历届高考写作课件.ppt

历年高考写作体裁,历年高考写作话题和时态,重要性历年分值与要求,1580-100人物介绍；介绍体育明星孙淑伟,15100左右看图；六图说明探望祖母的经过，日记,25/150100左右看图；六图讲述动物故事（阿福救人）,25/150约100词广播通知；通知参加欢迎美国朋友的晚会,25/15080-100看图；给Peter信，指明野餐（picnic）道路,30/150100左右看表格；介绍自己基本情况，书写申请,30/150100左右看图；六图违反交通法规，被惩罚值勤,30/150100左右看图；六图参观农场，写日记,30/150100左右看图；分析学校三年平面图，写信谈变化,25/150100左右看图目击交通事故，警察局里写报告,25/150100左右看表格；给Dick回信，谈减负带来的变化,英语句子的种类,简单句(simplesentence),并列句(compoundsentence),复合句(complexsentence),简单句(simplesentence),只包含一个主谓结构Maryopenedthedoor.两个主语和一个谓语Steveandhisfriendarecomingtodinner.一个主语和两个谓语Maryopenedthedoorandgreetedtheguests.,简单句的五种基本句型,(1)主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)Theweatherisverycold.(2)主语+不及物动词(S+Vi)Helaughed.(3)主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)IlikeChinesefood.,P,Vi,Vt,O,(4)主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)Shetaughtthemphysics.(5)主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)Wemustkeeptheroomwarm.,IO,DO,C,请说出下列句子类型。,1.Summeriscoming.2.Theywontletmego.3.HeshowedmeanewTVset.4.Sheknowswhattodo.5.Theweatherisverycold.,S+Vi,S+V+C,S+V+IO+DO,S+V+O,S+V+P,并列句(compoundsentence):把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来，则成为一个并列句。,IturnedontheTV.Iwatchedit.IturnedontheTVandwatchedit.Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidntlikeit.Iboughtmysisterapresent,butshedidntlikeit.,并列句,并列句,常用并列连词coordinatingconjunctions,平行并列连词:转折并列连词：因果并列连词:选择并列连词:,and,bothand,notonlybutalso,neithernor,but,however,while,yet,for,so,or,eitheror,请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.2.Thechildhidbehindhismothersskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.,Hewastired,sohewenttobed.,Thechildhidbehindhismothersskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.,Hemadeapromise.Hedidntkeepit.,Hemadeapromise,butHedidntkeepit.,Maryisopeningthedoor.Johnisgreetingherguests.,Maryisopeningthedoor,andJohnisgreetingherguests.,复合句:主句+从句主句是一个完整的句子(independentsentence),它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在.,Bythetimehearrived,1wehadalreadyleft.2,请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。,从句,主句,在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句：1.主语从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句5.状语从句6.定语从句,中学生英文写作中经常使用的从句有：宾语从句状语从句定语从句,指出下列各从句的类型：,Ihopethateverythingisallright.ShewasreadingthenewspaperwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.,宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句,Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why),请用括号中所给的词把每组句子连接为一个复合句。,Istillremembertheday.IfirstcametoBeijingonthatday.(when),IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.,Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.,请把每组句子连接为一个含有状语从句复合句。Illgivethelettertohim.Iseehim.(时间状语从句)Hedidntcomeyesterday.Hewasill.(原因状语从句)Itissuchabigbox.Nobodycanmoveit.(结果状语从句)Wellgotothegreatwall.Itsfinetomorrow.(条件状语从句)Weshouldnotgothereallthetime.Theplaceisquitepleasant.(让步状语从句),IllgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.Hedidntcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.Itissuchabigboxthatnobodycanmoveit.Wellgotothegreatwallifitsfinetomorrow.Althoughtheplaceisquitepleasant,weshouldnotgothereallthetime.,有下划线的词叫从属连词(subordinatingconjunction),请用所学知识改正下列病句Myroommatewassleeping,wedidntwanttowakeherup.Iwenttobed.BecauseIwastired.,Myroommatewassleeping.Wedidntwanttowakeherup.Myroommatewassleeping,sowedidntwanttowakeherup.IwenttobedbecauseIwastired.,Howtodealwiththewriting？