L.C信用证.ppt

LetterofCredit(L/C),Contents,1AnOverviewofL/C,2ProceduresofL/C,3Typesofcredit,4KeyIssuesunderL/C,1.AnOverviewofL/CAmongvariouswaysofpaymentininternationaltrade,L/Cisthemostcommonlyusedmeansofpayment,becauseitisreliableandsafe.,1.1DefinitionofL/C,AL/Cisawrittenundertaking（书面承诺）byaissuingbank（开证银行）giventotheseller/beneficiary（卖方/受益人）attherequest,andontheinstruction,ofthebuyer/applicant（买方/申请人）topayatsightoratadeterminablefuturedateuptoastatedsumofmoney,withinaprescribedtimelimitandagainststipulateddocuments（凭规定的单据）whichwerecompliedwiththetermsandconditionsofthecredit.,1.2ContentsofaL/C,1.Typeofthecredit（信用证类型）2.Creditnumber（信用证号码）3.PlaceandDateofissue（签发地点和日期）4.Dateandplaceofexpiry（到期日期和地点）5.Applicant（开证申请人）6.Beneficiary（受益人）7.Advisingbank（通知行）8.Amountofcredit（信用证的金额）9.Nominatedbankandcreditavailability（指定银行和可用信用证）10.Partialshipment（分批装运）,1.2ContentsofaL/C,11.Transshipment（转运）12.Insuranceclause（保险条款）13.Shipmentaddress（装运地）1420.Documentsneedtobepresented（需要提交的文件）21.Thelatestdateforpresentationofthedocuments（提交文件的最近日期）22.Advisinginstruction（建议）23.Banktobankinstruction（银行对银行指令）24.Numberofpages（页数）25.Signature（签名）,1.3PartiesinvolvedinaL/C,ApplicantoropenerIssuingbankoropeningbank（开证行）AdvisingbankBeneficiaryNegotiatingbank（议付行）Confirmingbank（保兑行）,2.ProceduresofL/C,Seller/Beneficiary,Advisingbank/Designatedbank,Buyer/Applicant,Issuingbank,Shippingcompany,2.ProceduresofL/C,Step1:Abuyerandasellerenterintoasalescontractprovidingpaymentbyadocumentarycredit.Step2:Thebuyerinstructstheissuingbanktoissueadocumentarycreditinfavoroftheseller.Step3:Theissuingbankopensadocumentarycreditaccordingtotheinstructionsoftheapplicant.,2.ProceduresofL/C,Step4:Theissuingbankasksanotherbank,usuallyinthecountryoftheseller,toadviseandperhapsalsotoadditsconfirmationtothedocumentarycredit.Step5：Thesellerexaminesthedocumentarycredit,andrequiresanamendmentofthecreditifnecessary.Step6:Thesellerexaminesthedocumentarycreditandpreparesfortherequireddocuments.,2.ProceduresofL/C,Step7:Thesellerpresentshisdocumentstotheadvisingbankforsettlement.Step8:Thenegotiatingbankforwardsdocumentstotheissuingbank,claimingreimbursementasagreedbetweenthetwobanks.Step9:Theissuingbankexaminesthedocumentsandreimbursesthenegotiatingbank.Step10:Thebuyerredeemsthedocumentsandpicksupthegoodsagainstthedocuments.,3.Typesofcredit,1.Accordingtotheattachingofdocuments1)Clean（光票）credit2)Documentary（跟单）credit2.Accordingtotherevocability（可撤销）ofcredit1)Revocablecredit2)Irrevocablecredit3.Accordingtothetransferability（可转让）ofcredit1)Transferablecredit2)Non-transferablecredit4.Accordingtotheaddingofconfirmation1)Confirmed（保兑）credit2)Unconfirmedcredit5.Accordingtothetimeofpayment1)Sightcredit2)Usanceortimecredit,3.Typesofcredit,6.Accordingtothemethodofpayment1)SightPayment（即期付款）credit2)Deferredpayment（延期付款）credit3)Acceptance（承兑）credit4)Negotiation（议付）credit7.Accordingtothecreditamounttobeusedrevolvingly1)Automatic（自动式循环）2)Semi-automatic（半自动式循环）3)Non-automatic（非自动式循环）8.Othercredits1)Redclause（预支）credit2)Backtoback（背对背）credit3)Reciprocal（对开）credit,4.KeyIssuesunderL/C,4.1UrgingEstablishmentofL/Cload.,ThestructureofwritingaletterurgingestablishmentofL/C:,1.Opentheletterinapositiveway.Forexample,inthefirstparagraphthesellerusuallyinformsthebuyerthatthegoodsarereadyfordispatchorthattheshippingspacehasalreadybeenbooked.2.PolitelypushthebuyerstoopentheL/Cwithoutdelay,eitherbyreferringtothestipulationsofthecontractorbyremindingthebuyersoftheseriousnessofnotopeningtheL/Cintime.3.Expressexpectationsandaskthebuyerstotakeimmediateaction.,SampleLetter,DearSirs:Withregardto150metrictonsofchemicalfertilizersunderS/CNo.005,wehavegotthegoodsreadyforshipmentonscheduleascontracted.Asthedateofshipmentisdrawingnear,wewonderwhetheryouhaveopenedtherelevantL/Cforthefirst75M/TforshipmentduringMay/June.PleaseopentheL/Cassoonaspossiblesoastoenableustoexecuteyourordersmoothly.InordertoavoidsubsequentL/Camendment,pleaseseetoitthattheL/Cstipulationsareinexactaccordancewiththecontractterms.Yourpromptreplywillbeappreciated.Yoursfaithfully,4.KeyIssuesunderL/C,4.2L/CAmendment&Extensionload,ThestructureofwritingaletteraskingforL/Camendmentorextension:,1.AcknowledgereceiptoftheL/Candthankthebuyerforopeningit.2.Pointouttheproblempolitelyandaskthebuyertomaketheamendmentaccordingly.Usually,detailedandcourteousexplanationsforsucharequestshouldbeprovided.3.Endtheletterinawaythatencouragesthebuyertotakeimmediateaction.,SampleLetter,DearSirs,WearenowpleasedtoinformyouthatL/CNo.211issuedbytheDeutschBankforourS/Cno.005hasjustbeenreceived.However,uponcheckingtheclausescontainedherein,weregrettofindthatcertainpointsarenitinaccordancewiththetermsstipulatedinthesalesconformation.Thediscrepanciesareasfollows:Insuranceistobeeffectedfor110%o