Westward Expansion(西进运动).ppt

WestwardExpansion,I.BriefIntroductionII.TheCausesofWestwardMovementIII.TheprogressofWestwardMovementIV.TheinfluencesofWestwardMovement,Contents:,WestwardExpansionisamovementofpeoplefromthesettledregionsoftheUnitedStatestolandsfartherwest.Betweentheearly17thandlate19thcenturies,Anglo-AmericanpeopleandtheirsocietyexpandedfromtheAtlanticCoasttothePacificCoast.Itplaysavitalroleintheformation,thedevelopmentandthepresentsituationoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Particularly,WestwardExpansionhasseepedintothisyoungnationalityinthesphereofculturalinfluence.However,atthesametimeWestwardExpansionisalsotheIndianstragichistory.,I.BriefIntroduction,II.TheCausesofWestwardMovement,LargePopulationCaliforniaGoldRushCheap,FertileLandFreedomforRunawayfrom,Asearlyasin1820stherewasfloodofnewimmigrantsfromEuropetotheUnitedStates.Thenthestreamofimmigrationcontinued.Between1815and1830over500,000EuropeanscameintotheUnitedStates.Theyhadexpectedtoliveabetterlife,buttheyfoundthemselvesstillpoorinthecrowdedNortheast.Astheyweredissatisfiedwiththeconditionsathome,theyhopedtofindamorefavorableenvironmentonthefrontier.,GoldwasdiscoveredinCaliforniainthe1840s.ThisrushmadelotsofpeoplemoveWestwiththehopesofbecomingrich!,Asforthelocalfarmers,theyhadnobetterlifeandtheylosttheirlandpieceafterpiecebecauseoflandspeculation.Sotheymovedwesttothevastareaofwildernesswherethelandwascheapandgreatforfarming.,SlavesfromtheSouthcouldhavefreedominthenewwesternterritorieswheretheysettledinallblackcommunitiesfreefromwhiteprejudice.,III.TheprogressofWestwardMovement,Thewestwardmovementbeganintheearly1600swithEuropeansettlementsalongtheAtlanticCoastofNorthAmerica.Itcontinueduntilthelate1800s.First,someillegalimmigrantswentintowest,andthenAmericangovernmentbringstheseareasintotheircontrol.Then,manypioneerslocatedintheseareas.Atfirst,pioneerswerelocatedintheeastofMississippiRiver.Intheearly19thcentury,Americaexpendeditsterritorybythewayofbuyingandinvasion.In1803,AmericangovernmentboughttheLouisianafromFrench.Fromtheearlyageof19thcentury,theimmigrantsmovetothewestofMississippiRiver.Bythemid-1840s,adventurouspioneershadreachedwhatarenowCaliforniaandOregonintheFarWest.ThelastfrontierwastheGreatPlainsbetweentheMissouriRiverandtheRockyMountains.Thesettlementofthatregionbeganinthe1860s.In1862,Lincolnpromulgatedthehomesteadlawandmadethewestwardmovementreachthepeak.AmericanWestwardMovementisnotonlytheprocessoforiginalaccumulationofcapitalinthedevelopmentofcapitalism,butalsotheprocessofpromotingextensiveexploitationofthewestandrapiddevelopmentofeconomy.,IV.TheinfluencesofWestwardMovement,ItstimulatedthedevelopmentofAmericanwest.Itprovidesamplelaborsandwealthfortheexploration,anditlaidafirmfoundationforcapitalisticdevelopmentofAmerican.ItutterlychangedAmericanappearance:largequantitiesofbarrenlandswerereclaimed;alotofcapitalfarmsweresetup;thedevelopmentofagricultureinwestprovidedalargeamountoffood,materialanddomesticmarketonindustrialdevelopment;naturerecourseswereopeneduptodevelopedindustries.Byexpandingthenationsborderstoincludemorethanthreemillionsquaremiles,theUnitedStatesbecameoneofthemostpowerfulcountriesofthe20thcentury.ItShapingAmericanCharacteristics.WesternuniquesurvivalrequirementformedimportantattributewhichmoldedtheAmericannationalitydispositionandvalues,anditalsoplantedthespiritandthedreamoftheAmerican.Thevastfieldofwestandtheculturaldifferenceprovidedanopportunityfordevelopmentofindividualism.UnderthegivenconditionofWestwardMovement,andthecompetitionofthesocietyhasfosteredAmericanpeoplespragmatism.ProvidingPlentifulSourcesforAmericanCultureandArt.WestwardMovementhasplayedapremierroleinpopularculture.Westernsandthestoriesabo