,Fivesteps,1、Analysethetopic,Style,person,tense,keypoints,2、wordsandphrases：Useoneortwowordstoexpressthekeypoints.,3、Makesentences：Usethewordsorphrasestomakesentences.,4、Formthepassage：,Attentions：,Agreement(Subjectandpredicate,tense),Backgroundsituation（time,place,condition),Logicalrelations,BeginningYoursaffectionately朋友、平辈：SincerelyyoursYourssincerely上级、长者：YoursrespectfullyRespectfullyyours单位、部门：YourssincerelyYoursfaithfully,结束语Closing,信封正面,发信人姓名发信人地址,收信人姓名收信人地址,信封背面,发信人姓名发信人地址,聘请客座教授【内容提示】Jackson教授是美国人，现在浙江大学任教。他是国际上知名的心理学博士，专门从事青少年心理研究。你校准备用一个学期的时间给同学们讲讲心理学方面的常识，每周两学时。请你以教务主任吴建平的名义给Jackson写封聘请信，请他来给你们讲学。要点如下：聘期一学期，从2003年9月1日起至2004年1月31日止。月薪人民币4000元，5个月共计20,000元。免费提供两居室公寓一套，供其休息和办公用。【词语解释】elementaryknowledge基础知识ontherecommendationof在的推荐下appointv.聘请furnishedapartment一套备有家具的公寓房atyourearliestconvenience尽早（回信）,DearProf.Jackson,Weareplanningtogiveourstudentssomeelementaryknowledgeofpsychology.Asyouareaworldwell-knownscholaranddoctorinthepsychologicalstudiesofteenagers.We,ontherecommendationofProf.Liu,headofyourdepartment,begtotakeanopportunitytoinviteyoutocometoourschooltogiveussomelectures.Ifyouconsideritconvenienttodoso,weshallappointyouasavisitingprofessorofpsychologyfromSeptember1st,2003toJanuarythe31st,2004foraperiodofonesemester.Wewillpayyouamonthlysumof￥4,000and￥20,000inall.Wewillalsoofferyou,freeofcharge,atwo-roomfurnishedapartmentonourcampusforyourrestandwork.Hopingtogetafavorablereplyfromyouatyourearliestconvenience.Yourssincerely,WuJianping(DeanofYuyaoHighSchool),【要求】假如你叫王平，你的一室友染上了烟瘾，请你给他写封信，劝说他戒烟。信中要说明吸烟的危害，要求有说服力，使他树立起戒烟的信心和决心。字数80100字。,ALettertoRoommateMydearestfriend,RecentlyIhavenoticedahabitofyoursthatisbecomingaseriousproblem.Itsyoursmoking.Wheneveryouarehere,ourbedroomisfilledwithaterriblesmell.Smokingdoesharmtoyourhealth,especiallyitisoftenconnectedwithcancer.Alsosmokingdoesharmtothehealthofothersaroundyou.Yourroommatesavoidbeinginthebedroombecauseitisbeingpolluted.Itisnotdifficulttogiveupsmokingifyoureallydecidetodoso.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Illbereadytohelpyouifyouneedit.Yourssincerely,WangPing,WednesdayMay5thCloudyItisnearlyamonthsinceIbegankeepingdiaries.IfinditaverygoodexerciseinEnglishcomposition.IgotbackmyessayonAVisittothePark.ItwasmarkedwithA.Therewereonlythreemistakesinit:oneingrammarandtwoinidiom.ImhappytoseethatIcannowexpressmyselfinEnglishmoreusuallythaneverbefore.,日记Diary,NotMyDayMon.,Sept.26CloudyTodaywassimplynotmyday.Everythingjustwentwrong.HowunluckyIwastoday.Inthemorning,Isoiled(弄脏)mydresswhileeatingmybreakfast.Thehot-dogIwaseatingslippedfrommyplateandlandedonmydress.Itwasreallyclumsy(笨手笨脚的)ofme,butthatwasbecauseIwasinarealhurrytogotoschool.Hadtogoandgetchanged,ofcourse,soIwaslateforschool.Inschool,inmyhistoryclass,wehadanexamination.DidbadlyinthatexaminationbecauseIcouldntrememberwhatIstudiedlastnight.Tomakemattersworse,Ihadasillyfightwithmybestfriendoveracertaintopic.Isaidsomestupidwordstoo.Now,IhavetosaysorrytoCarol.Oh,justcouldntwaittogetbackhometoday.Oncehome,relaxedmyselfbytakingahotshower.Now,Imgladthedayisover.Whew!Whataday.,June5th,2000DearMr.Zhao,IamsorrythatIamunabletoattendschoolduringthefollowingweekbecauseoftheSportsMeet.Theschoolexpectsmetoplayanimportantpartinit.AndIwillbebacktoclassinaweek.Ihopeyouwillexcusemyabsence.