高考中对情态动词的考查.doc

高考中对情态动词的考查情态动词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一，2005年全国17套高考试题对此都有考查。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习掌握。一、情态动词表推测 1. 肯定的推测一般用must, should, may（might）或could（不用can），其中，must的语气最强，译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”；should的语气次之，译为“很可能”、“应该”，指按常理推测；may（might），could的语气最弱，译为“也许”、“可能”。 Helen _ go on the trip with us but she isnt quite sure yet. （2005年安徽卷） A. shall B. must C. may D. can Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake. It _ Harrys. He always wears green. （2005年广东卷） A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be I have lost one of my gloves. I _ it somewhere.（2005年北京春季卷） A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to ,Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. （2005年湖北卷） A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to Key: C D B B2. 否定推测分为两种情况： 1）语气不很肯定时，常用may not, might not或could not，译为“可能不”、“也许不”。 You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _ not like the design of the furniture. （2004年上海春季卷） A. must B. shall C. may D. need Key： C 2）否定语气较强时，则用cant，译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。 Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere. Well. He _ have gone farhis coats still here.（2005年湖北卷） A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. cant D. wouldnt Isnt that Anns husband over there? No, it _ be him Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. （2004年全国卷） A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not Key: C A3. 疑问句中的推测，往往用can或could。 Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？（2001年上海春季卷） A. can B. should C. may D. must Key：A4. 对已发生事情的肯定推测常用“must, may, might等+完成式”；否定推测常用“can, could, may, might等+完成式”。 I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour.（2005年重庆卷） A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have done He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by seaside. （2005年北京卷） A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant Tom is never late for work. Why is be absent today? Something _ to him. （2005年江西卷） A. must happen B. should have happened C. could have happened D. must have happened My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he_your lecture.（2000年上海卷） A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have atterded C. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended Key: B B D A二、“情态动词+完成式” 1. “should（ought to）+完成式”表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做。其否定式表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。 Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. You_ her last week. （2004年福建卷） A ought to tell B would have told C must tell D should have told Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach, I _ so much fried chicken just now. （2002年上海春季卷） A. shouldnt eat B. mustnt have eaten C. shouldnt have eaten D. mustnt eat Key: D C2. “could+完成式”表示本来能够做成某事的但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味。 He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free. （2005年山东卷） A. could B. would C. must D. need Key：A3. “neednt+不定式的完成式”表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事。例如： You neednt have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本不需要浇花的，因为天就要下雨了。 Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. Thanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself. （2005年福建卷） A. neednt do B. neednt have done C. mustnt do D. shouldnt have done Key: B三、常见的情态动词 1. shall用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意见；用于二、三人称陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。 “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides，” declared the judge. （2004年重庆卷） A. may B. should C. must D. shall Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it. （2004年湖南卷） A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt The room is so dirty. _ we clean it? Of course. （2003年北京春季卷） A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do Key: D A B2. must用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏偏，偏要”；mustnt表示禁止，是说话人强有力的劝告。 John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour？ （2005年全国卷） A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this！ （2005年全国卷） A. wouldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not Key: A B3. neednt表示“没有必要”。 Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary. She _. Ive already borrowed one. （2005年湖南卷） A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt Key: C4. would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。不能和be连用。 When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.（1996年上海卷） A. would B. should C. had better D. might Key: A5. 表示经过努力而成功的某一次动作，只能用was/were able to，而不能用could。 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. （1997年全国卷） A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could Key：C6. 考查情态动词用作答语的情况 Write to me when you get home. _. （2001年北京春季卷） A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can Could I call you by your first name？ Yes, you _. （1998年上海卷） A. will B. could C. may D. might Key：C C巩固练习： 1. Michael _ be a policeman, for he is much too short. A. neednt B. cant C. should D. may 2. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 3. Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me. A. mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrived C. cant have arrived D. neednt have arrived 4. Sir, you _be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only. A. mustnt B. cant C. wont D. neednt 5. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. A. should B. can C. must D. will 6. Is John coming by train? He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may 7. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. A. can B. will C. may D. shall 8. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should D. would 9. Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. _. A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent 10. I didnt see her in the meeting-room this morning. She _ at the meeting. A.