高考英语完形填空讲解示范课课件.ppt

WELCOME,Howtodoclozetests?,高考总体要求完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。,Briefintroduction,Step1Skip(跳读)thepassagetogetthegeneralideaandpayattentiontothefirstsentence.,Intheclozetest,thereisnoblankinthefirstsentence(首句).Ithelpsustoknowthetopicofthewholepassage.(完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）,Skipthefollowingpassageandtrytogetthegeneralideaofit.,ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.,AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,1cashencouragement,somewomenjustdontwanttobe2holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatitsgoodforthe3ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.4Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)5dayoffwork.Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployers6togiveyoungwomenthepermanent（永久的）jobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(产假).InJanuary,Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonthspaidleave,withawarming:useitor7it.,Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder8tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse.“Itsnotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace,”hesays.“Butitsgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan9arelationship.”InNorway,a(n)10policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.(2004上海卷）,Generalidea:,InEuropeancountries,thebirthratehasdecreased.Sothegovernmentsaretakingmeasurestoencourageparentstocreatemorebabies.,Step2Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusingsomemethods.在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案。,Discuss:Whatareyourmethodsofdoingclozetests?,Fourmethods(四种常用的方法)：,1、context上下文语境2、worddistinctionsorcollocations词语辨析和固定搭配3、informationgiveninthepassage利用文章中的信息（原词复现、近义词和反义词等）4、culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常识,1、Informationgiveninthepassage利用文章中的信息(原词复现、近义词和反义词等）,(1)MissBrownsaid,“MayI17(correct)asmallmistakethatyoumade,MissDike?Columbuscrossedthe18inthe15th,notthe16thcentury.He19(discovered)Americain1492.SirFrancisDrakewasagreatsailorinthe16thcentury.You20(mighthavecrossed)theAtlanticoceanwithhim.A.PacificB.IndianC.ArcticD.Atlantic(2)IrememberasachildIsaidsomething40aboutsomebody,andmyfathersaid,“Anytimeyousaysomethingunpleasantaboutsomebodyelse,itsareflectionofyou.”(NMET2005山东)A.unkindB.unnecessaryC.unimportantD.unusual(3)Apparently,althoughnoonewantstobe51allthetime,everyoneneedssomedegreeofprivacy.2007上海）A.noisyB.aloneC.personalD.sociable,D,A,B,2、Worddistinctionsorcollocations词语辨析和固定搭配,(1)ManyboysandgirlslearnEnglishatschool.Itisoneoftheir4(subjects).ManypeoplelearnEnglishbecauseitis5(useful)intheirwork.SomeyoungpeoplelearnEnglish6(for)theirhigherstudiesbecausesomeoftheirbooksare7English.A.inB.withC.atD.of(2)Withsuchacreditcard,youcantravelandentertainwhenandwhereyou15(want).Theworldsleadinghotels,motelsandresorts（胜地）welcometheCard.Youcanchargenearlyeverything,includinggolfandtennis16.A.moneyB.faresC.ticketsD.fees,A,D,3、Context上下文语境,(1)TheancientGreekswereveryinterestedinthenatureoftheworldaroundthemandputforwardmanyinterestingtheoriestoexplainthings.Sometimestheywereright,1veryoftentheywerewrong.A.andB.soC.butD.for(2)Areyourtablemannersmuchbetterwhenyouareeatingatafriendshomeorinarestaurantthantheyareatyourownhome?Probablyso,1(because)youareawarethatpeoplejudgeyoubyyourtablemanners.Youtakespecialpainswhenyouareeating2.(2005上海)A.inpublicB.athomeC.ateaseD.inahurry,C,A,4、Culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常识,(1)themotherwasholdingtheirbabydaughter,Ally.Thelittlegirlhadsomefoodstuckinherthroat,andcouldhardlybreathe.Mr.Whitedrovethemto.Theambulancewasrunningveryfastalongtheroad.A.thebesthospitalB.thebiggesthospitalC.thenearesthospitalD.theChildrensHospital(2)PeopleofBurhngtonarebeingdisturbedbythesoundofbells.FourstudentsfromBurlingtonCollegeofHigherEducationareinthebelltowerofthe26havemadeuptheirmindsto27(ring)thebellsnonstopfortwoweeksasaprotest（抗议）againstheavytruckswhichrun28(dayandnight)throughthenarrowHighStreet.(NMET1999)A.collegeB.villageC.townD.church,C,D,Step3Readthepassageagainandchecktheanswers.（将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查）,Tips:1、thetenseandthevoice，theaccordbetweensubjectandpredicate（时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致）2、grammarandcollocations（语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否逻辑上一致）3、theconnectionbetweensentencesandparagraphs(段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯)4、themeaningofthewholepassage（整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理）,Step1Skipthepassagetogetthegeneralideaandpayattentiontothefirstsentence.（跳读掌握大意，注意首句）,Step2Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusingsomemethods.（借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案）,Step3Readthepassageagainandchecktheanswers.（复读检查）,Threesteps,Sumup（总结）,1、context上下文语境2、worddistinctionsorcollocations词语辨析和固定搭配3、informationgiveninthepassage利用文章中的信息（原词复现、近义词和反义词等）4、culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常识,Fourmethods,Doaclozetestandthinkaboutthemethods.,ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,1cashencouragement,somewomenjustdontwanttobe2holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatitsgoodforthe3ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.4Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)5dayoffwork.Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployers,A,B,A,C,D,6togiveyoungwomenthepermanent（永久的）jobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(产假).InJanuary.Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonthspaidleave,withawarming:useitor7it.Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder8tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse.“Itsnotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace,”hesays.“Butitsgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan9arelationship.”InNorway,a(n)10policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.,D,D,C,B,B,Howmanymethodsareusedwhenyoudothiscloze?,Discuss:,ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreassincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,1(inspiteof)cashencouragement,somewomenjustdontwanttobe2(left)holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatitsgoodforthe3(birth-rate)ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.4(Eventhough)Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)5(single)dayoffwork.Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployers,context(上下文),worddistinctions(词语辨