陕西省西安市高考英语 阅读和信息匹配四月选练2.doc

陕西省西安市2015高考英语 阅读和信息匹配四月选练2【由山东省2014高考仿真模拟冲刺卷（5）改编】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中选出最佳选项。 a report consistently brought back by visitors to the us is how friendly，courteous and helpful most americans were to themto be fair，this observation is also frequently made of canada and canadians，and should best be considered north americanthere are，of course，exceptionssmall-minded officials，rude waiters，and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the usyet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves commentfor a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existencedullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one anotherstrangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion，and brought news of the outside worldthe harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitalitysomeone traveling alone，if hungry，injured，or ill，often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlementit was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlersit reflected the harshness of daily life： if you didnt take in the stranger and take care of him，there was no one else who wouldand someday，remember，you might be in the same situationtoday there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveleryet，the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the us，especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails“i was just traveling through，got talking with this american，and pretty soon he invited me home for dinneramazing” such observations reported by visitors to the us are not uncommon，but are not always understood properly1in the eyes of visitors from the outside world，_arude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the usbsmall-minded officials deserve a serious commentccanadians are not so friendly as their neighborsdmost americans are ready to offer help2it could be inferred from the last paragraph that _aculture exercises an influence over social interrelationshipbcourteous convention and individual interest are interrelated cvarious virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friendsdsocial interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions3families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers _ato improve their hard life bin view of their long-distance travelcto add some flavor to their own daily lifedout of a charitable impulse4the tradition of hospitality to strangers _atends to be superficial and artificial bis generally well kept up in the united statescis always understood properlydhas something to do with the busy tourist trails5whats the authors attitudes toward the americans friendliness？afavorable bunfavorable cindifferent dneutral【参考答案】1-5、dacba【2015高考复习】阅读理解public bookshelves are appearing across germany on street corners，city squares and in suburban supermarkets.in these freeforall libraries，people can grab whatever they want to read，and leave behind anything they want for others.theres no need to register，no due date，and you can take or give as many as you want.“this project is aimed at everyone who likes to read.it is open for everybody，” michael aubermann，one of the organizers of the free book exchange said.the western citys latest public shelf was put up next to bayenturm.it is the fourth free shelf that aubermanns group，the cologne citizens foundation，has placed outside.“we set up our other outdoor shelves last year and its been working really well，” said aubermann.the public bookshelves，which are usually financed by donations and cared for by local volunteer groups，have appeared independently of each other in many cities，suburbs and villages.each shelf holds around 200 books and it takes about six weeks for a complete turnover，with all the old titles replaced by new ones.even commercial book stores and online book sellers seem to support the idea of free book exchanges.“we see this project rather as a sales promotion than as competition，” said elmar muether.“if books are present everywhere，it helps our business，too.”so far，the cologne book group has had few problems with damage or other problems.aubermann said，“propaganda (宣传) is the only kind of literature we do not allow here.” at another bookshelf in the bayenthal neighborhood，the lower shelves are reserved for childrens literature only.“it is important that we make it easy for everyone to participate in this reading culture on the streetfrom old readers to kids to immigrants，” aubermann said.while most of the shelves have so far been put up in upscale_neighborhoods，aubermann and the 20 volunteers who help look after the project are planning to put up future shelves in poor neighborhoods，where citizens often dont have as much access to literature.【语篇解读】在德国的城市街角、广场和郊区超市，一排排公共书架出现在人们的视野中。你可以随意取阅或捐赠图书。这项免费换书活动得到了人们的支持。1which of the following is true about the public bookshelves?apeople can take the books and leave their books at will.bpeople cant borrow books unless they donate books.cpeople can borrow whatever they like after registering.dpeople have to return the books according to the required time.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“people can grab whatever they want to read，and leave behind anything they want for others.theres no need to register，no due date，and you can take or give as many as you want.”可知，人们可以随意取阅或捐赠图书，不需要登记，也没有规定的还书时间。答案a2according to aubermann，the public bookshelves_.aare financed by local volunteersbhave been going well since their birthcwere managed by the local governmentdwill hold more books and take a shorter turnover解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“we set up our other outdoor shelves last year and its been working really well”可知，公共书架自诞生以来运行良好。根据第二段第四句话可知a项错误，c、d两项文中没有信息支持。答案b3the underlined phrase “upscale neighborhoods” refers to_.acommunities that have many peoplebcommunities that have many tall buildingsccommunities that are free to live indcommunities that are of high grade解析词义猜测题。根据后面的“poor neighborhoods”的对比可知，upscale neighborhoods指的是高档社区。答案d4which might be the best title for the passage?apublic reading becomes popular worldwidebnew trends of bookshelves in germanycpublic bookshelves spread across germanydreading culture on the street in europe解析标题概括题。综合本文内容可知，c项“公共书架遍布德国”最适合作为本文的标题。答案c。信息匹配。根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2014北京模拟)urbanization(都市化)until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. the first city was probably founded no more than 5, 500 years ago. 1. in fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages. it was not until the 20th century that great britain became the first urban society in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living. britain was only the beginning. 2. the process of urbanizationthe migration(迁移)of people from the countryside to the citywas the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live. in 1990, fewer than 40% of americans lived in urban areas. today, over 82% of americans live in cities. only about 2% live on farms. 3. large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. 4. until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英)and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city. over the past two centuries, the industrial revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 5. today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one american farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers. a. that kept cities very small. b. the rest live in small towns. c. the effects of urban living on people should be considered. d. soon many other industrial nations became urban societies. e. but even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities. f. modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive. g. modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings. 答案: 15. edbaf。信息匹配。 (2013南阳模拟)do you know what a big dream is? 1or, is a big dream something that provides only entertainment? children dream big dreams, but there are three barriers to realizing dreams. they often kill them before they ever have a chance to grow. the selfimmediately following the birth of a big dream, a negative self-talk takes over and gives all the reasons why it cannot happen. this inside voice is the ego(自我). its there for protecting and should be listened to. 2most people are influenced by the inside voice. thats why only a handful of people make their dreams come true. 3family and friends are a lot like the ego. they want to protect those they love, so they will often list all the reasons why the big dreams wont come true. sometimes, family and friends destroy dreams of those they love most, out of their own fear of being left behind. the worldif one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world. 4in the past, big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world. fortunately, in most of the world today, big dreamers just get laughed at. the way to realize a big dream is with confidence and action. when children have confidence and then take action, they will be ready to accept any failure. the tru