帐≈俺朴⒂镂郎跃?.doc

2016江苏职称英语 卫生 类考 试 真 题 试 卷【一】说明：本试卷共七大题，申报高级职称者全做，满分为120分；申报中级职称者做第一、二、三、四、五、七大题，满分为100分。第六大题申报中级职称者不做，做了也不判分【注：高级单独列出】一、词汇与语法选择（20小题，每小题0.5分。共10分， 建议完成时间10分钟）1._the difficulties we have come across, well go on with the program。尽管我们遇到困难，但是我们将继续进行这个方案。A. Given 给予 B. In spite of尽管 C. Thanks to 由于 D. Because of因为2. You will see only the _ of the trees in the dim light. 在昏暗的灯光下,你只会看到树的形状。 A. shadow影子 B. shade阴影 C. shape 形状 D. shallow浅层3. No agreement was reached _how the construction plan should be carried out.关于应如何开展建设规划，没有达成任何协议。 A. as about大约 B. as that 那个 C. as it is其实 D. as to关于4. The fact _ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will never occur. 事实上,大多数人认为核战争疯狂但并不意味着它永远不会发生。 A. what B. which C. that 那个 D. Why5. We have to try every means to _ the costs of the production. 我们要千方百计降低生产成本。 A. bring off完成 B. bring forth产生 C. bring down降低 D. bring back带来6. Only a few people have _ to the full facts of the accident只有少数几个人能接触到事故的全部事实 A. access进入 B. resort . C. contact D. Path7. The energy_ by the chain reaction is transformed into heat.链式反应所释放的能量转化为热量。 A. transferred B. released释放 C. delivered D. Conveyed8. You see the lightning _it happens, but you hear the thunder later你看到闪电是瞬间发生的,但是你后听到雷声 A. the instant瞬间 B. for an instant C. on the instant D. in an instant 9. The aircraft had reached its _ of about 39,000 feet. 这架飞机已达到约39,000英尺的高空。 A. attitude看法 B. aptitude能力 C. altitude 高度 D. latitude维度10. The_ breakdowns of the computer has caused serious delays in our project. 持续的计算机故障已严重的延迟我们的项目。A. continuous连续不断的 B. continual持续不断的 C. continued 继续 D. continuing继续的11. Life depends on the_ between the heat received from the sun and the heat lost to cooler surroundings. 寿命取决于收到来自太阳的热量和凉爽的环境损失的热量之间的平衡。 A. relationship关系 B. contrast 对比 C. exchange 交换 D. balance平衡12. The construction workers _ the road for three more kilometers. 建筑工人把道路延长了三公里。A. expanded扩展 B. expended花费 C. extended延长 . D. enlarged扩大13. The toy train wont start because the battery has _因为电池已经耗尽，玩具火车将停止运转。A. run up 向上跑 B. run over 复查 C. run down停止运转 D. run off跑掉14. Since he was convinced of the accuracy of the data, he _ his opinion15. 他坚持他的意见，因为他相信数据的准确性。 A. struck at 攻击 B. strove for争取 C. stuck to坚持 D. stood for代替 15. Grain .production in the world is_, but still millions of people go hungry. 粮食在世界产量猛增，但仍有成千上万的人们挨饿。 A. staggering巨大的 B, shrinking 萎缩 C. soaring猛增的 D. suspending暂停16. Wherever there is matter, there is energy; all changes of matter_ changes in the form of the energy. 哪里有物质,哪里就有能源;要做的事情是改变能量的形式。A. retain 保留 B. involve牵涉C. include包含 D. contain含有17. The water-proof coating will _quickly or after many years, depending on use and care. 根据使用和护理程度，决定多年后防水涂料将磨损速度。 . .A. be worn磨损的 B. wear away磨损 C. be worn away磨损掉 D. wear broken打碎18. Science is a cooperative activity, and everyone can _ something_ it, if he wishes to do so科学是一个合作的活动，如果他愿意去做,每个人都可以有所贡献。 A. convert .into 改变 B. contribute. to贡献D. attribute. . to 归属 C. confine. to 限制 19. The automatic doors in supermarkets _the entry and exit of customers with shopping carts. 超市的自动门，方便客户的购物车的进入和退出。 A. promote促进 B. increase提高 C improve 改善 D. facilitate使便利20. While nuclear weapons present_dangers, the predominant crisis of overpopulation is with us today虽然核武器存在潜在的危险, 今天和我们在一起主要的危机是人口过剩。