Subject-verbconcord(主谓一致).ppt

Subject-verbconcord,主谓一致,主谓一致(AgreementofSubjectandVerb)是指谓语动词必须同主语的人称和数保持一致，它一直是英语考试的考查重点。主谓一致原则看起来很简单，但实际运用情况却很复杂。本课件对考试中经常考查的主谓一致关系的一些特殊规律，做一简要归纳。,练习：请选择括号中动词的正确形式填空。,1.Neitheryounoryoursister_(has/have)beenworkinghard.2.Fifteenpercentofthestudents_(is/are)absenttoday.3.Onethousanddollars_(is/are)alotofmoneytosuchalittlechild.4.Yourbrother,aswellashisfriends，_(is/are)verykindtous.5.Whathesaid_(is/are)reasonable.,6.Theclass_(is/are)thebestintheschool.7.News_(is/are)indispensabletoourlife.8.Onemanortwo_(is/are)mentionedinthestory.9.Thesingeranddancer_(is/are)welcomedwarmlybythelocalpeople.10.Noteacherandnostudent_(is/are)listeningtothelecture.答案：1.has2.Are3.Is4.is5.Is6.is7.is8.is/are9.is10.is,1.语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致.2.意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致.3.就近原则,即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语.一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词用动词复数.,什么是主谓一致?,课堂练习:,1.Heradvice_usefultome.(be)2.Layingeggs_thequeenantsfull-timejob.(be)3.Everyone_TomandMarywillgetmarriednextmonth.(know)4.Nothing_beendonetostopthelakefrombeingpolluted.(have)5.Eitheroftherooms_bigenough.(be),6.Morethanoneperson_killedintheaccident.(be)7.Morequestionsthanone_beenasked.(have)8.Apoorwomantogetherwithherfourchildren_foundbegginginthestreet.(be)9.Theprofessor,includingallofhisstudents_goneabroad.(have)10.Twohours_enoughforustofinishthework.(be),注意,1.当therebe句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致.Thereisapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.2.当either-or-与neither-nor连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致如果句子是由here,there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致Eitheryouorsheistogo.Hereisapencil,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.当主语后面跟有with,togetherwith,like,except,but,nolessthan,aswellas等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.,4.代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each,every,谓语需用单数Eachofushasatape-recorder.5.当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数TheArabianNightsisabookknowntoloversofEnglish.6.表示金钱时间价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数（用复数也可，意思不变）Threeweekswasallowedformakingthenecessarypreparations.Tenyuanisenough.,举例说明,Thereismuchwaterinthethermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式.Tenthousandtonsofcoalwereproducedlastyear.,小练一下,Eachofus_anicepencil-box.主语是Each，表示我们中的每一个，为单数；Weeach_anewpen.第二句主语是We，表示所有的人都，为复数。,一、形式上为复数，但意义上为单数的名词作主语时，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。这类名词有以-s结尾的表示学科、专业、疾病等术语的名词及其他名词。如：economics，linguistics，politics，mathematics，physics，measles(麻疹)，news，works，brains(智慧)等等。例如：Physicsisadifficultsubject.Brainsisveryimportanttoaperson.,二、表示时间、距离、重量、价格、度量衡的复数名词或短语作主语表示一个整体概念时，谓语一般用单数。例如：Fivehoursisashorttimeforsuchadifficultjob.Tenmilesisalongwaytowalk.,三、集合名词people,police,cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；集合名词army,class,club,committee,crowd,crew,family,gang,herd,jury,public,congress,assembly,band等作主语时，如指整体，谓语动词用单数；如指成员，谓语动词用复数。例如：ThefamilyisgoingtomovetoBeijing.Thefamilyhavedifferentopinionsabouttheirgoingabroad.,四、分数或百分数及all,part,some,most,half,therestof等表示部分的词或短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后的名词一致。例如：Mostoftheuniversitystudentshavepart-timejobstofinancetheirtuition.Mostoftheworkhasntbeenfinishedyet.,五、名词或代词后跟with,alongwith,like,accompaniedby,except,besides,aswellas,togetherwith,inadditionto,including,nolessthan,ratherthan,asmuchas等引起的结构时，谓语动词随结构前的名词或代词的形式而定。例如：Thepresident,accompaniedbyfiveofficials,hasgonetoUSAforaveryimportantmeeting.You，ratherthanyoursister,areresponsibleforthematter.,六、由and连接的名词的主谓一致情况分以下几种：,1.当and连接的两个名词指同一人、同一事或同一概念时，and后面那个名词前没有冠词，谓语动词用单数。例如：Theteacherandwriterisrespectedbyallthepeoplearound.2.当and连接两个都有冠词的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Theteacherandthewriterarerespectedbyallthepeoplearound.,3.形容词and形容词名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Socialandpoliticalfreedomarelimitedthere.4.用and连接的单数名词，前面有each,every,manya,no修饰语时，谓语要用单数。例如：Everyman，woman,andchildisentitledtotakepartintheactivity.Eachpenandeachpaperisfoundinitsplace.,七、不定式短语、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。例如：ReadinginthemorningisgoodforlearningEnglish.但是，当and连接上述两个相同的结构时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Readingbooksandplayingtabletennisaremygreatpleasure.,八、主语由连词or,either.or,neither.nor,notonly.but(also)等连接的两个名词或代词组成时，其谓语动词应与最近的名词一致。例如：EitheryouorIamwrong.Notonlyhisfriends,butalsohehimselfislookingforwardtotheholdingoftheparty.,九、oneortwo名词复数,oneormore名词复数作主语，谓语动词用复数。one/a单数名词ortwo作主语，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。例如：Oneortwobooksareneeded.Onebookortwois/areneeded.,11.Onehundreddollarsamonth_notahighpay.(be)12.ArabianNights_abookpopularwiththeyoungchildren.(be)13.Politics_noteasyforthestudentstolearnwell.(be)14.Theyouth_fondofrocknrollmusic.(be)15.Fiftytonsofcoal_wastedinthefactorylastyear.(be),16.Alargequantityofnewmachines_beenboughtbythefactorythisyear.(have)17.Collectingstampsandplayingtheguitar_myhobbies.18.Eachboyandeachgirl_tofinishtheworkontime.(be)19.Wh