【优化指导】（全国通用）高考英语总复习 8.5The Conquest of the Universe课时作业 外研版.doc

【优化指导】（全国通用）2013高考英语总复习 8.5the conquest of the universe课时作业 外研版2in 1948，three american scientists invented_transistor，which is_small electronic device to control an electric current.athe；aba；a cthe；the da；the解析：发明物的单数名词前用定冠词，由此可排除b、d两项。后面一空用不定冠词，表示“一种(小设备)”，故选a。答案：a3. seans strong love for his country is _in his recently published poems.areceivedbreflectedcresponded drecovered解析：句意：西恩对他的国家的深深的爱反映在他最近出版的诗歌中。receive意为“收到”；respond意为“反应”；recover意为“恢复”，均不符合题意。 答案：b4. john is fully _ with his research that he has no spare time to share with his son.aoccupied babsentcaware dleftover解析：句意：约翰忙于他的研究以至于抽不出时间和他儿子一起分享。be occupied with sth忙于某事。答案：a5. the three sisters decided to hold a family party to _ their parentssilver wedding.awelcome bcongratulatecmemorize dcelebrate解析：celebrate庆祝(节日、生日、纪念日等)；welcome欢迎；congratulate祝贺，庆贺，恭喜(成功、成就、结婚等)；memorize记住。答案：d6. i would be grateful if you would _ receipt of this letter.aadmitbacknowledge caccept dinform解析：句意：收信后若能及时告知，将不胜感激。acknowledge意为“告知已收到”。答案：b7why not take my car to the museum instead of walking?no，thanks._.aim used to bim able to cim about to dive got to解析：be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”，此处后面省略了walking。答案：a8the us.health officials are recommending that all students under 18 _ a flu shot.ato getbgetcgetting dto be got解析：考查虚拟语气。recommend建议，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。句意：美国医疗官员建议十八岁以下的学生都要注射流感疫苗。答案：b9sunny was sentenced to death last month for that robbery.he who keeps doing evil is_ to come to ruin.aboundblikelyceasy dpossible解析：句意：桑尼上个月因那次抢劫案被判死刑了。多行不义必自毙。be bound to do表示“一定做，必定做”，符合语意要求。答案：a10some english idioms are difficult to understand.exactly，_ you know the meaning of each word.aif onlybeven ifcas if dnow that 解析：考查状语从句。句意为“有些英语习语很难理解”。“的确是这样的，即使你知道每个单词的意思”。even if即使，符合句意；if only要是就好了；as if好像；now that既然。答案：b11got your driving license? no.i _too busy to have enough practice，so i didnt take the driving test last week.awasbamchave been dhad been解析：考查时态的用法。根据答语可知说话人过去一直很忙而没有进行足够的练习，以至于没有参加上周的驾照考试。“忙”发生在过去的动作“take”之前，因此应该用过去完成时。答案：d12as a teacher，i seldom give my students such a difficult problem _they can not work out.athat bifcin order that das解析：考查定语从句。work out是及物的动词短语，但后面没有宾语，所以可以判断此句是定语从句，又因为先行词被such修饰，所以要用as作关系代词。因为such.that引导的是状语从句，如果work out后面有宾语，则可选that，故选d。答案：d13dont speak in such a manner，_you will get into trouble.athat botherwisecas if dand解析：句意：不要用这种方式讲话，否则你会有麻烦。a、c、d填入后句意不通。答案：b14it was not until dark _he found_ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.athat；what bthat；thatcwhen；what dwhen；that解析：这是一个带有宾语从句的强调句。宾语从句是由关系代词that引导的。此处省略了that，what he thought在从句中作主语。答案：a15do you mind if jim will come to help?i really dont know _ a person like him can help me with.awhat bthatchow dif解析：考查名词性从句。答语句尾的help me with后缺少宾语，what作with的宾语，故选a。答案：a二、完形填空over the years i have learned what harm can come from gossip.in my work place，gossip is a big problem，which is _1_ by a couple of women who actually feel the need to stretch and _2_certain bits of information，simply for the sake of fighting against each other. having been on the receiving end of their back hurt，i have become very _3_ of what i say and to whom.i have 3way calling on our phone.one night，i was on the _4_ with my sisterinlaw，dawn.i had called her to let her know our husbands_5_ have to work very late that saturday night.just then，my dad _6_，hoping to get arlos help.i clicked back over to my dad and began talking to him，_7_ forgetting dawn.we inadvertently(不经意地)got on the_8_of dawn，and i said she was so careless，caring for money and mean.then i_9_ that she should have“gotten off her butt(臀部)and did something herself”monday evening arlo _10_to the house，and said，“brenda，next time you are talking _11_ about someone，make sure the threeway calling is_12_.”almost immediately i knew what he was talking about，_13_i wasnt exactly sure what all i had said.dawns answering machine had_14_ the entire conversation between dad and me! wondering how i was going to _15_ it，i stopped by to apologize a couple of times，but dawn wasnt _16_.after a couple of weeks，i finally spoke to her.when she picked up the phone i tried to make a _17_of it，but she did not see the humor in it.after this incident，i got to_18_.lately，i have found myself slipping back into the gossip _19_i had worked so hard to get myself out of.i sort of wonder if this was gods way of _20_ my mouth out with soap.i wont forget it now.