【优化指导】高考英语总复习 语法突破篇 第一讲 动词的时态和语态.doc

【优化指导】2013高考英语外研总复习 语法突破篇 第一讲 动词的时态和语态2(2011全国高考)when alice came to，she did not know how long she _ there.ahad been lyingbhas been lyingcwas lyingdhas lain解析：句意：当艾丽斯醒来时，她不知道自己在那儿躺了多久。根据时态一致的原则，可排除b、d两项；由she did not know how long.可知应用过去完成进行时，表示持续发生的动作。答案：a3(2011山东高考)when i got on the bus，i _ i had left my wallet at home.awas realizingbrealizedchave realizeddwould realize解析：句意：当我坐上公共汽车时，我才意识到我把钱包忘在家里了。根据句意知when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词表示的动作和主句的谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，且从句用一般过去时。答案：b4(2011江苏高考)the fact that so many people still smoke in public places _ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.asuggestbsuggestscsuggesteddsuggesting解析：句意：仍有许多人在公共场所吸烟这一事实表明我们可能需要一次全国范围内的运动来提高人们对吸烟危害的认识。本句说明了一个现在存在的事实，故用一般现在时。主句的主语是the fact，故谓语用动词的第三人称单数形式suggests。suggest在此句中的意思是“表明”，并非“建议”。答案：b5(2011全国高考)i wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he _ polite.awas just beingbwill just bechad just beendwould just be解析：句意：我不确定他是否真感兴趣或者仅仅是出于礼貌。“be现在分词”表示临时性，有“有意如此”之意，此处时态为过去时。再如：john was being slow，and i remember wondering why he was being slow.约翰有意慢腾腾(平时并非如此)，我记得曾对此感到纳闷。此题也可用排除法解题。根据时态一致原则，b项will just be可排除。c项had just been为过去完成时，强调动作发生的时间为“过去的过去”；d项would just be为过去将来时，两者均不合题意。答案：a6(2011全国高考)if you dont like the drink you _，just leave it and try a different one.aorderedbare orderingcwill orderdhad ordered解析：句意：如果你不喜欢你点的饮料，就别喝了，再换一种。由语境可知饮料是刚才点的，故用一般过去时。答案：a7(2011湖南高考)in the near future，more advances in the robot technology _ by scientists.aare makingbare madecwill makedwill be made解析：句意：在不久的将来，科学家们将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进步。由句中的时间状语“in the near future”可知应用一般将来时；make advances取得进步，more advances作主语，故用被动语态。答案：d8(2011四川高考)all visitors to this village _ with kindness.atreatbare treatedcare treatingdhad been treated解析：句意：所有到达这个村庄的游客都受到了友好的招待。treat为一般现在时的主动语态；are treated为一般现在时的被动语态；are treating为现在进行时的主动语态；had been treated为过去完成时的被动语态。句子主语all visitors与谓语动词treat之间为被动关系。结合语境可确定用一般现在时的被动语态。答案：b9(2011安徽高考)i didnt ask for the name list.why _ on my desk?i put it there just now in case you needed it.adoes it landbhas it landedcwill it landdhad it landed解析：句意：我没有要名单，它为什么已经被放到了我的桌子上？我刚刚放在那里的，以防你会需要。从对话中知道名单已经出现在桌子上了，所以需要用现在完成时。a项是一般现在时；c项是一般将来时，表示还没有放上；d项是过去完成时，在本句中没有出现一个过去的时间状语作对比，也不正确；只有b项是现在完成时，因此选b项。答案：b10(2011山东高考)she was surprised to find the fridge empty；the children _ everything!ahad been eatingbhad eatenchave eatendhave been eating解析：句意：她惊奇地发现冰箱是空的；孩子们早把所有东西都吃光了！由句意可知孩子们“吃光东西”是发生在她“吃惊地发现”之前，而“吃惊地发现”用一般过去时，故“吃光东西”应为过去的过去，即过去完成时。a项为过去完成进行时；c项为现在完成时；d项为现在完成进行时，均不符合语境。故选b项。