高中英语 Unit2《English around the World》 Learning about Language精品测试训练 新人教版必修1.doc

2013年高一英语精品测试训练：unit 2 english around the world learning about language （人教版必修1）语法知能精解直接引语和间接引语（）一、祈使句变间接引语直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要变为ask/tell/order sb.（not） to do的句式。人称代词、时间状语、地点状语按要求作相应变化。 “please dont disturb me，” he said to the boy.he asked the boy not to disturb him.“stay here until tomorrow，” said my grandma.my grandma told me to stay there until the following day.学法点拨 去掉引号要加to;ask,order须记住；替换said要考虑；去掉please莫迟疑；直引若是否定式，not加在to前来显示。误区警示有些表建议、要求或劝告的祈使句变为间接引语时，可以用suggest,insist,offer等动词转述，此时要注意这些词的固定搭配。he said,“lets go to the museum.”he suggested that we (should) go to the museum.the doctor said to him,“dont drink too much.”the doctor suggested that he should not drink too much.当祈使句作直接引语表示请求时，变间接引语常采用request/beg/ask sb.to do形式。若原句中没有称呼语，通常可加上me,him,us等。the teacher said,“will you please not smoke here?”the teacher requested us not to smoke there.“could you help me with my homework?”she said.she asked me to help her with her homework.one of the doctors said,“let me go on with the operation,dr.bethune.”one of the doctors begged dr.bethune to let him go on with the operation.二、直接引语变间接引语时时态不变的7种情况1.直接引语阐述的是一成不变的科学真理、客观事实、格言,变为间接引语时，时态不变。our geography teacher said to us，“the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”our geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2.直接引语中阐述的是过去的客观事实，变为间接引语时，时态不变。our history teacher taught us，“the peoples republic of china was founded in 1949.”our history teacher taught us that the peoples republic of china was founded in 1949.3.直接引语是过去进行时，变为间接引语时，时态不变。jack said,“john,what were you doing when i phoned you?”jack asked john what he was doing when he phoned him.4.直接引语中有明确的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。xiao wang said,“i was born on april 20,1980.”xiao wang said he was born on april 20,1980.5.直接引语中主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，变为间接引语时，时态不变。he says，“i have accepted her suggestion.”he says that he has accepted her suggestion.fred will say,“i havent finished the work yet.”fred will say that he hasnt finished the work yet. 6.直接引语是虚拟语气，变为间接引语时，时态不变。“i insist that you give up smoking，”said the doctor.the doctor insisted that i give up smoking.7.直接引语中动词为没有过去式的情态动词，变为间接引语时，可以用原来的情态动词，也可以用其他形式表达。“you mustnt cross the road against the red light,” said the policeman.the policeman said that i mustnt cross the road against the red light.“must i go to bed at eight？” jim asked his mother.jim asked his mother