高考英语复习非谓语动词课件.ppt

非谓语动词综合讲练教程,不定式、动名词用作主语,动名词作主语,1。直接作主语：,（1）眼见为实。（2）天天做早操有益于健康。（3）吸烟不是好习惯。,1.Seeingisbelieving.2.Doingmorningexerciseseverydayisgoodforhealth3.Smokingisnotagoodhabit,2.用it作形式主语，常与nouse,nogood,useless,worthwhile连用,（1）广说不做没用（2）做无益的后悔没用（3）吸烟太多无益（4）学好英语是值得做的,1.Itsnousetalkingtoomuchwithoutdoinganything2.Itsuselesscryingoverthespiltmilk.3.Itsnogoodsmokingtoomuch4.ItsworthwhilelearningEnglishwell.5,不定式作主语,1。直接作主语（1）眼见为实（2）今天早晨做早操对身体无益（3）在这里吸烟很危险,1.Toseeistobelieve2.Todomorningexercisestodayisnotgoodforhealth.3.Tosmokehereisdangerous,2。用it作形式主语，有自己特定的句型,（1）你这么说真是太好了（2）他说出这样的话太愚蠢了（3）我们学好英语是必要的（4）你们学好英语语法并不难,1.Itisverykindofyoutosayso.2.Itsveryfoolishofhimtosaysuchthings3.ItisnecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell4.ItsnotdifficultforyoutolearnwellEnglishgrammar,3.固定句型,（1）李垒每天花两个半小时完成作业（2）你昨晚用多长时间写完的作文？,1.IttakesLiLeitwoandahalfhourstocompletehishomework.2.Howlongdidittakeyoutofinishwritingyourcomposition?,小结：动名词与不等式作主语时的区别,一、对称原则二、特殊表达三、固定句型四、习惯用法,主语和表语对称,动名词表示经常性、反复发生的动作不等式表示具体的、某一次的动作,Ittakessbsometimetodosth,Itsnouse/nogood/useless/worthwhile+doingItskind/wise/cleverofsbtodosthItsimportant/necessary/hardforsbtodosth,Task:completethefollowingsentences,_(没有用)learningwithoutpracticeItsnogood_（广说不做）Itsnecessary_(我们学好英语）Itverykind_（你帮助我）Howlong_（你每天参加体育活动？）Becauseoftheheavysandstorm,_(今天做晨练）isofnobenefittoyou.,Multiplechoice,1.Itisverygenerous_youtobuymesuchanicegiftofB.forC.toD.with2.Youareclever;itwillbeeasy_youtoworkoutthewordpuzzleofB.forC.toD.with3.Ithinkitnogood_withoutdoinganything.A,toplayaboutB,playaroundC.playingaboutD.playedaround,Itsnouse,talkingtoomuchwithoutdoinganythingforustolearnEnglishwellofyoutohelpmedoesittakeyoutodosporteverydaytodomorningexercisestoday,不定式、动名词作宾语,一、句型转换IthinkitnousedoingsthIfeelitstupidofhimtosaysuchsillythingstoherIfindituneasyforyoutolearnyoursubjectswellwithouthardworkCanyoutellmehowmanyhoursittookyoutodoyourhomework?,二、A下列动词只能带动名词作宾语：记住下面这句话，巧记共35个多动词MissRescallcanenjoyfiveapplesatduskMissRescall-miss,mind,risk,recall,resistCan-canthelp,consider,cantresist,complete,cantstand(bear)Enjoyenjoyescape,excuse,endureFivefinish,fancyfeellike,favorite(利于）imagine,include-advise,avoid,appreciate,admit,allow-practise,postpone,pardon,prevent,putoffdusk-delay,understand,suggest,keep(deny否认）,D.下列动词只能带不定式作宾语：记住下面这句话，(2HD3A4P,worstfem各一)巧记近20个多动词afford,agree,attempt,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope,manage,offer,plan,pretend,prepare,promise,refuse,seem,tend,wish,B以介词to结尾的常用短语be/getusedto,cometo,devoteoneselfto,listento,lookforwardtoobjectto/getdownto,prefer.to,payattentionto,refertostickto,C特殊句型1spend(waste).(in)doing2bebusy(in)doing3havedifficulty(trouble,fun,pleasure,agood,hardtime)indoing4stopprevent.(from)doing5Thereisnousenoharmnohurry.