A. inevitable必然的 B. constant不变的 C. overwhelming势不可挡的 D. potential潜在的二 、改错【在A/B/C/D四个选项中，选出一个含有语言错误的选项】（10小题，每小题1分，共10分，建议完成时间10分钟）1. Generous (pubiic funding) of basic for the countrys health, wealth A science would (settle down) (considerate) benefits and (security). B C D答案B 本题解析：settle down 定居应该用：lead to 导致，引出，引起（前面是原因，后面是结果）翻译：基础科学慷慨的公开资助将导致可观的好处为国家的健康、财富和安全2. The mechanic has a habit of making notes in the back of his A B Diary with things to be mended or replaced. C D 答案C 本题解析：make ofv.用.制造, 了解, 对待, 解释 形成,构成翻译：技工有一个习惯在日记背面做笔记了解被修理或替换的东西3. The boss spoke highly of such features as loyalty, courage A B C and truthfulness shown by his employees. D 答案B本题解析：features产品特点，特征；容貌；嘴脸（feature的复数） 应该用 characteristic 品质中文：老板高度赞扬了他的员工展现出来的像诚实、勇敢、忠诚这样的品质4. Ail the staff have been told that under no circumstances A Bthey could use the telephone in the office for personal affairs. C D答案C 本题解析：may they use that后面是一个宾语从句。1)该宾语从句以否定意义的短语under no circumstances开头，则该句子必须使用部分倒装结构。2）所为部分倒装，类似于变一般疑问句，需要把该句的be动词/助动词/情态动词提前，可以排除BC；3）根据句子时态，可以排除D（主句并非是一般过去时）。即宾语从句的正常句序为：We may use the telephone in the office for personal affairs under no circumstances.翻译：所有员工已经被告知说，在任何情况下，我们都不可以把办公室内的电话用于私人事务 5. After the lecture, the professor was made answer innumerable A Bquestions on the relevant theorem。 C D答案 A make answer 做出回答 （应去掉was 表被动）本题解析：讲座结束后，教授回答了无数个关于定力的问题6. Although I had looked through all the reference material， A B I still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation C only turned to my confusion. D 答案 D 本题解析：turned adj. 被转动的；变质的；车削的v. 使变成（turn的过去式）；转动 应该用add to 是增加的意思尽管他查阅了所有相关资料， 但他还是很难理解， 而她的解释只增加了他的疑惑。7. Because of the large emphasis placed on classroom work, A B the instructor will report your absence to the adviser.C D答案 A 本题解析：应该用strong 是重点的强调 large显然不符合本题主要考查名词和作其修饰语的形容词的搭配。我们通常用strong修饰emphasis表示重视程度，而不说large/hard/high emphasis 翻译：由于学校对课堂表现极为重视，任课老师将把你们的缺席情况汇报给指导教师。 8、It was essential that the application forms must be sent hackABC before the deadline. D答案 C本题解析：It was essential that +虚拟语气（should do）完整表达是should be sent，其中should可以省略，翻译：申请书肯定是在截至之间被退回来的。强调一个事实，表示肯定。只用一般过去时。9. The speaker, having known for her splendid speeches wasAB warmly received by the audience.C D答案 A本题解析：这里的known for 是指“因.而出名”,是固定搭配. known是过去分词表示被动翻译：这个演讲者受到了观众的热烈欢迎，她因为演讲精彩而被人熟知10. By the end of this month we surely have found a satisfactoryABC solution to the problem. D 答案 B本题解析：by the end of 引导的句子，谓语动词常用完成时。will have found 将来完成时翻译：到月底，我们肯定能找到满意的问题解决方法。三、回答问题（10小题，每小题2分，共20分）阅读下面短文并完成后面的题目。在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能够回答所提问题的最佳答案。Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences .There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence of child maltreatment .Data for many countries, especially low and middle income, countries , are lacking. 虐待儿童是一个全球性问题,它导致严重的终生的后果。全球对虐待儿童普遍程度没有可靠的估计。很多国家,特别是低收入和中等收入国家对数据也缺乏。 Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study. Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of research used. Nonetheless, international studies reveal that approximately 20% of women and 5%-10% of men report being sexually abused when they were children, while 25%-50% of all children report being physically abused. Additionally, many children are subject to emotional abuse【sometimes referred to as psychological abuse.】虐待儿童是一个复杂和困难的研究课题。目前的估计差别很大取决于国家和方法研究。尽管如此,国际研究显示, 大约20%的女性和5% -10%的男性被性虐待，他们还是孩子的时候,而25% - 50%的儿童自述受到身体虐待。此外,许多儿童正遭受情感虐待【有时被称为心理虐待。】 Every year, there are an estimated 31,000 homicide deaths in children under 15.This number underestimates the true extent of the problem, as a significant proportion of deaths due to child maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to falls , burns and drowning.每年，大约有3100015岁以下儿童凶杀死亡。这个数字低估了真正的问题的严重程度，很大比例的儿童虐待造成的死亡被错误地归咎于跌落,烧伤和溺水。Child maltreatment causes suffering to children and families and can have long-term consequences. Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early brain development . Extreme stress can impair the development of the nervous and immune systems. Consequently as adults, maltreated children are at increased risk for behavioural ,physical and mental health problems .Via the behavioral and mental health consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease, cancer, suicide and sexually transmitted infections. 虐待儿童给儿童及家庭造成痛苦,并可能产生长期的后果。虐待会导致精神紧张,这与早期大脑发育受到损害有关。极端的压力会损害发展神经和免疫系统。因此作为成年人, 虐待儿童有更高的风险行为、生理和心理健康问题。通过行为和心理健康后果,虐待会导致心脏疾病,癌症,自杀和性传播感染。 Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment, there is an economic impact, including costs of hospitalization, mental health treatment, child, welfare And longer-term health costs. 儿童虐待健康的后果，还有经济影响，包括住院治疗，心理健康治疗费用，儿童，福利和健康的长期成本。 A number of risk factors for maltreatment have been identified. These risk factors are not present in all social and cultural contexts, but provide an overview when attempting to understand the causes of child maltreatment. 很多虐待的危险因素已经被确认。这些风险因素还未出现在所有的社会和文化背景,但提供一个概述,当试图了解虐待儿童问题产生的原因。 It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never to blame for maltreatment. A number of characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood of being maltreated, such as being either under four years old or an adolescent, being unwanted, or failing to fulfill the expectations of parents and having special needs, crying persistently or having abnormal physical features. 需要强调的是，孩子是受害者并没有责怪虐待。一些个人特征的儿童可能会增加的被虐待可能性，如是四岁以下或青少年，是不必要的，或没有履行父母的期望和有特殊需要，坚持哭声或有异常的外表特征。 1. According to the passage, the difficult situation in the global estimates of the child maltreatment is due to the following factors EXCEPT_, 根据短文,在全球的情况下估计虐待儿童困难的，是由于下列因素，除了_ A. child maltreatment is global problem. 虐待儿童是一个全球性的问题。 B. there is no exact data about low-and mid-income countries并没有确切的数据对低收入和中等收入国家 C. there is a shortage of the professional data collectors 缺乏专业数据收集 D: different scientists use different research methods 不同的科学家使用不同的研究方法 2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? 根据课文下列哪个陈述是真实的呢? , A20% of women got sexually abused in their childhood. 20%的女性在童年了受到性虐待。 B. 25%-50% of all children were reported to have been physically abused报道25% - -50%的儿童是在身体受虐待C .25%-50% of children were psychologically abused, 25% - -50%的儿童心理虐待,D60%-75% of children were neglected by their parents. 