三大从句与写作应用讲解版ppt课件

三大从句考点提问清单写作应用,1,代人或物，充当主宾表（充宾可省）；不用于非限定，不介连,代物或前文整件事。,充当主宾表，用于句首，或与thesamesuch连用时,表人，whom做宾语，可介连,做定语，=ofwhichwhom,作时间状语,作地点状语,作原因状语,2,只用that的几种情况：,当不定代词anything,nothing,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时。eg:ThatisallthatIwanttosay.TherewaslittlethatIcoulddoforyou.2.先行词为序数词、形容词最高级或theonly,thevery修饰时.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Thisistheverydictionarythatiwanttobuy.,3,2.引导词that用法小结与应用？a)引导定从，_（见表）_。写作应用：1)这是我所见过最好的电影。_b)引导名从，_。写作应用：1）许多人支持这样的观点，帮助他人就意味着帮助自己。（beinfavoroftheideathat.）_2)众所周知，不是每个人都将被大学录取。_,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.,只连不充当成分,引导宾从可省,Manypeopleareinfavoroftheideathathelpingothersmeanshelpingthemselves.,Asiswellknown,noteveryonecanbeadmittedtocollege.,4,c）用于强调句_。写作应用：1）也就是你的帮助，对我的人生起了很大作用。_d)含that的状从,_。写作应用：1）他的表现如此出色以至于受到了经理的表扬。_提示：除了引导从句，that用法有：_;_写作应用：1）天津的人口比北京的人口少。_,Itisyourhelpthatmakesadifferencetomylife.,只连不充当成分。,sosuchthatinorderthatforfearthatonconditonthat,Hedidsowellthathewaspraisedbythemanager.,Sowelldidhedothathewaspraisedbythemanager.,adv.很,代词，代可单、不可名词或整件事。,ThepopulationofTianjinislargerthanthatofBeijing.,5,3.引导词which理解与应用？a)引导定从时，_;写作应用：1）天津有很多名胜古迹，是一个历史悠久的大城市。_2)他为母亲买了个新电视，这使得母亲非常高兴。_b)引导名从时_。2)我也不知道在这次比赛中那支队会赢得最后的胜利。_,代物或前文整件事。,Tianjinisabigcitywhichhaslotsofplacesofinterestandalonghistory.,HeboughthismotheranewTV,whichmadehismotherverydelighted.,连接代词,adj性，作定语,Idontknowwhichteamwillwinthefinalvictoryeither.,6,4.成分解题步骤：判定从句（类型）看所缺成分锁定连词1)Ishallneverforgetthedays_IlivedinTianJin.2)Ishallneverforgetthedays_Ispentwithmycousin.A.thatB.onwhichC.whenD.where3）_Iwanttotellyouisthedeeploveandrespect_Ihaveformyparents.That;thatB.What;whichC.Which;whatD.What;what4）Thequestionis_teamwillwinthematch.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This5）AfterlivinginPair50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when,C,A,7,AfterlivinginPair50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.whenIvisitedthecountry_hadbeenbombedbytheUS-ledNATOamonthbefore.A.whereB.C.thatD.inwhich,题型变换：AfterlivinginPair50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachildin.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when,in,8,5.定从与同位语从句中的隔离现象？_ThisisthebookonthedeskwhichIborrowedfromourlibrary.写作应用：1）中国人被歧视的日子一去不返了。_2)我们班赢得了比赛的消息传来了。（Wordcamethat.）_,一隔介短；二隔谓语。,ThedaysaregonewhentheChinsewerelookeddownon。,Wordcamethatourclasswonthismatch.,9,6.写作时要注意从句中的语义重复？(改错)1）Theboywhoweoftenplaywithhimisourmonitor.2）ThisisthehousewhereIlivedintwoyearsago.,10,7.定语从句中的whose怎么用？Ivisitedascientist_nameisknownalloverthecountry._(用ofwhom替换)Theclassroom_doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=_(用ofwhich替换)写作应用：1）许多父母在大城市工作的孩子不得不由家里的老人照顾。_2)我有两个哥哥，其中一个是个医生。