(in)doingsth,在forget,remember,regret,want,need,require,try,stop,goon,mean等动词后，可接不定式,也可接动名词做宾语，但含义差别。1forget,remember,regret+doing动作已经发生+todo动作未发生2want,need,require+doing表被动=tobedone注：beworthdoing=beworthytobedone3trydoing试着做trytodo尽力做，想要做4stopdoing停止做某事，(先后是一件事).stoptodo停下来做某事,(先后不是同一件事)5goondoing继续敌某事，(先后是同一件事)goontodo接下来做某事，(先后不是同一件事)6meandoing意味着做某事meantodo故意或想要做某事7canthelpdoingsth抑制不住、禁不住做某事canthelp(to)dosth无帮助、无助于做某事8,onlytodo结果是（出乎预料）,onlydoing结果是(必然是),E.注意下列11种不同动词或句型的用法,9prefertodoratherthando宁愿而不preferdoingtodoingwouldratherdothandowoulddoratherthando10havenothingtodo/donothingbut/exceptdo只好做（别无选择）enjoydoingnothingbutdoing只喜欢做wantnothingbuttodo只想做11在begin,start,continue等词后可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，意义区别不大.但要注意1）本身是-ing形式时，其后要接不定式2）如果表示主语有意识地开始做某事，多用动名词3）主语是物多用不定式4）其后的动词是表示情感的或与智力有关的，不用v-ing形式know,realize,hate,love,understand,wonder,remember,forget,Task:completethefollowingsentences,Doyouremember_（以前见过这个人吗）?Hedenied_（冤枉了他的父母）Sheregreted_(在会上给领导提了意见）.Dontwastetime_(劝他戒烟）Iwouldratherstayathome_(也不出去玩）Doyouthinkitnecessary_(我们学好英语）？Howlongdidittakeyou_(写完作文）？Hehasdonenothingbut_（玩了一整天）.Onhearingthenews,Tom_(抑制不住哭了）.LittleSophiawentthetheater,only_(被告知演出结束了）,seeingthemanbeforedoingwrongtotheirparentsputtingforwardthesuggestiontotheirleaderadvisinghimtogiveupsmokingthangoouttoplayforustolearnEnglishwelltofinishedwritingyourcompositionplayalldaylongcouldnthelpcryingtobetoldthattheperformancehadbeenover,Multiplechoice1.Wouldyoumind_thedoor?openB,openingC,toopenD,opened“Somuchforthenewwordsandexpressions;letsgoon_thetext.”theteachersaidwithasmile.totalkaboutB,talkingaboutC,tobetalkingD,talkaboutImsorry,butIveforgotten_myhomeworkwithme.A,tobringB,tobebringC,bringingD,brought,Thisroomneeds_.Itstooshabby.paintB.paintingC.topainD.paintedHaveyouconsidered_toimproveyourspokenEnglish?A.practisinglisteningandspeakingB,practisingtolistenandspeakC.topractiselisteningandspeakingD.topractisetolistenandspeak6.Attheageof18hebegan_theimportanceofknowledge.A.understandB.understandingC.understoodD.tounderstand7.Intheolddays,manypeoplecouldntafford_theirchildrentoSchool.A.sentB,sendingC,tosendDsend8.-WehaventheardfromJaneforalongtime.-Whatdoyousuppose_toher?A.washappeningB,tohappenC,hashappenedD.havinghappened9.Weallappreciate_wheneveryouhavetime.A.JanedropinB,JanesdroppinginC,JanetodropinD.Janedropsin10.Haveyougotused_inHarbin?A.tolivingB,toliveC,livingD,tobeliving11.Nobodyiswillingtogotoapartywithout_.A.askingB,tobeaskedC,beingaskedD,havingasked,4,B;5,A;6,D;7,C;8,C;9,B;10,C;11,C,非谓语动词作表语,动名词作表语1对称原则，主语是动名词，表语一般也用动名词Seeingisbelieving2动名词作表语表明主语的性质或内容（有时可与主语互换）MyjobisteachingyouEnglishTeachingyouEnglishismyjob.,不定式作表语:(1)计划，趋势将要做的sheistogetmarriednextweek.(2)责任，义务必须做的Imtoseeyouoffattheairporttomorrow(3)祁使,命令不得不做的Youretostandhere,doyouunderstand.(4)命运安排,注定做的Disneymetthemouseandhewastobecomeafamousartist.,分词作表语表示主语的特点特征.