60% - -75%的儿童被他们的父母所忽视 3. According to the passage, many homicide deaths in children under 15 are. Wrongly categorized into the following types EXCEPT _根据短文,许多15岁以下儿童被杀害是错误地分为以下类型，除了_ A. Drowning in swimming溺水 B. diarrhea腹泻 C. burns 烧伤 D .falls跌落4: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the bad impact caused by child？下列哪个没有提到当坏孩子带来的影响 A: The child will behave badly m his memory of childhood when he grows up. 当他长大，孩子的表现是他的童年记忆。 B. Child maltreatment hurts his nervous arid immune systems. 虐待儿童伤害他的神经脆弱的免疫系统。 C. Child maltreatment damages his early brain development. 儿童虐待损害他的早期大脑发育。D. The child is easily affected by many diseases in his adulthood. . 他成年后孩子是容易患许多疾病5. According to the passage, the maltreated children often bear all the following Characteristics EXCEPT_ 根据短文, 所有以下特征儿童经常承受虐待，除了_A. they frequently and easily cry 他们经常和容易哭泣 .B. they are infants or in adolescent period , 他们是婴儿的或在青少年时期, C. they are often neglected by their parents or friends他们往往会被他们的父母或者朋友忽视, D. they often try their best to meet the requirements of their parents他们经常尽他们最大的努力来满足要求他们的父母 第二篇 Most elderly people with so-called Type II diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week; according tonew medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday. 根据星期一发表在哥本哈根报纸贝林时报新的医学研究结果。大多数二型糖尿病老年人如果他们每周三次轻快的运动30分钟可以停止服用胰岛素。， Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalets Center for Muscle Research showed that. physical exercise can boost. the bodys ability to utilize insulin by 30 percent, the newspaper reported. This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said. 报纸报道在哥本哈根中心医院的中心化验了糖尿病患者肌肉的结果研究表明。体育锻炼能提高身体,利用胰岛素30%的能力。它说这等于最年迈的糖尿病患者摄入一天胰岛素用药效应。 Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with Type II，all more than 60 years of age, exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months. After the three months, the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects muscles could utilize as a measure for how well their insulin worked. 研究人员研究一群非糖尿病人和一群II型糖尿病人。所有超过60岁,一周自行车运动6次,为期三个月。医生测量多少糖测试科目的肌肉能够利用，作为衡量胰岛素以及他们如何工作。 Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilization as the healthy non-exercising persons. . 副教授海明博士的菲律宾人 肌肉研究中心表示,测试显示每天锻炼糖尿病患者胰岛素利用率和健康的人一样高。 This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups .Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes, but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps, completely avoid insulin treatment, Dela was quoted as“这意味着两组同样适用胰岛素。体育锻炼并不能治愈糖尿病的人,但是它可以消除他们几乎所有的症状。,他们可以推迟服用胰岛素,或者完全避免胰岛素治疗,”菲律宾人质被引述 Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, controlling sugar in the bodyand used against diabetes.胰岛素是由胰腺分泌产生的一种激素,控制体内血糖水平并用来对付糖尿病。 Dela said that to achieve the desired effect, diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat, but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise. 德说，达到预期的效果，患者只需要锻炼到出汗的地步。但要一直保持锻炼，因为它五天内没有足够的锻炼就会消退。Most diabetics realize that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,. Dela added. “大多数糖尿病患者意识到他们必须注意他们的饮食,而没有意识到运动的重要性,”。德补充道。 . l. How could most elderly Type II diabetics stop taking insulin?