湖南省浏阳市高考英语阅读理解和书面表达一轮选练（12）.doc

湖南省浏阳市2016高考英语阅读理解和书面表达一轮选练（12）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。you know how wonderful you are，and you know that others know how wonderful you are，but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy？for most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.when this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do，but the good news is that there is.dont let jealousy spoil your relationships.tackle it head on and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think. it can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is，but if you want to save your friendship youll have to do just that.dont approach them and ask why they are jealous of you (unless of course you want to appear totally conceited)，just take some time alone with them and let them know that youve been feeling like theres been something coming between you.if they refuse to respond，then use the opportunity to explain how you have been feeling.chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.when you figure out what is annoying your friend，ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better.if，for example，(s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesnt get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from the swim team then maybe you could invite her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you.remember，though，that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise.dont limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy.try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.even the best of friendships can be tinged by jealousy.this destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies.before taking extreme action，chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise.if you cant，be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you wont.【语篇解读】 本文是关于人际关系的话题。尤其是青少年朋友之间会因为嫉妒而使相互间的友谊被破坏，本文着重讲述如何处理被朋友嫉妒及处理过程中可能遇到的困难。1according to the author，the jealousy emotion is _.anormal bproductivecdestructive dextreme解析细节理解题。由第一段第二句.that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.可知。答案c2which of the following is not mentioned as a way to confront your friend when jealousy happens?awalking up to him/her and asking him/her why he/she is jealous of you.bwalking up to him/her and asking him/her what the problem is.cspending some time with him/her and letting him/her know how you feel.dspending some time with him/her and letting him/her know you think theres something coming between you.解析细节理解题。由第二段第二句dont approach them and ask why they are jealous of you可知。答案a3what can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?atheres always a solution to solve the problem of jealousy.bjealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.cyou may lose a friend to keep your own gifts，chances or selfdevelopment.dyou should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution解析推理判断题。答案c4the purpose of the passage is _.ato explain what causes jealousybto offer some advice on making friendscto introduce the way to cope with a jealous frienddto explain how destructive the jealous emotion is解析作者意图题。通读全文可知，本文的写作目的是介绍处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法。答案c.阅读理解。honesty，my mum always used to tell me，is the best policy.of course，this didnt include her when she told me that if i didnt eat all my vegetables father christmas would find out and wouldnt give me any presents.but when it comes to medicine，i had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients.after all，the doctorpatient relationship is based on trust，and therefore honesty is essential. or so i thought.i had just started working in geriatrics (老年病科)mr.mcmahon was brought in when his belly was found very swollen.i took a medical history from his daughter whod accompanied him in the ambulance.shed been his main carer for years.i stood looking at him as she gave a detailed history.“has he lost any weight recently？” i asked，“well，its funny you should mention that，but yes，” she said slowly.there was silence for a few moments.“why? what are you worried about？” she asked，i hesitated.she was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair that i told her the truth.“well，we need to prove its not cancer.” i said and talked briefly about some of the tests i was going to order.half an hour later，a nurse called me: “mr.mcmahons daughter broke downshe said you told her he had cancer.” my heart sank.by the time i arrived at the ward，my consultant was already there，explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed that he had cancer.i stood silently at the end of the bed.my consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left mr.mcmahon，she turned to me.“why on earth did you do that？” she asked in disbelief.i looked at her and bit my lip.“she asked me what i was worried about and i told her.” i said，hanging_my_head.“and give her more to worry about？” replied my consultant.“you dont say the word cancer until its confirmed.even if you suspect it，think very carefully before you tell people.”as it turned out，it wasnt cancer.but i did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one theyre sometimes selective in what they hearand as a doctor its important to be mindful of this.in being truthful，id made the situation worse.原本在一位医生的心目中，诚实是第一位的；而且在工作中也是奉行诚实本分的处世原则。