高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Global warming素材 新人教版选修6.doc

unit 4 global warming话题词汇1environmentally friendly环保的2pollutant n污染物3recycle v回收4nonrenewable adj.不可再生的5disastrous adj.灾难性的6alternative energy替代能源7endangered species濒危物种8limited natural resources有限的自然资源9global warming全球变暖10arouse peoples awareness of environmental protection提高公众的环保意识经典语篇你所在的班级正在准备办一期英语墙报，主题为“保护环境，控制污染”，请你根据以下要点写一篇英语短文。1工业快速发展的同时也造成了环境污染；2增强环保意识和控制人口增长可以减少污染；3号召人们共同努力，参与环保。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。佳作欣赏we are happy to see that the world economy is developing fast，but with the fast development of industry come different kinds of pollution.we have been surrounded by polluted air，water and soil.it is clear that they have become the problems which worry nearly everyone and the government.how to prevent pollution？we must both strengthen peoples sense of environmental protection and control the increase of population.we should know that destroying the environment means destroying our own homethe earth.i hope all the people in the world will join hands to protect the environment.only in this way will we have a good future.思维发散1将第句改为正常语序different kinds of pollution come with the fast development of industry.2将第句改为简单句they have become the problems worrying nearly everyone and the government.3仿照第句用倒装句完成句子只有认真观察每个雨滴是怎样汇成小溪的，你才能理解如何用许多小的成就实现梦想。only by watching how each raindrop comes down in a stream can you understand how it takes many small accomplishments to realize a dream.重点单词a写作单词1quantity (n.)数量；量2steady (adj.)平稳的；持续的；稳固的3widespread (adj.)分布广的；普遍的4average (adj.)平均的5circumstance (n.)环境；情况6oppose (vt.)反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed (adj.)反对的；对立的7tendency (n.)倾向；趋势tend (v.)趋向；易于；照顾8educator (n.)教育家；教育工作者educate (vt.)教育education (n.)教育9contribution (n.)贡献contribute (v.)贡献10pollution (n.)污染；弄脏pollute (vt.)污染11consume (vt.)消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完consumer (n.)消费者；用户；消耗者consumption (n.)消耗(量)12state (vt.)陈述；说明statement (n.)陈述，声明b阅读单词13advocate (vt.)拥护；提倡；主张；(n.)拥护者，支持者，提倡者14graph (n.)图表；坐标图；曲线图15random (adj.)胡乱的；任意的16fuel (n.) 燃料17data (n.) 资料；数据18catastrophe (n.)大灾难；浩劫19mild (adj.)温和的；温柔的；淡的20consequence (n.)后果；结果；影响21range (n.)种类；范围22glance (vi.)扫视；看一下；(n.)一瞥23existence (n.)生存；存在24casual (adj.)随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的25phenomenon (n.)现象phenomena (n.)现象(复数)26subscribe (vi.)同意；捐赠；订阅；(vt.)签署(文件)；捐助subscriber (n.)订阅人，订购者subscription (n.)订阅费，订购27commitment (n.)承诺；交托；信奉commit (vt.)犯(罪/错)；承诺，保证；交托28growth (n.)增长；生长grow (vt.& vi.)种植，生长29electrical (adj.)电的；与电有关的electric (adj.)电的，用电操作的electronic (adj.)电子的electricity (n.)电30refresh (vt.)使恢复；使振作；使想起refreshing (adj.)使人精神振奋的refreshed (adj.)感到神清气爽的refreshment (n.)心旷神怡，恢复精神31disagreement (n.)分歧；不一致disagree (vi.)不同意agreement (n.)同意；协议agree (vi.)同意.重点短语1come about发生；造成2subscribe to同意；赞成；订购3quantities of大量的4go up上升；增长；升起5result in导致6be opposed to反对7even if即使8keep on继续9on the whole大体上；基本上10on behalf of代表一方；作为的代言人11put up with忍受；容忍12and so on等等；诸如此类.经典句式1there is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和，并且全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。2even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。3it is ok to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not，turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！4it takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials，so，if you can，buy things made from recycled materials.用新材料来制作物品要花费大量的能源，因此，只要有可能，就买那些用回收材料制成的物品吧。.课文语法填空1there is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer but there is a fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this global warming 2.or whether it is just a natural phenomenon.many scientists like dr.janice foster believe that people have caused 3.the increase in the earths temperature by burning fossil fuels like coal，natural gas and oil to produce energy whose byproducts 4.are called(call) “greenhouse” gases，the most important one 5.being(be) carbon dioxide.these gases trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth，without 6.which the earth would be about thirtythree degrees celsius cooler 7.than it is.but 8.increased(increase) amount of extra carbon dioxide means that more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.9on the other hand，scientists like george hambley believe that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences and more carbon dioxide is 10.actually(actual) a positive thing.1. quantity n.