现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动；不及物动词的过去分词表示完成Thebookisinterestingandthestudentsaremoved.Heiscome.Thequestsaregone.Theleavesarefallen.,非谓语动词作定语,动名词作定语表示被修饰词用途drinkingwater=thewaterthatis(used)fordrinkingdrinkingwater,livingroom,sittingroom,washingpowder,分词作定语，表被修饰词的特点、特征.单个分词作定语前置，分词短语作定语，放在所修饰词之后。现在分词和过去分词的区别：时态上，现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示已经完成；语态上，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动boilingwater=thewaterthatisboiling.fallenleaves,boiledwatersleepingchild=thechildwhoisasleepamovingfilm,amovedgirlTherewasasurprisedlookonherfaceatthenews.,动词不定式作定1.后置，表示将来Intheyearstocome,wewillstudyharderandharder.ThisistheHopeProjectSchooltobebuiltnextyear.,2.当特定的谓语动词(有,需要,给,找,弄have,need,want,give,find,get)后的名词(或宾语)用不定式来修饰.1.Ihavealotofworktodo.2.Iwanttogetsomethingtoread.3.Doyouneedsomewatertodrink?4.Pleasegivemeapieceofpapertowriteon.5.Letsfindaroomtoputthosethingsin.,3.当名词有特定的定语,如形容词副词的最高级,序数词及next,only,right等,其后接不定式作定语Heisthefirst(student)tocomeandthelasttoleave.Whereisthebestplacetomeet?Weneedthenextroomtoholdcorn.Heistheonlypersontobefitforthejob.,4.一些需要不定式作宾语的动词转化成的名词,agreement,attempt,decision,need,promise,plan,wish等,常用不定式来修饰.Thereisnoneedtosendforadoctor.注:(1)不及物动词或特殊用法,要加合适的介词.Theyneedahousetolivein.Therearemanymodelbikestochoosefrom.,Practise,1Theman_(stand)overtherenow.2Theman_(stand)overtherethen.3Theman_(stand)overthereyesterday.4Theman_(stand)overthereveryoften.5Theman_(stand)overtheretomorrow.,isstandingwasstandingstoodstandswillstand,1Theman_(stand)overtherenowisfromAmerica.2Theman_(stand)overtherethenisfromAmerica.3Theman_(stand)overthereyesterdayisfromAmerica.4Theman_(stand)overthereveryoftenisfromAmerica.5Theman_(stand)overtheretomorrowisfromAmerica.,whoisstandingwhowasstandingwhostoodwhostandswhowillstand,(whois)standing(whowas)standing(who)stood-standing(who)stands-standing(whowill)stand-tostand,Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms,Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms,Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms,Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms,1,Thebuilding_(build)herenow.2,Thebuilding_(build)herethen.3,Thebuilding_(build)herelastyear.4,Thebuilding_(build)hereveryoften.5,Thebuilding_(build)herealready.6,Thebuilding_(build)herenextyear.,1,Thebuilding_(build)herenowisaschool.2,Thebuilding_(build)herethenisaschool.3,Thebuilding_(build)herelastyearisaschool.4,Thebuilding_(build)hereveryoftenisaschool5,Thebuilding_(build)herealreadyisaschool.6,Thebuilding_(build)herenextyear.,isbeingbuiltwasbeingbuiltwasbuiltisbuilthasbeenbuiltwillbebuilt,whichisbeingbuiltwhichwasbeingbuiltwhichwasbuiltthatisbuiltthathasbeenbuiltthatwillbebuilt,(whichis)beingbuilt(whichwas)beingbuilt(whichwas)built(thatis)built(thathasbeen)built(thatwill)tobebuilt,Task:completethefollowingsentences,1.Doyouknowthegirl_(名叫沙丽的）？