(infact,ItakeaFrenchleave)YoursrespectfullyCharlesEncl:thePETeacherscertificate(证明）,便条（病/事假条）,卢老师：因爷爷病重，我打算回家探望，要求请假一星期，从本月23日到29日止。附上姐姐发来的电报，请批准为盼。您的学生张三2003322,DearMrLi,ImverysorrytotellyouthatIcantattendschooltodaybecauseofabadcold.Ienclosethedoctorscertificate(证明)andaskyouforthreedayssickleave.Yourstudent,LiMingEnclose(附)：thedoctorscertificateforsickleave,（NOTICE/ANNOUNCEMENT),口头通知：LadiesandGentlemen,MayIhaveyouattentionplease?正文书面通知：NOTICEIncelebrationofMayDay,therewillbe-正文SchoolOfficeApril25th,2000,通知、通告,假如你是学生会干部，为提高学生的口语水平和激发学生学习英语的兴趣，在英语老师的协助下，学生会决定成立英语角，1999年1月，请你为学生会拟定一则书面通知，其内容要点如下：1学生会决定成立英语角。2高二、高三年级凡英语爱好者均可参加；高一年级参加者须填写申请表（applicationform），方可成为会员。3成立大会于元月10日上午在校大礼堂进行。4届时英语教研组长将致贺词，并将邀请北京大学外语系Tom教授作怎样提高英语口语水平的报告，报告长达1小时左右。5请所有英语角成员准时参加，并带上笔记本，要求：自拟标题。字数100200。只须把所有要点交代清楚，切忌逐条译成英语。,NoticeInordertodevelopetheskillofthestudentsinspeakingandarousethestudentsinterestlearningEnglish,theStudentUnionhasdecidedtosetupanEnglishCornerwiththehelpoftheteachersofEnglish.ThoseinseniortwoorthreewholikeEnglishwillbeacceptedasmembersoftheEnglishCorner.ThoseinsenioronewillbeadmittedtojointheEnglishCornerafterfillinginanapplicationform.Theopeningistoheldintheschoolhallat9a.m.onJanuary10th,1999.TheheadoftheEnglishteachingresearchgroupwillmakeaspeechofcongratulations,andprofessorTomfromtheForeignLanguageandLiteratureDepartmentofBeijinguniversitywillgiveusaone-hourtalkon“HowtoDevelopetheSkillinSpeaking.”Allthememberareexpectedtobethereontimewithyournote-books.StudentunionJanuarylst,1999,并列选择原因结果时间比较转折递进举例总结,Someofthediscoursemarkers,and;aswellas;also;,or;eitheror;orelse;otherwise,because;owingto;dueto;onaccountof;thanksto,so;therefore;thus;asaresult,when;soonafter;before;later;first;andthen;next;finally;afterwards.,onthecontrary;ontheotherhand;like,but;yet;however;although;inspiteof;instead;,besides;moreover;even;inaddition,forexample/instance;suchas;thatis;namely;,afterall;inshort;ingeneral;generallyspeakinginall,inaword,评分原则以及给分范围,第五档（很好）：完全完成试题规定的任务（21-25）第四档（好）：完全完成试题规定的任务，漏掉1、2个次重点。（16-20）第三档（适当）：基本完成试题规定的任务。（11-15）第二档（较差）：末完成试题规定的任务。（6-10）第一档（差）：末完成试题规定的任务。只能写出与所给要求内容有关的一些单词。（1-5）0分：末能传达读者任何信息。,Practice,根据下列图画中Tom骑自行车的经历，用英语写一篇短文。短文要写得连贯、完整。字数100字左右。,审题,词句文,参考答案,审题,1、体裁：叙述Tom骑自行车的经历，为记叙文体,2、主要时态：一般过去时，叙述描绘一起交通事故,3、人称：第三人称Tom,4、要点：记叙描绘文体，抓住四个要点：时间、地点、人物、事件的前后经过。,词句文,词：,torideabike,tohithisbikeandfalloff,句：,Tomwasridingabikealongthestreet.,Thecarhithisbikeandhefelloffit.,文：,Theotherday,Tomwasridingalongthestreet.Suddenly,acarwasrunningtowardshimfastandhithisbike,thenhefelloffit.,参考答案,Theotherday,Tomwasridingalongthestreet.Suddenly,acarwasrunningtowardshimfast.Hewassofrightenedthathequicklyturnedtotheleftside.Butitwastoolate.Thecarhithisbikeandhefelloffit.Whenthedriverrealizedthathehadcausedanaccident,hegotsuchafrightthathetookflightwithhiscar.Hewassoonoutofsight,leavingTomhelplessonthespot.Fortunatelyapasser-byhappenedtoseewhathadhappenedandrememberedthenumberofthecar.Hereportedthistothepolice.Nowthedriverhasbeencaughtandwillbepunishedforhiswrongdoing.,假设你是李华，在美国探亲。2000年2月8日清晨，你的目击一起交通事故。警察局让你写一份材料，报告当时所见情况。根据下列图画写出报告。注意：1、目击者应该准确报告事实；2、词数100左右；3、结尾已为你写好。