人教版高二英语选修六Unit 1 Art grammar PPT 课件.ppt

人教课标高二选修6Unit1,英语教学课件,虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood(I),GRAMMER语法,陈述语气Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.Jackhadntcomebackhomeyet.祈使语气Letsgo.Donttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.,一.语气的分类,英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。,虚拟语气IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.Ourteachersuggestedthatwegotothelibrarythisafternoon.,条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。,a.真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。,(TheSubjunctiveMood)表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设,愿望,怀疑或推测。虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于名词性从句等。,二.if虚拟条件句的概念,由if引导的虚拟条件句叫作if虚拟条件句IcouldeasilyrecognizeifIhadseenhimbefore.其他虚拟条件句Withoutyourhelp,Icouldnthavefinishedmyworkontime.,三.ifSentenceStructureif虚拟条件句的结构,a.表示与现在事实相反的假设b.表示与过去事实相反的假设c.表示与将来事实相反的假设,1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be动词的过去式用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。,虚拟语气,IfIwereaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.,Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery?IfIwonthelottery,Iwould,IfIwonthelottery,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.,IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla.,IfIhadalotofmoneynow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.,Ifitwerefinenow,Iwouldgoshopping.,a.Ifthey_(be)here,they_(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_(burst)outagain,what_(happen)toourpeopleonearth?,were,wouldtake,burst,wouldhappen,PRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.,c.Ifthepoliceman_(benot)inthatroom,it_(be)verydangerous.d.IfI_(be)inyourposition,I_(ask)forteachershelp.,werenot,couldbe,were,wouldask,Chooseoneofthetopicsanddiscussitingroups.,1.Youhadadreamthatyouwereateacher.Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereateacher?2.Supposeyouwonalotofmoney.Whatwouldyoudowiththemoney?,IfI_ateacher,I.,were,2.与过去的事实相反,从句的谓语用had过去分词,构成IfI(we,you,he,they)had过去分词的形式；主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/mighthave动词过去分词。,Ifhe_morecarefully,he_thecaraccidentyesterday.,haddriven,wouldnothavehad,IfI_howtoswim,I_trappedinthisisland.,hadlearnt,wouldnothavebeen,a.IfTom_(be)morecarefulintheexam,he_(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_(get)upearlier,you_(catch)thefirsttrain.,hadbeen,wouldhavepassed,hadgot,wouldhavecaught,PRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks.,c.IfI_(meet)youyesterday,we_(go)totheconcerttogether.,hadmet,wouldhavegone,Solveproblems,ThestudentsfailedtheEnglishexam.Couldyougivehimsomesuggestions?OneofyourfriendgotHN1lastyear.Hesufferedalot.Whatcouldyoudohelphim?,3.与将来事实相反,从句的谓语用IfI(we,you,he,they)动词过去式或weretodo或shoulddo形式,主句谓语用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/might动词原形。,Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.,Ifhegotupearly,hewouldbeontime.,假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？,Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.,假如他看见我,就会认识我。,Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme.,a.Ifthere_(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we_(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What_(happen)ifyou_(getup)toolatetomorrow?,shouldbe,shouldmake,wouldhappen,shouldgetup,PRACTICE3:Fillintheblanks,c.IfRobots_(control)theworldsomeday,here_(be)nofriendship.,weretocontrol,wouldbe,主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.,Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful,themallwouldnotbeonfirenow.,过去时(were),would/could/should/might+v.(原),虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。,过去完成时,would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.过去时2.should+v.3.weretodo,would/could/should/might+v.(原),二.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法,1.在动词wish后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句通常省略连词that。,1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式(be动词一般用were)。,IwishIwereastallasyou.,IwishIwereabird.,Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.,Iwish/wishedIhadnteatensomuchwatermelon.,(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had过去分词”。,Thepartywasterrible,IwishIhadnevergonetoit.,(3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为“would动词原形”。,注意:主句的主语与从句的主要不能相同,因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。但愿你立刻来。Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.,Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.,2.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,常见动词：一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即:1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。,e.g.我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,WesuggestedthatTom(should)havearest.,HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.,Thekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.,Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.,以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。即：(should)V.order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,Itssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.,insist/suggest不接虚拟的用法,1.Sheinsistedthatshewasright.她坚持认为自己是对的。（坚持事实）2.Hisuncleinsiststhatheshouldnotstayinthehotel.他的叔叔坚持要求他不要待在旅馆里。,2.Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewasunhappy.Isuggestedthattheteacherswages(should)beincreased.,3.Its(about/high)time+(that),should+V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该去睡觉了。,Itstimethatyouwent.Itstimethatyoushouldgo.,Itstimethatwewenttobed.Itstimethatweshouldgotobed.,(Should不可省略),asif/asthough,由asif(asthough)或eventhough(eventhough)引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时,从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或“had过去分词”。,Hebehavesasifheownedthehouse.,(Buthedoesntownitorprobablydoesntownitorwedontknowwhetherheownsitornot.),ShetalksaboutRomeasthoughshehadbeenthereherself.,他那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似的。,HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.,注意:如果表示的事情可能会发生,那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。,Evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem.,4.wouldrather(that),现在：过去：将来：,Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.,Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.,Dontcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,关于虚拟语气辩析1,关于虚拟语气辩析2,关于虚拟语气辩析3,关于虚拟语气辩析4,关于虚拟语气辩析5,从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?No,butIwishI_.A.haveB.willC.doD.had2.Iftherewerenowaterintheworld,everything_.A.willdieB.woulddieC.wouldhavediedD.havedied,3.IwishthatI_withyoulastnight.A.couldhavegoneB.couldgoC.havegoneD.went,4.IfI_you,I_moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.was;shallpayB.am;willpayC.wouldbe;wouldpayD.were;wouldpay,5.Iwishthatyou_suchabadheadachebecauseImsurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.wouldnthaveB.didnthaveC.hadnthadD.haventhad,6.Whenastickispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasthoughit_.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken7.“Areyougoingtotheballtonight?”“Itstoolatenow.HowIwish_aboutitearlier!”A.IllknowB.IveknownC.IknowD.Idknown,8.Theguardofthemeetinginsistedthateverybody_therules.A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey9.“Jacksbeenillforsomeweeks.”“Iknow.Iwish_seeadoctor.”A.heshouldB.hecanC.hellD.hecould,10.“Youshouldhavegonetothecinemawithusyesterday.Thefilmwasverygood.”“IwishI_yesterdayoff.Idhavegonewithyou.”A.havehadB.hadC.haveD.hadhad11.Itistimethatwe_thispractice.A.stopB.stoppedC.willstopD.havestopped,12.IwishI_ashealthyasmycousin.A.wereB.amC.wasD.willbe13.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey_friendsforyears.A.havebeenB.areC.wereD.hadbeen,句型练习(用I