可是因为一次说了不够确切的实话，却让一位病人受到了打击，这件事让这位医生得出了一个结论：诚实有时候也会出错。1the purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that the author _.amisunderstood the doctorpatient relationshipbwas anxious to receive christmas giftscregarded honesty as the best policydhad an unhealthy eating habit答案：c。作者意图题。从两个段落的第一句话，字里行间“the best”“important”都透露出作者对于honesty的看法。2the authors consultant was angry with him because _.ahe told the daughter what he suspectedbhe delayed running the necessary testsche failed to confirm the patients diseasedhe forgot what the consultant had advised答案：a。细节判断题。第四段的开头已经表明因为我的一番话，以及本段落的最后一句话也可以读出正是因为我的不假思索，让病人受到了打击，故consultant对我不满与气愤，故选a。3the author hung his head (the underlined part in para.4) because he was feeling _.aguilty bhurtcdisappointed dhelpless答案：a。细节判断题。guilty意为：罪过感，羞愧，与划线部分“耷拉了脑袋”在语境上非常符合。4what lesson has the author learnt from his experience?alearning from parents is necessary.bjumping to a conclusion is dangerous.ctelling the truth may not always be the best solution.dselecting pleasant words may not be the perfect policy.答案：c。理解判断题。文章的最后一句话，正表明了作者的体会与结论：有时候，诚实不受欢迎。故选c。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity.i would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the days events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary.i did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but i gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper.after all, isnt accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?when i was thirteen years old, i went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, wellequipped with pens, a diary, and a camera.during the trip, i was busy recording every incident, name and place i came across.i felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels.on my last night there, i wandered out of my tent, diary in hand.the sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows.i automatically took out my pen.at that point, i understood that nothing i wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds i allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.all i remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations i had set down in my diary.now, i only write in my diary when i need to write down a special thought or feeling.i still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful.i take pictures, but not very oftenonly of objects i find really beautiful.im no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when i grow old.i realize that life will simply pass me by if i stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.i dont want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes.maybe i wont have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe ill forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me.i dont live to make memoriesi just live, and the memories form themselves.1before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of_.aobserving her school routinebexpressing her satisfactioncimpressing her classmatesdpreserving her history解析细节理解题。由文章第一段的最后一句话“after all, isnt accumulating memories a way of preserving the past？”可知，我认为通过看过去经历的记录是保存过去的一种方式，故选d项。答案d2what caused a change in the authors understanding of keeping a diary?aa dull night on the journey.bthe beauty of the great valley.ca striking quotation from a book.dher concerns for future generations.解析细节理解题。由第三段的第一句话“at that point, i understood that nothing i wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds i allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.”可知，山谷的美让我意识到没有什么能比得上让自己去体验美。故选b项。答案b3what does the author put in her diary now?anotes and beautiful pictures.bspecial thoughts and feelings.cdetailed accounts of daily activities.ddescriptions of unforgettable events.解析细节理解题。由第四段第一句话“now, i only write in my diary when i need to write down a special thought or feeling.”可知现在“我”只把一些特殊想法和感受写在日记里，故正确答案为b项。答案b4the author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is_.ato experience itbto live the present in the futurecto make memoriesdto give accurate representations of it解析细节理解题。由最后一段的最后一句“i dont live to make memories.i just live，and the memories form themselves”可知a项正确，c项不正确；由第四段最后一句“i realize that life will simply pass me by if i stay behind the camera，busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.”可知b项错误。由最后一段第二句话“maybe i wont have as many exact representations of people and places；maybe ill forget certain facts，but at least the experiences will always remain inside me.”可知d项错误。答案a.阅读理解。we know the famous onesthe thomas edisons and the alexander graham bellsbut what about the less famous inventors? what about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？