Whoisthewoman_(站在柜台后的）Whatisthehouse_(在建的）usedfor?Wellmoveintothebuilding_(明年竣工的）Herwish_（当一名作家）willsurelycometrue.Wheredoyouthinkisthebestplace_(放这个书架）？Canyougetme_（一些水喝）Whoistherightperson_（适合这项工作）？Itsfallalreadyandyoucansee_(地上有很多落叶）Whoistheboy_（经常在操场上踢足球）？,called/namedSally,Standingbehindthecounter,beingbuilt,tobecompletednextyear,tobeawriter,toputthebookshelf,somewatertodrink,tobefitforthejob,manyfallenleavesontheground,oftenplayingfootballontheplayground,Multiplechoice1.Atthesightofthestranger,therewasa_expressiononherfaceSurprisedB,surprisingC,shockingD,angry2.Thesupermarket_isthebiggestoneinourcity.A.havingalreadybeenbuiltB,hasingalreadybeenbuiltC.beingalreadybuiltD,alreadybuilt,非谓语动词作补语,一、带to的不定式作宾补(abrightpacefoul一次聪明的速度犯规)A在allow,ask,advise,beg,command,cause,encourage,expect,force,get,hateinvitelikeorderpermitpreferremindtellurgewant,wish等动词后,用带to的不定式作宾补(1)Ipreferyounottoplayalldaylong.(2)Idlikeyoutohelpmewithmyhomework.(3)Youdbettergetmorepeopletodothework.,二、表示见解看法的动词+宾语+带to的不定式(tobedoing/tohavedone).具有这种用法的动词有:believe,consider,declare,discover,feel,find,guess,imagine,judge,suppose,think,understand1,Wefoundtherumortrue.2,Iconsiderhimtohavedonewrong.3,Ialwaysimaginemetobeamillionaire.4,Ifelthimtobeaspy,三、“短语动词+宾语+带to的不定式”这类动词有arrangefor,askfor,callon,counton,dependon,longfor,relyon,waitfor1.YoucannotcountonTomtohelpyou.ChairmanMaocalledonustoservethepeopleheartandsoul.,四、省to的不定式作宾补：宾补省to记11,一感二听三使役;五看一帮两均可,被动该to不能弃.feel,hear,listento,have,let,make,see,lookat,notice,observe,watch,helpWeoftenseethemplayfootball;TheyareoftenseentoplayfootballHewasmadetostandoutsidefortwohours,分词短语作宾补一.能带现在分词做宾补的动词有:have,get,keep,set,send,leave,catch,hear,listento,feel,see,find,lookat,watch,observe,noticeMyfatherhadonlytwomenworkingforhimDonthavethehorserunningsofast,Itsdangerous.Haveyounoticedtheboypassingacrossthestreet?,过去分词作宾补二、能带过去分词作宾补的动词有make,have,getleave及感官动词see,watch,lookat,findhearlistento,feel等.宾语与补语的关系是被动含义时，用过去分词作宾补Iwassurprisedtoseesomanypeopleseatedatthebackoftheclass.IhaveneverheardthissongsungsosweetlyYoudbettergetyourbikerepairedatonce,Task:completethefollowingsentences,1.Theyrequiredme_(不要泄漏秘密）2._（我们劝他戒烟）,buthewouldnt.3.Weoftengoandseethem_(打篮球）4.Idiscoveredhim_(在说谎）5.Wefoundthem_(已经提前完成了任务）6.Theyweremade_(夜以继日地干活）7.Thetwocheats_(让灯亮了一整夜）8.Thethiefwascaught_(在商店里偷窃）9.Thegunshotsentthebirds_(四处飞去）10.Theyareexpected_(越来越努力学习）,nottoletoutthesecret,Weadvisedhimtogiveupsmoking,playbasketball,tobetellinglies,tohavecompletedtheirtaskaheadoftime,toworkdayandnight,hadthelampsburningallnightlong,stealinginashop,flyingawayinallthedirections,tostudyharderandharder,Multiplechoice1.Themissingboywaslastseen_bytheriver.playingB,playC,playedD,toplay2.Donthavethehorse_sofast;Itsdangerous