简述英语动词、名词形容词变化规则.doc

人称和数人称代词物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I（我）memy（我的）复数we（我们）usour（我们的）第二人称单数you（你）youyour（你的）复数you（你们）youyour（你们的）第三人称单数he（她）himhis（他的）单数she（他）herher（她的）单数it（它）itIts（它的）复数they（他们）themthere（他们的）名词复数规则情况构成动词原形第三人称单数一般结尾加-sBook catBag bedBooks catsBags beds以s/x/sh/ch/结尾加-esbus watchbox brushbuses watchesboxes brushes以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i，再加-esfamilystrawberryfamiliesstrawberries以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v，再加-esknifeknives不规则变化：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese形容词的比较级变化规则情况构成动词原形现在分词形式一般结尾直接在词尾加-erTall strongTaller stronger以不发音的字母e结尾加-rfine finer以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i，再加-erfunnyfunnier以重读闭音节结尾，如末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾字母加-erBig thinhotbigger thinnerhotter 一般现在时：当主语是第三人称单数(he,she,it,人名，单数的事物以及不可数的)、的时候，后面的谓语动词一定要用动词的第三人称单数形式。动词的第三人称单数形式构成规则情况构成动词原形第三人称单数一般动词原形结尾加-scookmilkcooksmilks以s/x/sh/ch/o结尾加-eswash watchgo do guesswashes watches goes does 以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i，再加-esStudyStudies其他havehas动词的现在分词形式构成方法情况构成动词原形现在分词形式一般动词原形结尾加-inggoaskGoingasking以不发音的字母e结尾去e加-ingWrite closeMake tasteWriting closingMaking tasting以重读闭音节结尾，如末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾字母加-ingswim sitbegin run stopswimming sitting BeginningRunning stopping动词的过去式构成规则情况构成动词原形过去式形式一般动词原形结尾加-edwatch playvisit cleanwatched playedvisited cleaned以不发音的字母e结尾去e加-dLike useliveLiked usedlived以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i，再加-edStudy carryworryStudied carriedworried双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）stop sikpstopped sikpped不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was , are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt动词的现在分词变化规则 1一般在词尾加“-ing”help-helping 2以不发音e结尾的词，先去e，再加“-ing”例如：live-living 3. 以ie结尾的动词，先将ie变为y，再加ing。例如：lie-lying 4. 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，要双