shouldnt we know who they are?joan mclean thinks so. in fact, mclean, a professor of physics at mountain university in range, feels so strongly about this matter that shes developed a course on the topic. in addition to learning “who”invented“what”， however, mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the“why” and “how” questions. according to mclean，“when students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”her students agree. one young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of mcleans statement. “if i had not heard the story of the windshield wipers invention，”said tommy lee, a senior physics major，“i never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.”lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.so, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? well，mary anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to new york city.the day was cold and stormy, but anderson still wanted to see the sights，so she jumped aboard a streetcar. noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield，she found herself wondering why there couldnt be a builtin device for cleaning the window. still wondering about this when she returned home to birmingham, alabama, anderson started drafting out solutions. one of her ideas, a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper.today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. its hard to imagine driving without garrett amorgans traffic light. its equally impossible to picture a world without katherine jblodgetts innovation that makes glass invisible. can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?大发明家与重要的发明固然令人振奋，但生活中也离不开小发明，本篇文章鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机。9by mentioning “traffic light”and “windshield wiper”，the author indicates that countless inventions are_.a. beneficial，because their inventors are famousb. beneficial，though their inventors are less famousc. not useful, because their inventors are less famousd. not useful, though their inventors are famous答案：b。细节理解题。由文章最后一段，特别是第一句“today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations.”可知信号灯和雨刮器等这些小的发明使我们受益。第一段最后一句“shouldnt we know who they are？”意思是“难道我们不该知道他们(发明者)是谁吗？”可知发明者不怎么出名。10professor joan mcleans course aims to_.a. add colour and variety to students campus lifeb. inform students of the windshield wipers inventionc. carry out the requirements by mountain universityd. prepare students to try their own inventions答案：d。细节理解题。由第二段内容，特别是最后一句“.when students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”可知d项最佳。11tommy lees invention of the unbreakable umbrella was_.a. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer b. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper c. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstormd. not related to professor joan mcleans lectures答案：b。细节理解题。由第三段中tommy lee的话“if i had not heard the story of the windshield wipers invention.i never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.”可知他的发明是因为受到雨刮器的发明故事的启发。12which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?a. how to help students to sell their inventions to producers?b. how to design a builtin device for cleaning the window?c. shouldnt we know who invented the windshield wiper?d. shouldnt we develop invention courses in universities? 答案：c。主旨大意题。全文讲述一些重要的发明，虽不为人知，却非常有益，借以鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机。其他选项都比较片面。【2013届广东省高三上期末华附、省实、广雅、深中四校联考】基础写作 (共1小题，满分15分)你接受了校报的邀请，为其用英语写一篇人物介绍。写作内容请根据以下表格的信息，介绍一位名人。姓名管谟业笔名莫言职业作家代表作品红高粱家族酒国生死疲劳等主要奖项2012年诺贝尔文学奖诺贝尔奖评委的观点莫言的作品将虚幻现实主义与民间故事、历史与当代社会融合在一起莫言本人对获奖的看法1、获奖理由：1）作品中的文学素质打动了诺奖评委；2）作品展现了中国独特的文化和风情；3）站在了人性的角度，超越了地区和种族的局限；2、回应质疑：感谢质疑他的人，让他进一步了解了自己的优点和缺陷。 *红高粱家族red sorghum clan; *酒国the republic of wine; *生死疲劳life and death are wearing me out; *2012年诺贝尔文学奖 the 2012 nobel prize for literature; *虚幻现实主义hallucinatory realism; * 文学素质literary quality. 写作要求只能用5个句子表达全部内容评分标准句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。【参考范文】基础写作 (共1小题，满分15分)mo yan, whose real name is guan moye, is a writer with many famous novels, the best of which include red sorghum clan, the republic of wine and life and death are wearing me out and so on. mo yan has been awarded the 2012 nobel prize for literature by the nobel prize committee who think that the works by mo yan have merged hallucinatory realism with folk tales, and history with the contemporary society. in mo yans opinion, he has been granted this honor for the following reasons, the first being that the literary quality of his works has impressed the members of the nobel prize committee. besides, his works present the unique cultures and customs of china to the world, and at the same time he has written his novels from the perspective of humanism, which has gone beyond the limit of countries and races. on the other hand, in terms of the view held by some people that he does not deserve the prize, he has expressed his gratitude to them, as they remind him of his strengths and weaknesses.【2013届广东省高三上期末华附、省实、广雅、深中四校联考】读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）vivek opens up the window of his room and feels the fresh air of the morning. this is a very special day in his life. he is enjoying himself, recollecting all the efforts he has taken to see this day in his life. vivek, an engineering graduate, was rejected from selection 12 times. after every attempt he learned something new about his personality and corrected his mistake. he believed that his failure was not defeat but an important step to achieving his goal. he prepared and practiced well and got through in his 13th attempt (the number which everyone believes is unlucky). vivek has proved that there is nothing called luck but sincere effort is what takes one to success. vivek, from all his previous experience he had faced during the selection process, had taken it as a challenge to perform well during his training period. he believed in himself and completed his training in style. vivek wears white uniform and is ready for the passing out parade. he has marched all his life to perform at the indian nav