谓语动词-虚拟语气.ppt

第一讲：谓语动词,第三节：虚拟语气主讲：Anne,重点,一、明显虚拟条件句(if条件句)二、含蓄虚拟条件句（特殊词和结构）三、Should+动词原形,英语的动词一般有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。,陈述语气用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。,祈使语气用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。,虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，是与客观事实相反的主观设想。,IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.,Igotupearlythismorning.,Donttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.,陈述语气,虚拟语气,祈使语气,判断：以下句子使用何种语气,一、if条件句,条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句,真实条件句使用陈述语气，表示假设的情况有可能发生,非真实条件句使用虚拟语气，表示假设的情况不可能发生,或者可能性很小,Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.,Ifitrainstomorrow,wellstayathome.,非真实条件句,真实条件句,判断：以下句子是真实条件句还是非真实条件句,If+过去式,woulddo,IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.,1.如果我是你，我会再试一次。,2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。,IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.,一、与现在事实相反,IwouldaskGeorgetolendusthemoneyifI_him.hadknownB.haveknownC.knewD.know,C,If+haddone,would+havedone,Ifhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.,如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试了。,二、与过去事实相反,1.IfBob_withus,hewouldhavehadagoodtime.A.wouldcomeB.wouldhavecomeC.hadcomeD.came,C,三、与将来事实相反,Ifhecame/weretocome/shouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhim.,如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.,If+did(weretodo/shoulddo),woulddo,1.Ifyou_tomorrow,you_findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.,shouldcome;wouldwouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;might,.-Ifhe_,he_thatfood.-Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.,A.waswarned;wouldnothavetakenB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken,.Ifmylawyer_herelastSunday,he_mefromgoing.,A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented,1)Ifyou_(be)inmyplace,youwoulddothesamething.2)IfIhadlearnedEnglishwell,I_(be)abletotalkwithnativespeakers.3)Ifyou_(visit)ourschooltomorrow,youwouldseehowbeautifulitis.,4、用括号里的动词的正确形式填空,were,wouldhavebeen,visited/shouldvisit/weretovisit,If条件句中的应用,haddone,did/were,1.did,wouldhavedone,woulddo,2.weretodo,3.shoulddo,四、当if被省略的时候：在虚拟条件句中，如果含有were,had,should,可将if省略然后，将were,had,should放在主语前，构成倒装句式。,WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.,2.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.,Hadhebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.,1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.,3.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldntgoout.,Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldntgoout.,EXERCISE,_theadviceofhisfriends,hewouldnothavesufferedsuchaheavylossinhisbusiness.IfhetookB.IfheshouldtakeC.WerehetotakeD.Hadhetaken2._,Ishouldaskthemsomequestions.ShouldtheycometousIftheycometousWeretheycometousHadtheycometous3._youwerebusy,Iwouldnthavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.IfIrealizedHadIrealizedDidIhaverealizedthatAsIrealized,D,A,B,含蓄条件句,有时假设的情况不用if从句，而是通过其他方式表现出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句,without,butfor,or,otherwise,with,under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中,一、含蓄词,1.ButforthestormIwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier.,2.WithoutthestormIwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier.,3.Shecamehereyesterday,otherwise/orIwouldnothavemether.,4.Iwouldhaveattendedthemeeting,butIhavebeentoobusy.,5.Withoutyou,Iwouldneverknowhim.,7.Iwouldbemostgladtohelpyou,butIambusynow.,6.Butforyourcooperation,wewouldnthavedonetheworksowell.,8.Iambusynow,otherwiseIwoulddoyouthefavor!,用括号里的动词的正确形式填空1.I_(come)toyourparty,butIdidnthavetime.2.Withoutelectricity,humanlife_(be)different.,wouldhavecome,wouldbe,二、含蓄句型,1.Wishthat1)与现在事实相反:wish+(that)+did(were)IwishIwereashealthyasyou.IwishthatIhadaplane.2)与过去事实相反:wish+(that)+haddoneIwishIhadbeentotheconcertlastnight.Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.3)与将来事实相反:wish+would+doIwishhewouldforgiveme.,Exercises:,1.“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI_.”,A.hadB.didC.haveD.will,2.Ididntgototheparty,butIdowishI_there.,A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.went,3.Tomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_mehow.,A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach,2.wouldrather+did,1.Iwouldratheryou_(pay)menow.,2.Iwouldratheryou_(come)tomorrow.,paid,came,3.Iwouldratheryou_(nottell)herthenewsyesterday.,hadnttold,3.Ifonly,1.IfonlyI_(know)hisnamenow!2.Ifonlywe_(follow)youradvicelasttime!3.IfonlyI_(see)himagainnextyear!,knew,hadfollowed,saw,现在和将来:,过去时,过去:,过去完成时,4.Its(about/high)time+that-,过去时,我们该去睡觉了。,Itstimethatwewenttobed.,考题点击：Itistimethatyou_thewholebook.A.mustgooverB.cangooverC.wentoverD.havegoneover,C,二、含蓄句型,5.asif,asthough引导的状语从句现在、将来：用过去时；过去：用过去完成时;Itseemsasifthemanwerehisbrother.Thisdeviceoperatedasthoughithadbeenrepaired.,1.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.,A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken,2.Theactoris58yearsold.Butheactsasifhe_ayoungman.,A.isB.willbeC.amD.were,3.Thecloudsaregettingdarkeranddarker.Itlooksasifit_rain.,A.isgoingtoB.willC.wasgoingtoD.would,4.Wefeltasifwe_eachotherforyears.A.knewB.wereknowingC.hadknownD.haveknowing,5.Hetalksasifhe_everythingintheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.hadknownD.wouldhaveknown,Shoulddo,1.Itisthat（should）do,1.过去分词,过去分词：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed,Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.Itssuggestedthateverybody(should)buyadictionary.,2.形容词形容词:important,necessary,natural,right,wrong,better,proper,funny,strange,surprising,Itisnecessarythatwe(should)haveawalknow.Itsimportantthatwe(should)takegoodcareofthepatient.,3.名词（apity/ashame/nowonder）,考题点击：Isitnecessarythathe_theexamination?A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttakeD.take2.Itisstrangethathe_youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold3.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking_inthelibrary.A.shouldallowB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.isallowed,D,B,B,1.Itisimportantthatwe(master)aforeignlanguage.2.Itisapitythatyou(be)socareless.3.Itsnecessarythatwe(study)hard.,(should)master,shouldbe,shouldstudy,2.坚持，命令，建议一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求,1).insist,2).order,command,3).advise,suggest,propose,4).demand,require,request,desire,1.IdontthinkitadvisablethatTom_tothejobsincehehasnoexperienceA.BeassignedB.isassignedC.WillbeassignedD.hasbeenassigned,C,A,3.ThedoctoradvisedthatMr.Malan_anoperationrightawaysoastosavehislife.A.hadB.wouldhaveC.haveD.wasgoingtohave,2.Hismotherinsistedthathe_thecoatwhengoingout.A.PutonB.putsonC.ToputD.puttingon,B,考题点击：4.Hissuggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry5.Hegaveanadvicethatthey_eachother.A.helpedB.musthelpC.helpD.hadhelped6.Mysuggestionisthatafewmorepeople_theretohelpme.A.besentB.havesentC.sentD.shouldsent,A,C,A,1）insist表示一个主张或一种看法，用虚拟语气；表示一个事实，用陈述语气。,Mikeinsistedthathe_never_(steal)anything.Mikeinsistedthath