数量；量应试指导主谓一致的考查in quantity大量quantities of名词复数谓语动词 许多a quantity of 大量(1)quantities of food and tents were sent to earthquakestricken areas from shandong.大量的食品和帐篷从山东运往了地震灾区。(2)my brother bought a large quantity of books.我弟弟买了大量的书。多维训练(1)单句语法填空a large quantity of beer was sold(sell) yesterday.large quantities of food are wasted(waste) because of the way it looks.why does the river around the village smell terrible?because large quantities of water have been polluted(pollute) already.(2)完成句子its a lot cheaper if you buy it in quantity(大量地)there are large quantities of(大量的) rain in this area.2. oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(to disagree with)oppose doing sth.反对做某事be opposed to反对as opposed to而；相对于(1)the king couldnt bear anyone to oppose him.国王不能忍受任何人反抗他。(2)the father is opposed to his sons marriage.父亲反对儿子的婚事。多维训练(1)单句语法填空his daughter is very athletic as opposed (oppose) to his son.she is very much opposed(oppose) to your marrying her.he opposed building(build) a new hall.(2)同义句改写the government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people were opposed to it.(用with复合结构改写)with a lot of people opposing/opposed to the new proposal，the government postponed it.3. range n.种类；范围；v.排列；涉及(1)a range of一系列beyond/out of ones range/the range of sb.超出某人的范围in/within the range of在范围之内(2)range from.to.从到之间变化(1)its beyond/out of the range of my ability.这件事超出了我的能力范围。(2)there are 120 students whose ages range from 10 to 18.有120名学生，年龄在10到18之间。多维训练(1)单句语法填空the exchange program between the uk and china may affect various schools ranging(range) from kindergarten to high school.we have a range of mens shirts on special offer.(2)完成句子该物体进入了我的视野。it came in/within the range of my vision.我爱好广泛。i have a wide range of hobbies.4. average adj.(无比较级)平均的；平常的；n.平均；平均数；一般水平；平均标准an average of平均有(后跟数词)the average of.的平均数on (an/the) average平均；一般地above/below (the) average在平均水平以上/以下up to average达到平均数(1)its said that the paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.据说这个报社平均每天要收到接近一百来篇稿件。(2)on average，vegetarians are slimmer than meat eaters. 一般来说，素食者比肉食者更有“型”。(3)these marks are well above/below average.这些分数远在一般水平以上/以下。特别提醒“an average of 复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；而“the average of复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。多维训练(1)单句语法填空the average of these numbers is (be) 50.an average of 10 students were/are(be) absent each day.on average we receive ten letters each day.(2)完成句子with the help of the teacher，marys physics is now up to the average(现在已达到平均水平)5. circumstance n.环境；情况应试指导(1)under no circumstances置于句首时倒装；(2)circumstance作为先行词时定语从句引导词的考查in/under no circumstances决不(never)in/under the circumstances在这种情况下；既然这样in/under any circumstances在任何情况下if circumstances allow/permit如果情况允许(1)the strategy was too dangerous in the explosive circumstances of the times.在当时那种一触即发的形势下，采取那样的策略太危险了。(2)i wish we could have met under happier circumstances.我真希望我们是在更愉快的情况下相识的。特别提醒抽象地点名词，如：point，stage，case，situation，condition，position，activity，race，competition，system，job，scene，life，occasion，environment，circumstance等作先行词时，用where引导。多维训练(1)单句语法填空its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.i have reached a point in my life where i am supposed to make decisions of my own.(2)完成句子under no circumstances must you leave the house(必须离开房子)you must not mention your colleagues under any circumstances(在任何情况下)iran and iraq also have the potential to export more，if circumstances allow/permit(如果情况允许)6. come about发生(happen)；造成应试指导作为高级词汇替换happenit comes/came about that.发生。how does it come about that.？是怎样发生的？come across偶遇；被理解when it comes to.当谈到come up with想出(主意)；找到(答案)(1)as a result of carelessness，the project collapse came about in the last spring.去年春天，由于疏忽大意造成了工程的坍塌。(2)when it comes to diet and exercise，we know what to do，but we dont do what we know.当谈及饮食和锻炼时我们知道怎么做，但是我们不那样做。特别提醒come about相当于happen或occur，均无被动形式。多维训练(1)单句语法填空what on earth are the police busy with?they have been looking into how the plane crash came about.how does it come about that you were caught by the police?