六级改革.docx

今年12月起,四六级考试题型将发生变化,具体变化的内容如下听写变成全部考察单词短语快速阅读变成段落信息匹配题翻译扩充至150-200字的整段中译英不再考察完形填空。时间延长至130分钟因此,改革之后题型的情况变成这样了,如图:那么,我们该怎么准备改革之后的英语6级考试呢?下面,笔者就从每一种题型入手,教大家英语六级改革后怎样复习。写作（writing 30minutes）写作这部分基本上变化还是不大，主要还是针对某个话题来写作文，样题如下要注意的是：单词数要控制在150到200之间。其次，审题要仔细，有时候审题的偏差会导致你的整体失分，即使你写的很好。接下来就说说怎么准备作文。令人唏嘘的是，网上有铺天盖地的四六级作文模板，事实上，作为一个英语稍微有水平的人去看这些作文，并不见得又多出彩，甚至，有的出现了低级错误。因此，真正应该准备的，是提高自己的能力，背模板可能会适得其反。那么，应该怎样提高自己的能力呢？1.注意语法的规范性语法可以说是写作的一大基础，换做是我们写中文作文，我们也不能出现病句。我们可能觉得我们语文也没有怎么学语法，为什么却没怎么犯错误呢？那是因为我们每天用，已经形成了语感。同样，英语也有语感，语感好了，基本上就不会犯语法错误，提升语感，需要我们经常接触英语，这里，建议大家拿一本英语名著来读读，每天一点，自然就会提升了。总之，阅读是关键，你会在这个过程中自然规范自己的语法。2.注意词汇的多样性如果在语法层面上大家都不出错了，那么你应该怎样提升自己作文的分数呢？词汇是一个很关键的因素，评卷老师喜欢看新词，看高级词，这会加分不少。比如“many”这个词，你可以通过变换来博取眼球，比如换成“innumerable”，“a multitude of”等，这就需要大家努力的去背单词，积累短语了，这没有捷径可言。3.注意结构的条理性很多同学经常犯这样的一个错误，一篇文章不分段，其实这是大错特错的。我们需要将文章条理化，这样评卷老师也会改的轻松一点，分数自然就高一点。同时，分段还有一个好处，那就是让我们的思绪不出现混乱，快速高效的产出一篇作文。建议像6级的作文分3段就好，段段重点突出，观点鲜明即可。听力（Listening Comprehension 30 minutes）听力是六级英语拉开差距一个一个关键因素。事实上，改革之后的英语并没有太多的亮点，难度其实相当。改革的点在于听写全部变为了单词短语，这就需要我们的单词拼写能力，所以平时背单词的时候应该更加的谨慎，追求准确性。另外，对于对话理解，语段理解那些题目，不能掉以轻心，准备是必须的。建议大家找往年的真题，可以在网上找，也可以自己去买，每天做一套，把全部题目都听一遍，渐渐提高自己的听力。而我们都知道，兴趣是最好的老师，如果你本身没什么兴趣，效果并不一定会好，这时候你可以选择去找一些听力材料，脱离字幕听。或者带上耳机，把一段听力材料不断重复的放，然后默写，一遍一遍，直到把原文默写下来。效果在你默写10篇之后你就知道了，这是最快提升听力的方法了。当然了，这种方法或许很花时间，所以你要自己斟酌一下了。阅读（Reading Comprehension 40 minutes）阅读所占的分值很高，也是英语六级考试的重头部分，所谓成也阅读，败也阅读。这次的改革中，快速阅读被取消了，取而代之的是长篇阅读理解，题型和我们以前做过的信息匹配相当，篇章长度和难度不变。一个篇章有A到O的15个片段，篇章后附有10个句子，相当于10个题目，每个题目有一个答案，答案便是A到O之间选。值得一提的是，有的段落可能不止对应一个题目，举个例子，也就是说，第一题可能选A，第二题也可能选A。这是我们要注意的点。其它的阅读题和我们平时接触的大同小异了，该怎么复习想必大家也有自己的方法，但是万变不离其宗，那就是要量，平时的阅读量要上来，这样速度也就上来了，猜词能力也就上来了，阅读就无忧了，所以，还是要花多点时间做题，可以选择真题来做，一天做一点，从量变到质变。翻译（Translation 30minutes）翻译是这次改革的亮点，从之前的单句翻译改成了现在的整段翻译，是给出中文，要求你用英文进行翻译。中文的字数大概在180到200个汉字之间。这道题大家也要认真对待。以下是相关样题下面给出参考翻译对于这次改革最难的部分，我们应该怎么复习呢？首先我们分析一下什么样的内容最常考，无疑就是中国文化，中国历史，中国传统一类了，当然了，这也是说不定的，但是这方面大家要有所侧重，记忆一些基本的翻译规则，翻译短语。其次，大家可以选择一些英文的杂志或者英文网站来学习翻译，难度不要选择太难的，基本一点，语法不出错，总体流畅，就能拿高分。在翻译的这部分复习当中，需要付出大量的精力，去找资料，去翻译等等，千万不能偷懒哦。小结总体来说，大家不需要太慌张，这次改革难度相对应有所上升，主要原因是我们有一些没有接触过，但是请记住，英语四六级考试的分数并不是完全的卷面分，而是综合排名之后的一个综合分数，你的英语水平在这里，基本上就是能过的，要有一种舍我其谁的心态哦。另外，时间的把握非常重要，虽然改革之后时间变成了130分钟，但是据过来的经验看，时间是很难足够的，不要纠结在某一个题目上面，做完就是胜利。Part Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section B（原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。）Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Daylight Saving Time (DST)How and When Did Daylight Saving Time Start?A Benjamin Franklinof “early to bed and early to rise” famewas apparently the first person to suggest the concept of daylight savings. While serving as U.S. ambassador to France in Paris, Franklin wrote of beingawakened at 6 a.m. and realizing, to his surprise, that the sun would rise far earlier than he usually did. Imaginethe resources that might be saved if he and others rose before noon and burned less midnight oil, Franklin, tongue half in cheek, wrote to a newspaper.B It wasnt until World War I that daylight savings were realized on a grand scale. Germany was the first state to adopt the time changes, to reduce artificial lighting and thereby save coal for the war effort. Friends and foes soon followed suit. In the U.S. a federal law standardized the yearly start and end of daylight saving time in 1918for the states that chose to observe it.C During World War II the U.S. made daylight saving time mandatory 强制的)for the whole country, as a way to save wartime resources. Between February 9, 1942, and September 30, 1945, the government took it a step further. During this period daylight saving time was observed year-round, essentially making it the new standard time, if only for a few years. Many years later, the Energy Policy Act of 2005 was enacted, mandating a controversial month-long extension of daylight saving time, starting in 2007.Daylight Saving Time: Energy Saver or