【完胜高考】高三英语一轮复习 阅读理解精品训练（7）（含解析）.doc

完胜高考2014届高三一轮复习精品训练：阅读理解（7）（解析版）（广东省梅州中学2013届高三第一次月考英语试题）ado you know anything about the history of weather? dont look at the skydont look for old weather reportslooking at the tree rings is more importantcorrect weather reports date back only one century, but some trees can provide an exact record of weather even further backit is natural that a tree would grow best in a climate with plenty of sunlight and rainfallit is also expected that little sunlight or rainfall would reduce the growth of a treethe change from a favorable to an unfavorable climate can be found out by the reading pattern of rings in a tree trunkto find out the weather of ten years ago, you can count the rings of a tree trunk from the outside to the insideif the tenth ring is far from the other rings, then it is certain that plenty of sunny and rainy weather occurredif the rings are close together, then the climate was bad for the tree a scientist studied the pattern of the rings of dead trees that had grown therehe made up his mind that the people had to leave because they had cut down all the treestrees were necessary to make fires and buildingsso, after the people destroyed the trees, they had to move in this example studying tree rings uncovered an exciting fact about the history of man26. we can find out the weather of five years ago by counting the rings of a tree trunk _afrom the left to the rightbfrom the right to the leftcfrom the inside to the outside dfrom the outside to the inside【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据to find out the weather of ten years ago, you can count the rings of a tree trunk from the outside to the inside故选d。27. if the ring was far from the others, we can conclude that the weather of that year was _abad bfavorable csunny drainy【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。bad 不好的；favorable有利的；sunny阳关充足的；rainy多雨的；根据if the tenth ring is far from the other rings, then it is certain that plenty of sunny and rainy weather occurredfavorable既能说明有阳光又能说明雨量充足，故选b。28. by studying the rings of dead trees in an area of new mexico, the scientist found _ awhat the people had to eat bwhere the people had to gocwhy the people had to leavedhow the people left【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知人们把树都给砍了，以致于他们不得不迁移，故选c。29. the ancient people usually lived where there were plenty of trees mainly because _atrees provided an exact record of weatherbtrees were materials for fires and buildings ctrees could supply them with shadesdtrees could supply them with fruit and food【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据trees were necessary to make fires and buildings故选b。30. by giving the example of an area of new mexico, the author tries to prove_.atrees cant live in the area without populationbwhat the relation is between tree rings and the history of mancthat studying trees is important for the history of man dthe history of man is important for the history of trees【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据looking at the tree rings is more important研究树对于研究人类的发展史很重要的，故选c。（广东省2013届模拟）blike distance runners on a measured course, all of us will move through time in a roughly predictable pattern. in the first stage of our lives, we develop and grow, reaching toward the top of physical vitality (活力,生气). after we grow up, however, the body begins a process of gradually wearing out.a new awareness of physical fitness may help lengthen our years of health and vitality, yet nothing we do will work to stop the unavoidable force of aging.most of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body. the lungs become less able to take in oxygen. powerful muscles gradually lose their strength. the heart loses power and pumps less blood. bones grow easier to break. finally, we meet a stress, a stress that is greater than our physical resistance. often, it is only a minor accident or chance infection (a disease caused by virus), but this time, it brings life to an end. in 1932, a classic experiment nearly doubled the lifetime of rats, simply by cutting back the calories in their diet. the reason for the effect was then unknown.for the first time, the mystery of why we age is being seriously challenged. scientists in many fields are now making striking and far-reaching discoveries.an average lifetime lasts 75 years, yet in each of us lies a potential for a longer life. if we could keep the vitality and resistance to disease that we have at age twenty, we would live for 800 years.31. what does the underlined word “it” refer to?a. physical vitality.b. stress.c. aging.d. physical resistance.【答案】b【解析】词义猜测题。根据finally, we meet a stress, a stress that is greater than our physical resistance. often, it is only a minor accident or chance infection (a disease caused by virus), but this time这段主要谈论的是压力，故选b。32. which of the following is not a change of aging?a. people gradually lose their muscle strength.b. bones tend to break more easily.c. the heart loses power and pumps less blood. d. the lungs become unable to take in oxygen. 【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据the lungs become less able to take in oxygen.这个是年龄的问题，故选d。33. the author believes the following except that _.a. humans life pattern is predictableb. physical fitness cant stop the force of agingc. humans lifetime will last longer than 75 yearsd. all of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据most of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body.选项d与本句不符，故选d。34. how did dr. paul seagle lengthen the lifetime of rats in his experiment?a. by keeping their physical fitness. b. by cutting the calories in their diet.c. by resetting their clock of aging. d. by limiting the protein in their diet.