.A,torunB,runsC,runningD,ran3.Tomhadhispocket_onabusthismorning.A,pickB,topickC,pickingD,picked,4.Peopleinthesouthoftenhavetheirhouses_bamboo.madeofB,makingofC,tobemadeofD,makeof5.People_onthecoastoftenhavetheirhouses_byhurricanesA,living;damagingB,living;damagedC,lived,damagedD,live;damage6.Iwillgobacktoourhometown.Doyouhaveanything_home?totakeB,takingC,tobetakenD,taken7.Pleasecomehere;Ihavesomethingimportant_you.A,tellingB,tobetoldC,toldD,totell8.Girlsarenotallowed_theirfingernailsredatschool.paintedB,paintingC.topaintD,tobepainted9.Youdbettergetmorepeople_theworkimmediately.AtodoB,doingCdoD,done10.Youdbettergetthework_atonce;Itsgongtorain.AtodoB,doingCdoD,done11.MissSara,I_attherailwaystation.Mybossisbusynow.AamgoingtoseeyouoffB,toseeyouoffC.amabouttoseeyouoffD,mustseeyouoff12.Whathesaidgotus_alltheway.A.laughingB,laughC,tolaughD,laughed,非谓语动词作状语,（1）不定式做状语，表示原因,目的或结果。为了强调目的,可与inorderto或soasto连用。1,Ireachedhomeonlytofindmyolddogdead.2,Hegotupearly(inorder)tocatchtheearlybus.3,ToimproveourEnglish,wecomehere.4,Imsogladtoseeyou.5,Theywenttotherailwaystation,onlytobetoldthatthetrainhadleft.注:(1)“only+不定式”表示出乎预料的结果.Hewenttotheseasideonlytobedrowned,(2)不定式表结果常与下列结构连用.A,so+adj/adv+as(not)todo(如此以至于(没）)Imnotsostupidastodothat.B,such+(adj)n+as(not)todo(如此以至于(不)Imnotsuchafoolastobelievethat.C,enough+n+todo(足够)Idonthaveenoughmoneytobuyacar.D,adj/adv+enough+todo(足已到/能)Thegirlisoldenoughtogotoschool.E,too+adj/adv+todo(太以至于不能)Imtootiredtogoanyfurther.,分词作状语,分词作状语可以表示时间，条件，原因，结果，伴随或方式，及独立成分。分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，分词与逻辑主语的关系是主动的，用现在分词，反之，用过去分词1,Hearingthenews,hecouldnthelplaughing.（时间）=2,Givenenoughtime,Icandoitbetter（条件）=3,Beingill,hedidntgotoschool（原因）=4,Theglassfelltotheground,breakingintopieces.(结果）=5,Ourteachercamein,followedbymanystudents(伴随）=6,Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromAmerica.7,Generallyspeaking,onemustbeconfident.,whenheheardthenews,IfIamgivenenoughtime,Becausehewasill,sothatitbrokeintopieces.,andhewasfollowedbymanystudents,Task:completethefollowingsentences,1.Hecameintotheroom,_(后面簇拥着许多学生）2.Hismotherdied,_(使他成为一个孤儿）3.Hewenttotherailwaystation,_(却得知火车已经开了）4.Imsoglad_(见到你）.Bye-by.5.Wegotupearly_(为了赶上早班车）6._(从山顶上看）,theparklooksmorebeautiful.7._（作为学生），healwayskeepsaciviltongue.8._(因为残疾），Tomcannotmovearound.9.Heissolazy_(以至于考试没有及格）10.Sheisoldenough_（结婚）11.Youcanneverbetoocareful_（做工作）12.Sheistooclever_(不会不理解你的话）13.Oneisnevertooold_(而不能学习）14.Iambuttoohappy_(被邀请参加你的聚会）15._(从口音上判断),youreaHarbinese16.Imnotsuchafool_(会相信你的鬼话）17.Hewenttohelptheoldman,_(却被关进监狱）,followedbymanystudents,leavinghimanorphan,onlytotoldthatthetrainhadleft,tohaveseenyou,soastocatchtheearlybus,SeenfromtopofthehillBeingastudent,Beingdisabled,asnottopasstheexam,togetmarried,todoyourwork,nottounderstandyou,tolearn,tobeinvitedtoyourbirthdayparty,Judgingfromhisaccent,astobelieveyournonsense,onlytobeputintoprison,非谓语动词的时态、语态,主动语态时态不定式动名词分词一般时tododoingdoing进行时tobedoing完成时tohavedonehavingdonehavingdone被动语态一般时tobedonebeingdonedone进行时beingdone完成时tohavebeendonehavingbeendonehavingbeendone,动名词时态、语态的用法,1.