Just Time Suck?D In recent years several studies have suggested that daylight saving time doesnt actually save energyand might even result in a net loss. Environmental economist Hendrik Wolff, of the University of Washington, co-authored a paper that studied Australian power-use data when parts of the country extended daylight saving time for the 2000 Sydney Olympics and others did not. The researchers found that the practice reduced lighting and electricity consumption in the evening but increased energy use in the now dark morningswiping out the evening gains. Thats because the extra hour that daylight saving time adds in the evening is a hotter hour. “So if people get home an hour earlier in a warmer house, they turn on their air conditioning,” the University of Washingtons Wolff said. E But other studies do show energy gains. In an October 2008 daylight saving time report to Congress, mandated by the same 2005 energy act that extended daylight saving time, the U.S. Department of Energy asserted that springing forward does save energy. Extended daylight saving time saved 1.3 terawatt (太瓦)hours of electricity. That figure suggests that daylight saving time reduces annual U.S. electricity consumption by 0.03 percent and overall energy consumption by 0.02 percent. While those percentages seem small, they could represent significant savings because of the nations enormous total energy use.F What*s more, savings in some regions are apparently greater than in others. California, for instance, appears to benefit most from daylight saving timeperhaps because its relatively mild weather encourages people to stay outdoors later. The Energy Department report found that daylight saving time resulted in an energy savings of one percent daily in the state.G But Wolff, one of many scholars who contributed to the federal report, suggested that the numbers were subject to statistical variability (变化)and shouldnt be taken as hard facts. And daylight savings, energy gains in the U.S. largely depend on your location in relation to the Mason-Dixon Line, Wolff said. “The North might be a slight winner, because the North doesnt have as much air conditioning,” he said. “But the South is a definite loser in terms of energy consumption. The South has more energy consumption under daylight saving.”Daylight Saving Time: Healthy or Harmful? H For decades advocates of daylight savings have argued that, energy savings or no, daylight saving time boosts health by encouraging active lifestylesa claim Wolff and colleagues are currently putting to the test. “In a nationwide American time-use study, were clearly seeing that, at the time of daylight saving time extension inthe spring, television watching is substantially reduced and outdoor behaviors like jogging, walking, or going tothe park are substantially increased,” Wolff said. “Thats remarkable, because of course the total amount of daylight in a given day is the same. ”I But others warn of ill effects. Till Roenneberg, a university professor in Munich (慕尼,黑),Germany, said his studies show that our circadian (生理节奏的)body clocksset by light and darknessnever adjust to gaining an “extra” hour of sunlight to the end of the day during daylight saving time.J One reason so many people in the developed world are chronically (长期地）overtired, he said, is that they suffer from “social jet lag. ” In other words, their optimal circadian sleep periods dont accord with their actual sleep schedules. Shifting daylight from morning to evening only increases this lag, he said. “Light doesnt do the same things to the body in the morning and the evening. More light in the morning would advance the body clock, and that would be good. But more light in the evening would even further delay the body clock. ”K Other research hints at even more serious health risks. A 2008 