(2)短语填空the meaning of this word will come across to you sooner or later.that came about when we went to glastonbury last year.to some extent，what you came up with is practical.7. subscribe to同意，赞成；订购；捐助多维训练写出下列句子中subscribe to的汉语意思(1)are you going to subscribe to the opera this season？订购(2)how much did you subscribe to the disaster fund？捐助(3)do you subscribe to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy？同意，赞成8. on behalf of(on ones behalf)代表一方；作为的代言人多维训练选词填空(1)what does atm stand for?(2)i apologize to you on behalf of the hotel.(3)union officials representing the teachers met the government today.9. put up with容忍；忍受多维训练短语填空(1)on christmas eve，we put up some balloons to add to the festival atmosphere.(2)considering your salary，you should put aside at least 100 dollars a week.(3)having been told that it was going to snow，the climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest mountain.(4)the little boy always listens to the teacher very carefully in class.he can put down almost every word his chinese teacher says.(5)hong kong residents say they can no longer put up with the ongoing occupy central protests which greatly influenced their daily life and local business.10 .it is ok to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not，turn it off！,只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！句型公式：so long as引导条件状语从句so long as (as long as)只要，引导条件状语从句。as long as还可译为“长达，和一样长，和一样长久”。(1)they believe i can succeed next time as long as i work harder.他们相信只要我更加努力学习下次我就能成功。(2)the desk is as long as five metres.这张桌子长达5米。多维训练(1)写出下列句子中as long as的汉语意思as long as she did this，all would be well.只要this ruler is as long as that one.和一样长(2)what are you going to do this afternoon?ill probably go for a walk later on so/as long as it stays fine(只要天一直好的话)(3)单句改错so we can do this directly as long as we will have certain types of information.去掉will.语境填词1in its early history，chicago had floods(洪水) frequently，especially in the spring，making the streets so muddy that people，horses，and carts got stuck.(2015湖南)2such random(随机的) acts of consideration will have your neighbors talkingand the talk will be good.(2014浙江)3all around the world，we can see the consequences(后果) of this throwaway lifestyle.(2015安徽)4fishkeeping is a widespread(普遍的) hobby and the keeper can observe their behavior in the glass tank and study its entire life cycle.(2013陕西)5last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68c above the average(平均)(2015重庆).单句语法填空1there is no doubt that you can get along well with them.(2014天津) 2the interest is less in the phenomena(phenomenon) themselves，but in uncertainty.(2013重庆)3without gravity to help circulate air，the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible cloud around your head.(2015湖北)4literature，classic literature，is a beautiful，richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment(refresh)(2014福建)5have you seen the film under the hawthorn tree?of course，i have.it was in our village that it was made.(2011重庆)6instead，its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth(grow) and forgiveness.(2015全国)7the development of industry has been a gradual process throughout human existence(exist)，from stone tools to modern technology.(2012浙江)8i have been consistently opposed to feeding(feed) a baby regularly.(2012广东)9they have recorded all lost objects ranging(range) from potatoes to golf gloves.(2014广东)10on average，each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck.(2015四川).短语填空1on the whole，brookss story is acceptable if uninspired.(2015湖北)2i can put up with the house being untidy，but i hate it if its not clean.(2011新课标全国)3once，i took part in a national hostess speaking contest on behalf of our school and won the first place.(2015陕西)4you can write anything relevant so long as its interesting and informative.(2015全国)5i learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster.(2014湖北)6even if it contains evidence that wind farms are harmful，it will hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who do not like them.(2014福建).完成句子1创造让雇员感受到自己是团队一部分的氛围是一个巨大的挑战。creating an atmosphere in which/where employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.(2015浙江)2只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值，那么他的生命就有价值。