_,whose,.thenameofwhom.,whose,thedoorofwhich.,ManychildrenwhoseparentsworkinbigcitiesHavetobetakencareofbytheoldfamilies.,Ihavetwobrothers,oneofwhomisadoctor.,11,8.介词+关系代词可以=_只存在于定语从句中。写作应用：1）雷锋是我们应该学习的好榜样。_,关系副词,LeiFengisagoodexamplefromwhomweshouldlearn.,12,介词的判定还原法,LeiFeng_whomweshouldlearnisourgoodexample.LeiFengweshouldlearn_isourgoodexample.Thisistheboy_whomIplayedtennisyesterday.Ilikethiscity_whichIhavelivedformorethantenyears.,whom,LeiFeng,from,from,with,in,from,from,with,13,1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,_whichwecantlive.2.Theengineer_whommyfatherworksisabout50yearsold.3.Illneverforgettheday_whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason_whichhehasntturnedupyet?,for,with,on,without,14,9.as在从句中的应用?a)as引导定从，_。Thisissuchaninterestingbook_wealllike.写作应用：1）正如谚语所说，有志者事竟成。_b)as引导_状语从句。写作应用：1）随着时间的流逝，我们都长大了。_2)入乡随俗。_,用于句首，或与thesamesuch,as,Asthesayinggoes,wherethereisawill,thereisaway.,时间、原因、方式、让步,Astimegoesby,wegrowold.,WhenyouareinRome,doasRomesdo.,15,作时间状语,只连不充当成分,引导宾从可省,只连接不充当成分，带疑问,只引导表语从句。,表事物，充当从句主、宾、表，定。,表人，充当从句主、宾。,连接代词,adj性，作定语,做定语，表谁的,作地点状语,作原因状语,作方式状语或表程度,16,写作应用：1）大家正在讨论关于是否我们应该熬夜来学习。_2)他很想知道我们如何按时完成任务。_3)他住在哪里没人知道。_,Wearedicussingaboutwhetherweshouldstayuptostudy.,Hewonderedhowwecanfinishtaskontime.,Nobodyknowswherehelives.,17,11.引导词what理解与应用？a)what只引导名从_。写作应用：1）他所说的与所做的截然不同。（nothinglike）_2)重要的是你要学会听从别人的建议。（whatisimportantwhatmattersmostisthat.）_,表事物，充当主、宾、表，定。,Whathesaidisnothinglikewhathedid.,Whatmattersmostisthatyouneedtolearntofollowtheothersadvice.,18,b)whatever既可引导_,也可以引导_。（=nomatterwhat）写作应用：1）无论我们遇到了什么困难，我们都要努力克服。_2）无论你做什么都和我没有关系。_,名从,状从,Nomatterwhatdifficultywemeet,wemusttryourbesttoovercomeit.,Whateveryoudoisnoneofmybusiness.,Whateveryoudohasnothingtodowithme.,19,12.名从中的形式主语与形式宾语？写作应用：1）很肯定的是，成功在于不断的努力。（itiscertainthat.）_2)他不应该把别人帮助他当成理所应当的事情。（takeitforgrantedthat.）_3）很明显，他不断的努力成就了他最后的成功。_,Itiscertainthatsuccessliesintheconstantefforts.,Heshouldnttakeitforgrantedthatothershelpedhim.,Itisobviousthathisconstanteffortscontributetohisfinalvictory.,20,13.宾语从句的时态规则？主过去从句_;主现在从句_;从句是客观事实或真理一律用_。写作应用：1）小的时候，老师告诉我光的速度比声音的速度要快。_2)昨天，当我邀请他去看电影的时候，他说他已经看过这部电影两次了。_,用过去的相应时态,看情况而定,一般现在时,Theteachertoldhisclassthatlighttravelsfasterthansoundwhenhewasachild.,Yesterday,hesaidhehadseenthismoivetwicewhenIinvitedhimtogotothecinema.,21,14.表语从句的特殊引导词becauseasif用法？写作应用：1）他看起来好像很疲惫。_2)他生病了，那就是他今天没来的原因。_(why)_(thereasonwhyisthat.),Helooksasifheisverytired.,Hewasill.Thatiswhywasabsenttoday.,Thereasonwhyhewasabsentwasthathewasill.,22,同位语从句个性考点,15.同位语从句与定语从句异同？。Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallydisappointing.【归纳总结】两类从句一般都放在_之后。而同位语从句前的名词多为抽象名词，从句补充说明，指出内容，that在从句中_成分。而定从是对前名词进行_，that在定从中_成分。,名词,不充当,修饰限定,充当,23,写作英语：1）毫无疑问的是没有什么比生命更重要。_2)我们赢得比赛的消息很快在校园里传开了。_3)你昨天告诉我的消息很令人失望。