动名词的一般形式表示一般性动作，（即是不明确过去，现在或将来的动作）或是与谓语动词同时发生的动作WeareinterestedinclimbingmountainsIprefersingingtodancing2如果强调动名词的完成时，要用完成形式Iregrethavingtakenheradvice.Hewaspraisedforhavingpassedtheexam.3当一个动名词逻辑上的主语是该动名词的承受者，这个动名词要用被动形式HeenteredtheroomwithoutbeingseenHerememberedbeingtakentoBeijingwhenhewasachild4如果动名词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用完成形式HeisproudofhavingbeensenttoworkinTibet.Tomregrettednothavingbeeninvitedtotheparty.,不定式时态、语态的用法,1.不定式的动作与谓语动词同时发生时，用一般时态Hewantedtoseeyou2.强调不定式的动作正在进行时，用进行时态WhenIcamein,hepretendedtobereadingabookHeissaidtobewritinganovel3.强调不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生时，用不定式完成时Heissaidtohavewrittenanovel.Imsogladtohaveseenyou.Thegroundissowet,Itmusthaverainedlastnight,不定式被动语态的用法.A,当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式的承受者时，用被动语态SheaskedtobesenttoworkinTibet(宾语)ThebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoEnglish(或叫合Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere(主语),句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语，尽管不定式与被修饰词是被动关系，也还要用主动语态1,GivehimsomebooktoreadDoyouhaveanyclothestowash?“Doyouhaveanyclothestobewashed?”askedthemaid2,S+be+easydifficulthardpleasantinterestingexcitingcomfortable+todoThisquestioniseasytoanswerTheboyisdifficulttoteach3,ThehouseistoletThemanageristoblame.Thereasonisnotfartoseek.4Therebe句型中，主动形式或被动形式均可但有时含意不同Thereisnothingtodonow(wehavenothingtodonow)现在没事干Thereisnothingtobedonenow(wecandonothingnow)现在没什么办法Thereisnothingtosee(nothingisworthseeing)没有东西值得看Thereisnothingtobeseen看不见有什么东西,分词时态、语态的用法,如果强调分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用完成形式。Nothavingfinishedhishomework,Tomwasmadetostayatschool.Havingclosedallthewindows,IwenthomeHavingbeeninvitedtotheparty,Tomwasveryhappy.,分词所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生。分词与其逻辑主语的关系时被动的，要用被动语态1.Lookingoutofthewindow,Icanseemanycarsandbuses.2.SeenfromthetopofDragonTower,Harbinlooksmorebeautiful.3.Theteachercamein,_manystudents.(follow)4.Theteachercamein,_bymanystudents.(follow),following,followed,如果强调分词表示的动作正在进行时，要用分词的进行时态。1.Beingrepaired,thebuildingisforbiddentoenter.2.ThehousebeingbuiltnowisaHopeProjectSchool.3.Passingbytheaccidentscene,Isawthemanbadlyhurtbeingcarriedontoanambulance.,Task:completethefollowingsentences,1.“（你有衣服要洗吗）?themaidasked.2._(没有完成作业),TomwasforbiddentowatchTV.3._(正在刷油漆),thehousewasnotallowedtoenter.4._(被邀请参加舞会),Maryfeltexcited.5.Thedifficultmathsproblem_(很难算出）.6.Shewasangryfor_(没有被邀请）totheball.7.Thethiefstoleintothestore_(没人看到）8.Theflat_(出租）9.Themanwhowasondutythatday_(应受谴责）10.Theywe