湖南省萍乡市高考英语 阅读理解、完形填空训练（5）.doc

湖南省萍乡市2014高考英语阅读理解、完形填空训练（5）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。awhen i was 17, i read a quote that went something like: “if you live each day as if it were your last, someday youll most certainly be right” it made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33years, i have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself, “if today were the last day of my life, would i want to do what i am about to do today?”remembering that ill be dead soon is the most important tool ive ever encountered（遇到）to help me make the big choice in lifeabout a year ago i was diagnosed with cancerthe doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that was incurable, and that i would live no longer than three to six monthsmy doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is my doctors code for preparing yourself to diei lived with that diagnosis all dayi was completely in despairlater that evening, i had another biopsy（活组织检查）and my wife told me that tumor turned to be curable with surgeryi had the surgery and im fine nowthis was the closest ive been to facing deathto tell the truth, no one wants to dieand yet death is the destination we all shareno one has ever escaped itit clears out the old to make room for the newright now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared awayyour time is so limited that you shouldnt waste it repeating someone elses lifedont be trapped by dogma（教条） which is living with the results of other peoples thinkingdont let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voiceand most importantly, have the courage to follow your heartit somehow already knows what you truly want to becomeeverything else is secondary1. the doctor advised the author to go home and get his affairs in order because_ ahe had to rest at homebhis disease was not serious at all chis disease couldnt be cured dhe had to wait for the result of the test2how did the author feel after the diagnosis? aangry bexcited coptimistic dhopeless 3what does the author think of death?ahe thinks it is nothing to be scared of bhe thinks it is not the end of lifeche thinks it is impossible to avoid dhe thinks it is the beginning of a new life4in the authors opinion, we should _ afollow others advice btake no notice of diseases ctake exercise and keep healthy dhave the courage to follow our heart参考答案 a) cdcd *结束 (第*篇)have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall? what do you think caused this change in colour? it is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields.components of soilsoil is made up of a number of layers (层) , each having its own distinctive colour and texture. the upper layer is known as the litter. it acts like a blanket，limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss. the topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus (腐殖质), which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour. this layer is usually rich in nutrients, oxygen, and water. below the topsoil is the subsoil, a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter. this layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus. beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock.soil forms from the bottom up. over time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind, frost, and snow. it is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering. plants begin to grow，and rotten materials enrich the topsoil. most of the soil in eastern canada ，for example ，was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared 12,000 years ago.water beneath the soilsurface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes ，ponds, and rivers. once in the soil or rock, it is called groundwater. gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透). eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table. under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate.as water percolates downward, it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers.this causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.soil phsoil can be acidic, neutral, or basic. the ph of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock from which it was formed，and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it.the acidity of rain and snow can lower the ph of the groundwater that enters the soil. by burning fossil fuels such as coal ，oil and gasoline，humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils. when fossil fuels are burned，gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain. acid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels. as nutrients are removed，soil is less fertile. plants grow more slowly in acidic soil，and also become easily attacked by diseases.语篇解读本文是一篇科普文，介绍了土壤的构成与土壤的ph对于植物生长的影响。5the layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called_.a. litterb. topsoilc. humus d. subsoil解析考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“the topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant.which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour.this layer is usually rich in nutrients”可知给植物提供必要营养的土层是topsoil layer。答案b6according to the text, which of the following is not true?a. soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface.b. the deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than the surface soil.c. air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil.d. groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth.解析考查细节判断。根据文章第二段中的“below the topsoil is the subsoil，a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter.this layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus”可知，并不是土层深，它的颜色就深。答案b7we can infer from the passage that the water table lies_.a. between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layerb. in the subsoil layer above bedrockc. between the subsoil layer and bedrockd. in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil解析考查细节理解。根据文章第四段中的“eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table.under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate”可知water table是位于bedrock之上的一个土层，它是独立存在的不属于其他层，因此选项c正确。答案c8the underlined word “dissolve” is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are_.a. rushed away into the riverb. cleaned and purified by waterc. destroyed and carried away by waterd. mixed with water and become part of it解析考查词义猜测。根据本句中的“.and carries them to deeper layers”可知营养物质是在被水溶解之后才被带到更深的土层中去的。答案d。