilmstarsD.toturnthereadersintofilmproduces,A,Passage8,四、作者态度、倾向,作者态度，倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不决，对记叙文或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨等。,常用的表达句式：Theauthorsattitudetowardsthisarticleis,Passage9,Whyisntyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews?AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(行贿),anddeath.Frankly,Iamsickofallthisbadnews.,Thisauthorsattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto,A.complainB.apologizeC.amuseD.inform,A,五、具体内容的深层推理,深层推理是指不直接说出，而是从片语信息中推导出深层的内涵。,常用的表达句式：Whatcanweinferfromthe(second,third,last)paragraphoroneswords?Thesecondparagraphimplies(suggests)that,Passage10,“Ifpeoplesaytoyou:thegreenhouseeffect（温室效应）isagoodthingbecausewewouldgointoaniceageotherwise,ourdatasayno,anewiceageisnothangingoverorheads,”saidEricWolfffromtheBritishAntarcticSurvey.“Nowwehaveeightexamplesofhowtheclimategoesinandoutoficeages.Andyoucanlearnwhattherulesarethatgoin