ones life has value as long as one brings value to the life of others.(2012江苏)3这种独特的作品不同于今天的流行艺术，即使它们开始时是作为流行艺术出现的。unique works of this kind are different from todays popular art，even if they began as works of popular art.(2015重庆)4巴赫于1750年去世，但是他的音乐才能一直到19世纪早期才完全被认可。bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.(2015重庆)5公园里非常拥挤，所以我们花了很多时间才找到一个可用的位置。the park was crowded，so it took us some time to find an available site.(2014湖北)写作素材(关于环保)1不同的科学家对全球变暖有不同的看法。2有些科学家同意全球变暖是个灾难。3全球气温不断增长可能会导致洪水、干旱和饥荒。4其他科学家反对这种观点，认为这种变暖会很温和。5它不会在环境方面导致严重的后果。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用that引导的同位语从句，现在分词短语作状语。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)different scientists have different opinions on global warming.some scientists subscribe to the view that global warming will be a catastrophe.the global temperature goes up steadily，which results in floods，drought and famines.others are opposed to this，saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences.阅读理解aenvironment awareness weekregal convention centre，halls 142430 march 2015 10：00 am9：00 pmfree admission for all!save the environment，save our futureour environment needs help.with the participation of more than 50 organizations.environment awareness week is the biggest public education event dedicated to environmental protection and conservation.dont miss it！come and know more about：the threats to earth (hall 1)what is global warming？how serious is pollution？learn about different environmental problems from our university students.protect our environment!the search for renewable energy (hall 2)can we get electricity from wind，solar energy，waves，rivers and underground heat？get the answers from solar ace，teflon，touch wind resources and other participants.the quest for freshwater (hall 3)is the shortage of freshwater worsening？what are singapores solutions for treating wastewater？hear from flow technologies，hydromax solutians and other participants.the 3 rs to save earth (hall 4)how can we reduce，reuse and recycle to cut down household wastes？find out from the global gaia network，green earth foundation and other participants.for more information，please call mr.philip koh at 6553 1188，send an email to mrs.daisy soh at daisy.sohief.org or visit the events website at http：//eaw.1the organizer of the event is .aglobal gaia networkbclean energy agencycgreen earth foundationdinternational environment fund答案d解析细节理解题。根据图片中提到“organized by international environment fund”可知由国际环保基金会组织，故选d项。2whats the purpose of “environment awareness week”？ato educate people about environment protection.bto advertise for environmental friendly products.cto make money by attracting visitors.dto support environment protection.答案a解析细节理解题。根据save the environment，save our future中提到的“environment awareness week is the biggest public education event dedicated to environmental protection and conservation.”可知目的是让人们保护环境，故选a项。3the “3 rs” stand for .aread，realize and rememberbreduce，reuse and recyclecgreen earth foundationdglobal gaia network答案b解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段提到“how can we reduce，reuse and recycle to cut down household wastes？”可知3 rs是减少、再利用和再循环，故选b项。bit is certain that when the eruption of vesuvius started on the morning of 24 august,79 ad，it caught the local population unprepared.it is mainly thanks to the account of the younger pliny that we have some understanding of what happened.and it is through him that we can gain insight into the reactions and feelings of the people caught up in the drama of this natural disaster.plinys account leaves no doubt that everyone was caught unprepared.his uncle，known as the elder pliny，was stationed in command of the imperial(帝国的) naval base at misenum，on the northwest extremity of the bay of naples.he was not only the senior military officer in the district，but possibly the most well informed living roman on matters of natural science.his 37volume natural history is the longest work on science in latin that has survived from antiquity (古代)but for all his science and his seniority，his nephew told us that the elder pliny was relaxing，after a bath and lunch，when vesuvius started to erupt.and the sighting of a column of smoke “like an umbrella pine” on the far