高考英语总复习 选择题百题精练 专题22 新题型 七选五阅读理解（含解析）(1).doc

2014年高考英语总复习 选择题百题精练 专题22 新题型 七选五阅读理解（含解析） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。urbanizationuntil relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. the first city was probably founded no more than 5，500 years ago. _71_ in fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. it was not until the 20th century that great britain became the first urban society in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.britain was only the beginning. _72_ the process of urbanizationthe migration (迁徙) of people from the countryside to the citywas the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.in 1900, fewer than 40% of americans lived in urban areas. today, over 82% of americans live in cities. only about 2% live on farms. _73_large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninetyfive people on farms to feed five people in cities. _74_ until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.over the past two centuries, the industrial revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. _75_ today, instead of needing ninetyfive farmers to feed five city people, one american farmer is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers.a. that kept cities very small. b. the rest live in small towns.c. the effects of urban living on people should be considered. d. soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.ebut even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.fmodernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.gmodern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.（2）2013辽宁卷根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。forgivenessto forgive is a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. when someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. however, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. people who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research._71_ try the following steps：calm yourself. _72_ you can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.dont wait for an apology. many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. they may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same way. _73_ keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.take the control away from your offender(冒犯者). rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain. instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you._74_ if you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. you may want to write a letter to yourself from your offenders point of view.dont forget to forgive yourself. _75_ but it can rob you of your selfconfidence if you dont do it.awhy should you forgive?bhow should you start to forgive?crecognize the benefits of forgiveness.dtry to see things from your offenders angle.efor some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.fto make your anger die away, try a simple stressmanagement technique.gif you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.75e根据这段的主题“dont forget to forgive yourself ”， 符合此主题的应该是e。（3）2013全国卷根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.the word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. _71_ commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. _72_ business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction，and control of the operations of a business._73_ one is the establishment (制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. _74_ the third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority. _75_ a. control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.b. in this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.cexamples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.d. however, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.e. the second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.f. in the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.g. planning in business management has three main aspects.（4）2013课标全国卷根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。public speaking trainingget a coach 51._，so get help. since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training thats right for you.focus on positives any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you arent doing well. 52._， so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldnt do. 53._ if you find a public speaking course that looks as though its going to give you lots of dos and donts, walk away! your brain is so full of what youre going to be talking about. 54._ as far as were concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. your audience can be your friends.you are a special person not a clonemost importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. 55._. your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone youre not. a. you arent like anybody else b. you already do lots of things well c. turn your back on too many rules d. check the rules about dos and donts ewhatever the presentation, public speaking is tough fthe one thing you dont want is for them to fall asleep gso trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse（5）【2014届辽宁五校协作体摸底试题】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【小题1】 71 if you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. you might sell some to your neighbor and some to the local manager of the supermarket. but in either case, you are producing for the market. 【小题2】 72 if people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them. if you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing for the market. if your father is a steel worker or a truck driver or a doctor or a grocer, he is producing goods or service for the market. 【小题3】 73 you may spend money in stores, supermarkets, gas stations and restaurants. still you are buying from the market. when the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labor market. 【小题4】 74 but for each person or business that is making and selling something, it is very concrete(具体的). if nobody buys your tomatoes, it wont be long before you get the message. 【小题5】 _75_ it is telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesnt want you to do.a. the market may be something abstract.b. the sellers are always smarter than buyers. c. when you spend your income, you are buying things from the market.d. the market is a concept.e. one has to make his ends meet when shopping. f. the market is telling you something.g. your efforts are being directed by the market.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。doctors say most heart disease preventableheart disease is the number one killer, worldwide, of men and women over the age of 60. but people of all ages die of heart attacks each year. and while death rates have declined in the u.s. and many western european countries, they are on the rise in the developing world. 71 . no one would have guessed that barbara teng would have a heart attack. she was not overweight. she did not smoke or exercise.“in 2004, the week after i turned 49, when i was on a business trip in chicago, i had a major heart attack, she said. 72 . she now exercises daily, and monitors her heart health. dr. patrice nickens, who is with the national heart, lung and blood institute, thinks that heart disease is 82 percent preventable. “ 73 ,” she said, “men are also facing the same problem, and the key to staying healthy is knowing your numbers”. “your weight, your blood cholesterol, blood sugar and your blood pressure are important numbers that can help you take action and reduce your risk,” she said. 74 . “and the steps to take are simple: dont smoke, maintain a healthy weight, exercise, know your numbers and talk to your physician and control these risks,” she said. african-americans are at higher-than-average risk for heart disease and stroke; people dont even know they have it, which increases the risk. medstar washington hospital center is trying to reach this population. 75 . for example, helping the people monitor their blood pressure. if people realize they are at risk for heart disease, theyll make lifestyle changes: lose weight, exercise, eat the right foods and keep in touch with a doctor a. a healthy lifestyle can prevent heart diseaseb. so we must cure heart diseasec. it is the leading cause of death for womend. with the right training, they can play an important role in community healthe. and that changed her lifef. lack of exercise causes heart attacksg. yet most heart disease is preventable.（7）【2013届黑龙江大庆市高三第二次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。encouraging positive relationshipschoosing ones friends is an important part of growing up. and although you cant choose your childrens friends, you can have a positive influence on the relationships they make throughout their formative years. use the following strategies to help your children to build positive relationships with their friends. encourage diversity. 71 in addition to exposing your kids to more diversity, it will also help them learn more about themselves. avoid criticism. avoid criticizing friendships, but be honest with your kids when youre concerned. 72 this may m