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据an average lifetime lasts 75 years, yet in each of us lies a potential for a longer life. 通过限制饮食中蛋白质含量。故选d。35. what is probably the best title for the article? a. two great experimentsb. the mystery of human lifec. the breakthrough in the study of agingd. ways to lengthen human life【答案】c【解析】标题归纳题。根据we do will work to stop the unavoidable force of aging.对于人逐渐变老的研究，故选c。cthe pacific island nation of nauru used to be a beautiful place. now it is an ecological disaster area. naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequence other countries might learn from its mistakes. however, because it was very remote, nauru had little communication with europeans at first. the whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. these elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. a ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900. naurus real troubles began in 1899 when a british mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐)on the island. in fact, it found that the island of nauru was nearly all phosphate, which was a very important fertilizer for farming. the company began mining the phosphate. a phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. when a company strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. then it takes away the material it wants. strip mining totally destroys the land. gradually, the lovely island of nauru started to look like the moon. in 1968, nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate. unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. in addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. soon people realized that they had a terrible problem their phosphate was running out. ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. by 2000, nauru was financially ruined. experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. this will probably never happen. 36. what might be the authors purpose in writing the text?a. to seek help for naurus problems.b. to tell a heartbreaking story of a war.c. to show the importance of money d. to give a warning to other countries 【答案】d【解析】写作意图题。根据naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequence other countries might learn from its mistakes.目的想给这些做法或想法的其他的国家一警告，故选d。37. what was nauru like before the europeans came?a. peaceful and attractiveb. modern and openc. rich and powerfuld. greedy and aggressive【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据the pacific island nation of nauru used to be a beautiful place过去是一个和平吸引人的美丽的地方，故选a。38. the ecological disaster in nauru resulted from _. a. soil pollutionb. phosphate overmining c. farming activity d. whale hunting 【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据their phosphate was running out. ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. 磷酸盐的过度开采，故选b。39. which of the following was a cause of naurus financial problem?a. its phosphate mining cost much moneyb. it spent too much repairing the island c. its leaders misused the moneyd. it lost millions of dollars in the civil war.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据the leaders invested the money unwisely领导者的滥用资金，故选c。40. what can we learn about nauru from the last paragraph?a. the leaders will take the experts words seriously. b. the ecological damage is difficult to repair. c. the island was abandoned by the nauruans d. the phosphate mines were destroyed 【答案】b【解析】推理判断题。根据experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. this will probably never happen. 生态破坏很难修复，故选b。dwe lived in a very quiet neighborhood. one evening i heard a loud crash in the street. earlier that evening my wife had asked me to go to the store to get some soft drinks. it seemed like this would be a good time to let my teenage daughter holly practice her driving, so i sent her to the store in my truck. after hearing the loud noise, the whole family ran outside. my son shouted, “dad! dad, holloy crashed your truck.” my heart sank and my mind was flooded with conflicting thoughts. was anyone hurt? who else was involved? as i ran to the door, i heard a voice in my heart say, “here is a chance to show holly what you really love. shell never forget it.” the accident had occurred in my own driveway. holly had crashed my truck into our other vehicle, the family van (搬运车). in her inexperience, she had confused the brakes and the gas pedal. holly was unhurt physically, but when i reached her, she was crying and saying, “oh, dad, im sorry. i know how much you love this truck.” i held her in my arms as she cried. later that week a friend stopped by and asked what had happened to my truck. i told her the whole story. her eyes moistened and she said, “that happened to me when i was a girl. i borrowed my dads car and ran into a log that had fallen across the road. i ruined the car. when i got home my dad knocked me to the ground and began to kick me.” over 40 years later, she still felt the pain of the night. it was a deep wound on her soul. i remember how sad holly was the night she crashed our truck, and how i comforted her. one day, when holly thinks back on her life, i want her to know that i love her a thousand times more than any piece of property. i repaired the van, but the dent (凹痕) in my truck is still there today. every day it reminds me of what really matters in my life.41. which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? a. all is well that ends well b. how to educate children c. what really mattersd. he who makes no mistakes makes nothing【答案】c【解析】标题归纳题。根据every day it reminds me of what really matters in my life.什么是重要的，故选c。42. according to the passage, the underlined word “moistened” can be replaced by “_ ”.a. were closed b. lit up c. were wide open d. became wet 【答案】d【解析】词义