,AbouttwominuteslaterIstoppedapassingcarandtooktheoldmantothenearesthospital.LiHua,审题,短文改错,小结,NMET2000书面表达（满25分）,2000年高考书面表达审题,1、题材：一份书面材料，报告你所目击的一起交通事故的经过，为记叙文体,2、主要时态：一般过去时，叙述描绘发生过的一起交通事故。,3、人称：为“I”，第一人称。,2000年高考书面表达要点,（1）2000年2月8日发生了一起交通事故（2）我走在公园路（3）一位老人从街的另一边公园里出来（4）一辆黄车开过来在公园路转弯（5）黄车撞倒了老人并向西开跑（6）我记住了车牌号是AC864，并送老人去医院,2000书面表达答案,Itwas7:15inthemorningofFebruary8,2000.1_IwaswalkingalongParkRoadtowardstheeastwhile2_anoldmancameoutoftheParkontheothersideofthe3_street.ThenIsawayellowcardroveupThirdStreetand4_makearightturnintoParkRoad.Thenextmomentthecarhitted5_themanwhilehewascrossingtheroad.Hefellwithacry.Acardidntstopanddroveoffatgreatspeedheadingwest.6_Inoticedthedriverwasayoungwomanbut7_theplatenumberwasAC864.After8_twominuteslaterIstoppedapassedcar9_andbroughttheoldmantothenearesthospital.10_Lihua,on,when,drive,hit,the,and,about,passing,took,小结,注意选词多用短句慎用长句,巧用转折词，总括词,注意使用“变通表达法”,熟练运用书写技巧,Writeacompositionwithin100wordsaccordingtotheinstructions:,Homework,书面表达,假设你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友Dick听说中国的中小学正在减轻学生的学习负担，来信询问有关情况。请你根据下表提供的信息，写一封回信，谈一谈减负给你的学习和生活带来的变化。,减轻学习负担reducelearningload,Thanksalot!,Anycommentiswelcome!,Writeaconcisepassage,usefewwordsexpressclearmeaning,Tomisfouryearsoldandheisenergetic.Onedayabikewasgiventohim.Thebikeisnewanditisalightblueincolor.Tomreceivedthebikeforhisbirthday.Hestruggledtoridehisbike.Hestruggledfortwohours.However,hewasunsuccessfulinridingthebike.,Comparethetwopassages,Four-year-oldTomisenergetic.Oneday,hegotalightbluebikeforhisbirthday.Hestruggledfortwohourstorideit,buthewasunsuccessful.,Tomisfouryearsoldandheisenergetic.Onedayabikewasgiventohim.Thebikeisnewanditisalightblueincolor.Tomreceivedthebikeforhisbirthday.Hestruggledtoridehisbike.Hestruggledfortwohours.However,hewasunsuccessfulinridingthebike.,Outstanding,Concise(best),wordy,better,Improvethewordysentence(I),1.TherearemanyPeoplehuntinganimalsforlivinginthemountain2.AgirllikesChinesefoodbetter.3.Theemployeewithangerquarreledwithhisboss.4.Inthenottoofarfuture,ourdreamswillcometrue.5.Hegaveupschoolonconditionofthereasonthatitwasnecessaryforhimtosupporthisfamily.,(angry),(prefer),(hunters),(near),(because),Summaryone:changephrasesintosinglewords,improvethewordysentence(II),1.Hisfamilyliveinavillagewhichisnearariver2.Thehouse,whichwasnewlybuiltisverylarge.3.PeoplewhoareinterestedinthejobmustsendyourresumetoourcompanybeforeFriday.4.Wewillhavethepartyinthegardenwhichisonthetopofthemainbuilding.5.Whileheiswaitingforthebus,healwaysrecitestexts.,(Thenewly-builthouseisverylarge),(PeopleinterestedinthejobmustsendyourresumetoourcompanybeforeFriday.),(Wewillhavethepartyinthegardenonthetopofthemainbuilding.),(WhilewaitingforthebusorWaitingfor),(Hisfamilyliveinavillagenearariver),Summarytwo:Changeunnecessaryclausesintophrases,improvethewordypart(III),1.AletterwassentbyMrs.Smith.2.Yourluggagewillbecheckedbyacustomofficialandthenapasscardwillbegiventoyou.3.Thegiftsshouldbewrappedupandwrittenafewwordsofbestwishesonbyyou.,(Mrs.Smithsentaletter),(Acustomofficialwillcheckyourluggageandgiveyouapasscard),(Youshouldwrapupthegiftsandwriteafewwordsofbestwishesonthem.),SummaryThree:Changeuselesspassiveintoactive,changephrasesintosinglewordsChangeunnecessaryclausesintophrasesChangeuselesspassiveintoactive,Summaries:,Improvethefollowingsentence(1),1.AlthoughChineseisregularlyusedbystudents,acloseandcomp