答案：b11(2011辽宁高考)by the time jack returned home from england，his son _ from college.agraduatedbhas graduatedchad been graduatingdhad graduated解析：句意：到杰克从英国回家的时候，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。return所表示的动作发生在过去，graduate所表示的动作发生在他回家之前，是“过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时态。答案：d12(2011辽宁高考)ill go to the library as soon as i finish what i_.awas doingbam doingchave donedhad been doing解析：句意：我一完成我正在做的事情，就去图书馆。本题语境为现在时态，所以根据句意应用现在进行时态，表示现在正在做的事情。a项过去进行时；c项现在完成时；d项过去完成进行时，均不合题意。答案：b13(2011福建高考)last month，the japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they _ from china.areceivebare receivingchave receiveddhad received解析：句意：上个月，日本政府表达了他们对收到的来自中国的援助的谢意。由语境可知，receive这一动作发生在expressed动作之前，即“过去的过去”，故receive要用过去完成式，因此d项正确。答案：d14(2011陕西高考)his first novel _ good reviews since it came out last month.areceivesbis receivingcwill receivedhas received解析：句意：他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来就受到了好评。since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。答案：d15(2011重庆高考)that piece of music sounds quite familiar.who _ the piano upstairs?ahas playedbplayedcplaysdis playing解析：句意：那首乐曲听起来相当熟悉，谁正在楼上弹钢琴呢？根据句意，本题应用现在进行时。答案：d16(2012福州质检)james camerons movie avatar，set in 2154, _place on a planet called pandora.awill takebwill be takenctakesdis taken解析：考查动词的时态和语态。描述电影和电视剧等内容时通常用一般现在时；take place不用于被动结构。答案：c17(2012西城抽样)when can i get my car back?i think it _ sometime later today.give me a call around 3 oclock.awill be finishedbfinishescwill finishdwill be finishing解析：考查动词的时态和语态。语意表示“车今天晚些时候修好”，动作发生在将来，同时汽车是“被修理的”，用被动语态，综合用will be done结构，这里选a项。答案：a18(2012杭州检测)hello，you _ 86558225.im sorry，but im unable to answer your question right now.areachedbwere reachingchave reacheddhad reached解析：考查动词的时态。句意：你现在接通了86558225。此处表示已经接通了，因此用现在完成时。答案：c19(2012南昌调研)we carved their names on the stone so that the younger generation should know what their forefathers _ for the nation.adidbhad donecwere doingdhave done解析：考查动词的时态。语意：我们把他们的名字刻在石碑上是为了让后代了解他们的祖先都为这个国家做过什么事。显然祖先们的事迹在carved之前发生，因此这里应用过去完成时。答案：b20(2012杭州检测)barbara lost her key again yesterday. _？thats her third time in just one month.adoes shebhad shechas sheddid she解析：考查时态和省略。根据第一个人话语中的lost和yesterday可知，应用一般过去时。did she是did she lose her key的省略。答案：d21(2012合肥检测)i called you last night，but nobody answered.oh，i usually _ off my cellphone by 8：00 pm.aswitchedbhave switchedcswitchdhad switched解析：考查时态。题干中有副词usually，叙述答话人的生活习惯，因此这里用一般现在时。我通常在晚上8点关手机。答案：c22(2012湘潭模拟)it seems that oil_ from this pipe for some time.well have to take the machine apart to put it right.ahave leakedbis leakingcleakeddhas been leaking解析：考查动词的时态。句意：似乎石油从管子里漏了一段时间了，我们得赶快把机器修理好。根据句意可知，石油从过去开始到现在一直在漏，应该用现在完成进行时。答案：d23(2012湖南适应性测试)why are you still here？everybody has gone to attend the lecture by the president.oh