语篇解读：长舌妇和长舌男是闲言碎语的主要传播者。因为长舌而伤害到别人的不在少数。下面我们看看这篇妯娌之间有关“长舌危机”的故事吧。 1. aheightened bshortenedcrecovered dopened解析：在我的工作场合，长舌妇常常成为麻烦制造者，她们总是夸大事实。heighten夸大，加强；shorten缩短；recover恢复；open打开。答案：a2a.acceptbtwistcfurnish dupdate解析：几个女人凑到一起总是觉得有必要将一些信息夸大、扭曲并宣扬出去，只是用来对付别人。accept接受；twist(故意)歪曲；furnish用(家具)装备；update更新。空处与stretch并列，故选b。答案：b 3. apatient bembarrassedcaware dpositive解析：已经受到过她们对我的背后攻击，我已经意识到该说什么和对什么人说话了。patient耐心的；embarrassed尴尬的；aware意识到的；positive主动的。be/become aware of意识到，知道。答案：c 4. aphone bpointcplace dconversation解析：联系前一句i have 3way calling on our phone可知答案。on the phone用电话交谈，3way calling三方通话。答案：a5a.should bneedcmust dwould解析：我打电话告诉她我们的丈夫星期六晚上会工作到很晚。would在此表示过去将来。答案：d6a.camebcalledccommunicate dconsulted解析：就在这时，我父亲打电话来了，希望得到arlo的帮忙。联系上下文尤其是“clicked back.”可知是父亲打了电话。come来；call(给)打电话；communicate交流；consult咨询。答案：b7a.originally bdelightfullyccompletely dgenerally解析：我接通我父亲的电话和他交谈起来，完全忘记了(未挂断)dawn(的电话)。originally起初，原来；delightfully高兴地；completely完全地；generally一般地。答案：c 8a.subjectbroleccharacter dsituation解析：我们不经意地聊到了有关dawn的话题上。subject话题；role角色；character人物，角色；situation情形。答案：a 9. ainformedbexpectedcimagined dmentioned解析：和上句的said相呼应。然后我“提到”了她不应该坐着偷懒，该自己做点事了。inform通知；expect期望；imagine想象；mention提到。答案：d 10. acame breturnedcwent drun解析：根据常识可知：arlo“返回”了家。答案：b11a.good bblackcbad dwhite解析：brenda，下次你说别人坏话的时候，要确保三方通话已经断开。talk bad about sb.“说某人的坏话”。答案：c 12. adisconnected bconnectedcdisturbed ddistinguished解析：参见上题解析。disconnected断开的，不连接的；connected连接的；disturbed扰乱的；distinguished著名的。答案：a13a.andbthoughctill dbut解析：虽然我立即就知道他在说什么，但是我不能确定我都说了什么。答案：d14a.focused on bpicked upcfound out dtook up 解析：dawn的电话答录机记录了我和父亲交谈的全部内容。focus on集中注意力于；pick up偶然获得；find out发现，查明；take up占据。答案：b15a.controlbignorecfix dclarify解析：想知道我是怎样收拾残局的吗？control控制；ignore忽视；fix收拾；clarify澄清。答案：c16a.aroundboutsidecbehind daway解析：我想道歉，去过她家几次，但她都不在家。stop by顺路拜访。around出现。答案：a17a.choicebdecisioncchallenge djoke解析：从后面的humor可知，我给她打电话，竭力想开玩笑，但她不领情。make a joke of sth.拿某事开玩笑。答案：d 18. arefresh brethinkcrelax dretell解析：通过这次事件我开始反思。refresh重振精神；rethink反思，重新思考；relax松弛，放松；retell复述。答案：b19a.mindbformcfashion dmode解析：最近，我发现我自己又回到了长舌妇的模式中了，这个毛病是我曾竭力克服的。mind思维；form形式；fashion时尚；mode模式，样式。答案：d20a.washing bsweeping cruining dsqueezing解析：我有点想知道这是否是上帝在教导我别说别人坏话的方式。sort of有点儿，有几分。wash洗；sweep打扫；ruin毁坏；squeeze挤压。答案：a三、阅读理解for the people living in the nile basin，the river is their life.this 6,825 km waterway，whose watershed(流域)covers three million square kilometers，flows through mountains，woodlands，lakes and deserts.its potential for fishing，tourism and shipping is greatbut so are its challenges.water shortage，already serious in egypt and sudan，will soon influence several other countries in the watershed as well.today，about 160 million people depend on the nile river for their living.within the next 25 years，the districts population is expected to double，adding to the demand brought about by growth in industry and agriculture.the frequent drought adds to the urgency.water quality is also a problem.precious soil is washed out to sea.wastes from industry and agriculture create pollution.higher concentrations of salt influence irrigated soils.waterborne diseases continue unchecked.in areas where its hot and damp，water hyacinths choke off lakes，dams and other sections of the river，making it difficult for fishing and other businesses to move forward.native people along the narrow area of farmland have watched the sand move closer day by day.theyve seen the river change course，and their only source of water thickened with mud.theyre very poor and have few choices.but a new program，the nile basin initiative(nbi)，is offering very practical assistance.the program is more than just a watermanagement project.its a plan for the social and economic development of