_,Wordcamethatwewonthismatchinourschool.,Thereisnodoubtthatnothingismoreimportantthanlife.,Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdayisdisappointing.,24,16.名词性从句中的虚拟有哪些？_写作：1）我们应该养成好的学习习惯这很重要._2)真该是我们好好学习的时候了。_3)我的建议是我们要懂得如何记笔记。_,Itisimportantthatweshouldformgoodhabitsofstudying.,Itistimethatwestudiedhard.,Itistimethatweshouldstudyhard.,Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)knowhowtotakenotes.,25,16.名词性从句中的虚拟语气Itssuggestedthattheplan_(be)carriedout.Hisfalefacesuggestedthathe_(be)verytired.Heinsistedthatwestudents_(finish)ourhomeworkbyourselves.*Thethiefinsistedthathe_(notsteal)thebook.,(should)be,was,(should)finish,hadntstolen,【归纳总结】“坚持,命令，建议，要求”构成的名从谓语用_但suggust表_时不用虚拟；insist表示坚持自身很肯定的事情_虚拟。,表明；暗示,不用,(should)do,26,17.如何判定连词个数？_1)Oneofthemenheldtheview_thebooksaidwasright.whatthatB.thatwhatthatwhichD.whichthat2)_isknownisthatheisafamousscientist.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As,谓动词个数：2个谓语，2个句子，一个连词。,27,18.从一句多译看从句间的转换？1）他把书放在小孩子够不到的地方。_(状从)_(定从)2)这就是所有我要告诉你的。_（定从）_(名从),Heputthebookwherethekidscantreachit.,Heputthebookintheplacewherethekidscantreachit.,ThisisallthatIwanttotellyou.,ThisiswhatIwanttotellyou.,28,3）无论谁违反了校规，都要收到惩罚。_(名从)_(定从)_(状从)4）众所周知，他是个著名的作家。_(定语从句)_(主语从句)_(主从+表从),Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.,Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.,Whoeverbreaksthelaw,hewillbepunished.(=nomatterwho),Asweknow,heisafamouswriter.,Asisknown,heisafamouswriter.,Itisknownthatheisafamouswriter.,Whatisknownisthatheisafamouswriter.,29,30,31,32,一：AdverbialClausesofTime时间状语从句,Whenwhileas区别？【考题探究】OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway_mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.A.afterB.whileC.sinceD.when考点总结1：三个词中只有_可以接暂时性动词。典型句型：wasdoingsomethingwhenwasabouttodowhenwasonthepointofdoingsth.when,思考：三个词的共同点？,when,都表.的时候，都接延续性动词。,33,【考题探究】Wearecleaningtheclassroom_theyareplayingthefootball.A.whenB.whileC.asD.themoment【考题探究】_Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless考点总结2：_可强调对比，表“然而”;有时候也表转折，意为_。【考题探究】_timegoesby,weallgrowold.A.afterB.withC.sinceD.As考点总结3：只有_表“随着”。典型句型:随着社会的发展，Associetydevelops,.Withsocietydeveloping,Withthedevelopmentofsociety,while,尽管,【变式思考】_timegoingby,weallgrowold.afterB.withC.sinceD.As,as,34,【考题探究】1.(01北京春)DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?Yes.Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.although2.(1998上海)Ithoughtherniceandhonest_Imether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime3._enteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadforgottenhisreport.A.HehardlyhadB.HadhehardlyC.HardlyhadheD.Hardlyhehad,B,C,C,35,2.总结“一.就”？,1）Thethiefwascaught_hearrivedinDalian.2）_(arrive)inDalian,thethiefwascaught.3）Hardly_thethiefarrivedinDalian_hewascaught.4）Thethief_arrivedinDalianthanhewascaught.