【复习内容】宾语从句考点归纳.doc

【复习内容】宾语从句考点归纳1掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词2掌握宾语从句的语序主句+连接词+主语+谓语（陈述语序）3掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。（主从一致）【重点】语序和时态呼应 【难点】语序和时态呼应【学生练习】试一试，你能将下列句子改为宾语从句吗？. She is a careful girl.The teacher said a careful girl. Will they win?I wonder . Does the plane stop on the way?Could you tell me the plane on the way or not?. What does he want?Mother asked me . He has bought the dictionary.He said that he the dictionary. What is his name?The teacher asked me . What is wrong with your computer?Mr. Wang knew with your computer. I asked, “Are you doing your homework, Meimei?” I asked Meimei doing homework. The baby asked Mother, “Why does the sun rise from the east?”The baby asked Mother why from the east. “Excuse me, how can I get to the post office?” the driver said to the policeman.The driver asked the policeman get to the post office.Key:1. she, was 2. if, they, will, win 3. whether, stops 4. what, he, wanted 5. had, bought 6. what, his, name, was 7. what, was, wrong 8. if she, was, her 9. why, the, sun, rises 10. how, he (she), could【教师指导】一,所谓宾语从句就是句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、 动名词或动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的三要点：1、引导词2、从句语序3、从句的时态二、宾语从句的连接词或引导词1连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。 eg. I am afraid（that）you are right.2连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。eg. Tom dont know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.He asked me whether or not I was coming.一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.在介词前：It depends on（依靠） whether it is going to rain.与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether 。Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 3连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。 eg.1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁）3. He asked _.（谁的书法是班上最好的）4. Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会）5. Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿）6. Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去站）7. Would you tell me _.（为什么火车迟到了）三、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Can you tell me who（m） do we have to see?（）Can you tell me who（m） we have to see?（ ）The teacher asked the students what they were doing.（思考: what在从句中的成分）陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。 eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” She said she would leave a message on the desk.四、宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制；如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。eg. I thought （that） you are free today. （）I thought （that） you would be free today. （ ）【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。eg. The teacher told us （that） the earth moves around the sun.五其他需要说明的问题1标点由主句决定，如主句是陈述句、祈使句，则用句号；是疑问句则用问号。eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you tell me which bus I should take?2、宾语从句的特殊情形?N_81在“Do you think /believe/suppose-?等”结构中，宾语从句如果是由疑问词引导的，则要用“疑问词+ do you think/believe/suppose +正常语序？” :6CJ:z 如：What has happened to him? Do you think? What do you think has happened to him? i oyKhvA 3宾语从句的否定形式 &|.N?fk 在think, believe等动词后面的宾语从句，如果从句的谓语动词表示否定意义，一般要将否定词not移到主句的谓语动词上面去，即通过否定主句的谓语动词来否定从句的（意义）谓语动词。此时变反意疑问句时仍将宾语从句视为否定，反意疑问部分用肯定形式。如： $_ QQ 1、I dont think he will come. 87o%P 2、I dont think he will come, will he? GPa 3、I think he will come, wont he? _ld3o3o 44444. 句式的转变4luLj 1、当主句的谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, agree等，其后接宾语从句，并且从句主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化成动词不定式结构。 e*V ;bqBx 如：Wei Hua hopes that she will be back soon. SuG 5 r Wei Hua hopes to be back soon. (GHJXXd 2、当know, learn, remember, forget等动词其后接宾语从句，并且从句主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。 P4?X S58t 如：I dont know what I should say. I dont know what to say. 0BS/S-vn 3、当tell,learn,show,teach等动词其后接宾语从句，并且从句主语与主句的间接宾语一致时，可以简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。 NsFFl 如：Could you tell me how I can get there?(句子中的 me 和I指的是同一个人)可以改写为：Could you tell me how to get there? 2Ka*vB+E- 【课堂同步检测】做一做,你是不是有很大提高呢?1Could you please tell me _ to do in your spare time?A.what do you like B.what you like C.how would you like2 .Could you tell me _ ? He lives in London StreetAWhere Tony lives B Where does Tony live C Where did Tony live3I wonder _for this school trip next Sunday.Can you tell me? Awhere shall we go B where we shall go C when we shall go 4What did Maria ask just now？ She wondered _ Awhere Tony lived B where Tony lives C where doesTony live 5Mr.White ,what did my mom talk with you just now? Oh,she wondered _ A. if you study hard at school B. how you study at school C. What did you study at school 6Pardon? I wonder_this morning. A. how do you come here B. how did you come here C. how you came here 7. Could you tell me _? Awhen does the train arrive Bwhen the train arrives C when arrives the train8We never know _ the old man is They say he is a teacher Awhat Bwho Cwhich9. Could you tell me _? A.when will Tom come back B.when does Tom come backC. when Tom will come back 10 Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday?A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom doC. what Tom will do 【课外巩固】练一练,你已经很棒了，再来最后一搏吧。1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting bookA. that B. how C. what D. if 2. I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us He will help us with our English A. why B. when C. how D. where 3. We never know _ the old man is. They say he is a teacher. A. what B. who C. which D. where4. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when 5. Do you know _? Im going to see him Sorry, I dont know. A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 6. Where do you think _ he _ the computer？ Sorry, I have no idea A.; bought B. has; bought