*结束 tell a story and tell it well, and you may open wide the eyes of a child, open up lines of communication in a business, or even open peoples mind to another culture or race.people in many places are digging up the old folk stories and the messages in them. for example, most american storytellers get their tales from a wide variety of sources, cultures, and times. they regard storytelling not only as a useful tool in child education, but also as a meaningful activity that helps adults understand themselves as well as those whose culture may be very different from their own.“ most local stories are based on a larger theme,” american storyteller opalanga pugh says, “ cinderella(灰姑娘), or the central idea of a good child protected by her goodness, appears in various forms in almost every culture of the world.”working with students in schools, pugh helps them understand their own cultures and the general messages of the stories. she works with prisoner too, helping them knowing who they are by telling stories that her listeners can write, direct, and act in their own lives. if they dont like the story they are living, they can rewrite the story. pugh also works to help open up lines of communication between managers and workers. “for every advance in business,” she says, “ there is a greater need for communication.” storytelling can have a great effect on either side of the manager-worker relationship, she says.pugh spent several years in nigeria, where she learned how closely storytelling was linked to the everyday life of the people there. the benefits of storytelling are found everywhere, she says.“i learned how people used stories to spread their culture,” she says, “ what i do is to focus on the value of the stories that people can translate into their own daily world of affairs. we are all storytellers. we all have a story to tell. we tell everybodys story.”52. what do we learn about american storyteller from paragraph 2? a. they share the same way of storytelling. b. they prefer to tell the stories from other cultures. c. they learn their stories from the american natives. d. they find storytelling useful for both children and adults.53. the underlined sentence (paragraph 4) suggests that prisoners can _. a. start a new life b. settle down in another place c. direct films d. become good actors54. pugh has practised storytelling with _ groups of people. a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 555. what is the main idea of the text? a. storytelling can influence the way people think. b. storytelling is vital to the growth of business. c. storytelling is the best way to educate children in school. d. storytelling helps people understand themselves and others.5. 答案 52.d 53.a 54.b 55.d*结束 (第*篇) july 21st,2007 was a typical english summers day it rained for 24 hours! as usual, i rushed home from work at midday to check on the house. nothing was amiss. by the time i left work at 5 pm, however，the road into our village was flooded. our house had never been flooded but, as i opened the front door, a wave of water greeted me. thank god the kids werent with me, because the house was 5 feet deep in water. we lost everything downstairs. and the plaster had to be torn off the walls, ceilings pulled down.at first we tried to push on through. we didnt want to move the children out of home, so we camped upstairs. we put a sheet of plastic across the floor to protect us from the damp. but after three months, we felt very sick, so we moved to a wooden house in a park. the house was small, but at first we were all just delighted to be in a new place. unfortunately, things took longer than expected and we were there for 10 months. the life there was inconvenient. what surprised me most was how much i missed being part of a community (社区). we had lived in a friendly village with good neighbours，and id never thought how much id miss that.although our situation was very bad, its difficult to feel too sorry for yourself when you look at whats happening elsewhere. i watched a news report about floods in northern india and thought，“we didnt have a straw hut(茅草房) that was swept away, and our house is still standing. were lucky.”we moved back home in august. with december coming，theres still reconstruction work to be done, so its difficult to prepare for christmas. but i cant waitim going to throw a party for our friends in the village to say thanks for their support. this year, i wont need any gifts living away from home for months has made me realize how little we actually need or miss all our possessions. although we are replacing things, theres really no rushwe have our home back, and thats the main thing.语篇解读洪水给生活带来了困难，但在灾害面前，也能获得更多对人生的认识。5what does the underlined word “amiss” in the first paragraph mean?a. wrong.b. missing.c. right. d. found.解析猜测词义题。从第一段中“as usual，i rushed home from work.”可知作者还是像往常那样赶回家，因此没有什么不正常的，故选择a。答案a6it can be inferred from the text that the author_.a. was sick of staying upstairsb. cared much about her childrenc. could not stand living in a wooden housed. did not deal well with her family affairs during the flood解析推理判断题。从第一段第五句thank god the kids werent with me，.可以看出作者最关心(在意)孩子。答案b7why does the author say that they were lucky in the third paragraph?a. because her situation was not serious.b. because many other places were flooded.c. because she had been to northern india.d. because some others suffered even more.解析事实细节题。当作者看到印度北部遭受的洪水灾难比自己的更惨痛的报道时，深感自己应该庆幸。答案d8what does the author mainly want to express by telling her story?a. she valued human feelings more than before.b. she realized she almost didnt need possessions.c. she found christmas gifts no longer badly needed.d. she thought her own home was the most important.解析主旨大意题。从最后一段对即将来临的圣诞节的准备“.theres really no rushwe have our home back，and thats the main thing.”可知作者通过这次洪水认识到了她比以前更加珍惜人们之间的情感，故选择a。 *结束 edward wilson is americas，if not the worlds，leading naturalist. in the future of life，he takes us on a tour of the worlds natural resources(资源).how are they used? what has been lost? what remains and is it able to continue with the present speed of use? wilson also points out the need to understand fully the biodiversity(生物多样性) of our earth.wilson begins with an open letter to the pioneer in environment(环境) protection，henry david thorean. he compares todays walden pond with that of thoreans day. wilson will use such comparisons for the rest of the book. the problem is clear: man has done great da