考点4：注意时态与倒装？1)I_(give)thelettertoherassoonasIseeher.2)I_(give)thelettertoherthemomentIsawher.3)Nosooner_I_(go)tobedthanI_(go)tosleep.,assoonas2)Themomentminuteinstant,3)immediately,directly,instantly,4)hardlywhen.;nosoonerthan5)Ondoingsth,.,assoonas,Onarriving,had,when,hadnosooner,willgive,gave,gone,went,36,3.since“自从”，时态要谨记：,常规：He_(work)heresincehe_(leave)hishometown.【考题探究】1)Ithasbeenisthreeyears_Icamehere.2)Itwas5am_wearrivedatthevillage.3)Itwas/willbetwoweeks_wemet/meetagain.考点总结5：时间点对应_；时间段，从句用过去，主句一般现在或现完，用_;主将从现或主从皆过去，用_。,hasworked,left,since,when,before,when,since,before,【变式思考】Itwasthreeyearsago_Icamehere.A.whenB.sinceC.beforeD.that,37,小试牛刀1.(04福建)Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when2.(05北京春)Itisalmostfiveyears_wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.because,C,B,38,4.untiltill(till不用于句首）,基本用法：主句为持续性动词，主句肯定，意为“到为止”如：Heremainedtheretill/untilshearrived.主句短暂性动词时，用否定，意思是“直到才”如：Shewontgotobedtill/untilhereturnshome.思考：将上述划线句子变成强调句与倒装句？强调句：_倒装：_,Itisnotuntilhereturnshomethatshewillgotobed.,Notuntilhereturnshomewillshegotobed.,39,二：条件状语从句,if,unless,as/solongas,onconditionthat,incase(万一),once,【考题探究】Itisknowntoallthat_youexerciseregularly,youwontkeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.if【考题探究】IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctors_Ihavetowait.（05全国卷3）AincaseBsothatCinorderDasif考点7：unless相当于ifnot，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。考点8：incase+_;incaseof+_.,句子,词语,40,【考题探究】Onlyifyoueatthecorrectfood_beabletokeepfit.A.willyouB.canyouC.youcanD.youwill【考题探究】Ifailedinthetestagain._Ihadmadeagoodpreparationforit.A.onlyifB.ifonlyC.whenD.unless考点总结9：onlyif意为_,主语_;ifonly意为_,从句部分用_。写作练习：只用用这种方式，我们才能获取成功。_,只有；如果,半倒装,要是就好了,虚拟,Onlyinthiswaycanwemakesuccess.,41,三.原因状语从句,becausesince,nowinthatas*for(并列句，只放句中),选词填空：1)Whywereyouabsentfromthemeetingyesterday?_Iwasill.2)_everybodyishere,letsbeginourmeeting3)_youdidntturnupatyesterdaysget-together,wemissedyouverymuch）Itmusthaverainedlastnight,_thegroundiswet,Because,Since,As,for,42,四：让步状从,though,although,while，as,evenif/though,nomatterwh-wh-ever,whetheror,【考题探究】1)_lateheis,hisfamilywillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.2)_difficultiesweface,wewillnevergiveuphope.3)_yousayisofnousenow.考点总结10：_只用于状从；_既引导状从，也引导名从。_+adj.adv;_+n.，句序相当于感叹句。,However,Whatever,Whatever,nomatterwh-,wh-ever,however,whatever,43,考点11：“尽管”值多少？,【考题探究】Child_heis,heknowsalot.(as引导的让步状从须倒装)=_heisachild,heknowsalot.考点总结11：_不可倒；_必须倒；_可倒可不到。,although,though,whileas,asthough,Althoughwhilethough,althoughwhile,as,though,44,五：地点状语从句,【考题探究】Heplantedalotoftrees_therearemountainsandrivers.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.when考点12：注意与状从与定从的区别：在定从中where可以=_。,介词+which,45,六：方式状从,as;asifthough,【考题探究】1)When(youare)inRome,do_