study concluded that, at least in Sweden, heart attack risks go up in the days just after the spring time change. “The most likely explanation to our findings is disturbed sleep and disruption of biological rhythms,” One expert told National Geographic News via email.Daylight Savings! Lovers and HatersL With verdicts (定论)on the benefits, or costs, of daylight savings so split, it may be no surprise that the yearly time changes inspire polarized reactions. In the U.K., for instance, the Lighter Later movementpart of 10:10, a group advocating cutting carbon emissionsargues for a sort of extreme daylight savings. First, they say, move standard time forward an hour, then keep observing daylight saving time as usualadding two hours of evening daylight to what we currently consider standard time. The folks behind Standardtime .com, on the other hand, want to abolish daylight saving time altogether, calling energy-efficiency claims “unproven. ”M National telephone surveys by Rasmussen Reports from spring 2010 and fall 2009 deliver the same answer. Most people just “dont think the time change is worth the hassle (麻烦洽勺事）.” Forty-seven percent agreed with that statement, while only 40 percent disagreed. But Seize the Daylight author David Prerau said his research on daylight saving time suggests most people are fond of it. “I think if you ask most people if they enjoy having an extra hour of daylight in the evening eight months a year, the response would be pretty positive.”46. Daylight savings，energy gains might be various due to different climates.47. Disturbed sleep and disruption of biological rhythms may be the best explanation to higher heart attack risks in the days after the spring time change.48. A research indicated that DST might not save energy by increasing energy use in the dark mornings, though it reduced lighting and electricity consumption in the evening.49. Germany took the lead to save wartime resources by adopting the time changes and reducing artificial lighting.50. A university professor studied the effect of daylight saving time and sounded the alarm of its negative effects.51. Social jet lag can partly account for peoples chronic fatigue syndrome in developed countries.52. The figure of a study in the U.S. suggested that DST could save a lot of energy nationally.53. Supporters of daylight savings have long considered daylight saving time does good to peoples health.54. A group advocating cutting carbon emissions launches the Lighter Later movement to back a kind of extreme daylight savings.55. A scholar contributing to a federal report suggested that the amount of saved energy had something to do with geographic position. 46. F。题干意为，夏令时带来的能源收益可能会因为不同的气候而有差异。注意抓住题干中的关键词 daylight savings energy gains, various和different climates。文章段落中，提到能源节约量与天气有关的内容 在F段出现，该段前两句提到，一些地区的节能量明显比其他地区要大。例如，加利福尼亚州似乎是从夏 令时中获益最大的可能是因为那里的气候相对溫和，鼓励人们在户外待到更晚。由此可知，题干对原 文进行了概括和同义改写，故答案为F。47. K。题干意为，睡眠障碍和生物节律紊乱可能是春季时间变化后心脏病发病率上升的最佳解释。注意抓 住题干中的关键词 disturbed sleep and disruption of biological rhythms, explanation和higher heart attack risks。 文章段落中，提及睡眠障碍和生物节律紊乱以及心脏病发病率上升的内容在K段出现，该段第二句提 到，2008年的一项研究总结道，至少在瑞典，在春季时间变化后不久，心脏病发病率就上升了接着第 三句引用了一位专家的话：“根据我们的调查结果，最合理的解释是睡眠障碍及生物节奏紊乱。”由此可 知，题干是对原文的同义改写，故答案为K。48. D。题干意为，一项研究表明，尽管实行夏令时能减少夜间照明及电量消耗，但却因为增加了晨间的用 电量而可能无法节约能源。注意抓住题干中的关键词increasing energy use in the dark mornings和reduced lighting and electricity consumption in the evening。文章段落中，提到了增加晨间的用电量和减少夜间照明及?电量消耗的是D段，该段第三句提Sij,研究人员发现这种做法减少了夜间照明及电量消耗，但是却增加 了晨间的用电量，因为现在早晨很昏暗这就抵消了夜间节约的能源。由此可知，题干对原文进行了同 义改写，故答案为D。49. B。题干意为，德国率先通过采取时间变化和减少人工照明来节约战时资源。注意抓住题干中的关键词 Germany, the time change s和artificial lighting。文章段落中，有关德国的内容在B 段出现，该段第二句提 到，德国是第一个采取时间变化以减少人工照明从而为战事节约煤炭资源的国家。由此可知，题干是对原 文的同义转述，故答案为B。50. I。题干意为，一位大学教授研究了夏令时的作用并警示人们其带来的消极影响。注意抓住题干中的关键 词a university professor和sounded the alarm of its negative effects。文章段落