大多数老年人如何停止服用第二型糖尿病的胰岛素? A. By taking more salt than usual.通过吸收比平时更多的盐。 .B.By taking less salt than usual. 通过采取比平时更少的盐 C. By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week.通过每周至少有三次做半小时轻快的锻炼。 D. By going climbing, swimming or boxing every day. 每一天要攀登,游泳或拳击比赛。 .2. Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilize insulin by _ 体育锻炼会增加人体利用胰岛素的能力达到 A. 70 percent 70% B. 30 percent 30% C. 60 percent . 60% D. only a few percent只有一小部分3. The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospitalincluded _在哥本哈根中心医院进行的测试研究受试者包括A. elderly non-diabetic men老年糖尿病人B. elderly Type II diabetic men老年II型糖尿病人C. both sexes of all ages所有年龄段的男女D. both A and B A和B 都是 . :4. To what a degree do diabetics need exercise in order to achieve the desiredeffect?做糖尿病患者需要锻炼到什么程度以达到所需的效果呢? A. To the degree where they begin to sweat.开始流汗程度。 B. To the degree where they feel exhausted. ,他们感到筋疲力尽程度 .C. To the point when they feel thirsty. 得直到他们觉得口渴D. To the point when they have to take insulin. 他们必须来点胰岛素 5. According to Dela, among most diabetics, the importance of exercise is_ the importance of watching their diet.根据德研究,其中大多数糖尿病患者的是不了解的运动重要性只注意饮食的重要。 A. as poorly understood as 很糟糕的理解 B. as well understood as .为了解。 C. less understood than 不了解 比 D. better understood than更好的理解比四、短文填补（4小题，每题5分，共20分） 阅读下面短文 ,根据短文内容 ,从所给中选出所给句子最适合补入的一处. 1.With each hour, the suns ultraviolet (UV) radiation produces irreversible damage, hastening the development of unsightly wrinkles In the summer; millions of Americans will offer up their bodies to the sun rays. A tan indicates health and beauty, and most sun worshippers will sacrifice a lot to achieve it, including themselves. (A) And with each year on the beach or rooftop, the sunbather increases his risk of getting skin cancer. (B) Skin cancer is by far the most common form of cancer .(C) Fortunately, most of these cancers are highly curable. (D) Sunburn, of course, is the initial hazard posed by UV radiation. Dermatologists recommend avoiding the sun when it is most intense between 11 a. m. and 3 p.m. 在夏季,数百万美国人日光浴。为了健康和美容，大多数晒太阳者为实现它将牺牲很多，包括他们自己。【A/每一个小时，太阳的紫外线（紫外线）辐射产生不可逆转的损害，加速生长难看的皱纹】并且每年在海滩或屋顶日光浴者会增加患皮肤癌。皮肤癌是目前最常见的癌症形式。幸运的是，大多数这些癌症是可以高度治愈的。晒伤，当然，是最初的紫外辐射造成的。皮肤科医生建议避免太阳时，它是最强烈的时间是早上11点到晚上3点2.Tonsillitis,however, usually starts with a sore throat which causes pain on swallowing Most sore throats are caused by the infection which treatment with antibiotics cannot cure. (A) But with simple remedies the patient normally gets better in 4 0r 5 days. (B) With a sore throat, sometimes the tonsils or surrounding parts of the throat are inflamed. (C) With children and some adults, there may be a fever and the patient is obviously not feeling well. (D) It may be possible to see white spots on the back of the throat. 大多数喉咙痛所造成的感染，抗生素治疗不能治愈。但简单的补救办法病人通常在4或5天变的更好。喉咙痛，有时扁桃体和周围地区的咽喉发炎。【C/无论怎样扁桃体炎，通常开始于喉咙痛，吞咽疼痛。】儿童和成人，病人可能有发烧和明显的不舒服。在喉咙后面可能会看到白色斑点。3、But to be skillful requires greater time. .The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture to perform operations for about 4,000 years without putting the patient to sleep. (A) Acupuncture is a technique of inserting and manipulating fine filiform needles(豪针) into specific point