【步步高】高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Challenging Yourself Ⅲ同步导学 重大版选修6(1).docVIP

【步步高】2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 5 challenging yourself 同步导学 重大版选修6.重点单词识记1frustration /frstrein/ n挫折；受挫的状态2oppression /pren/ n压迫3. reveal /rivil/ vt.揭露；泄露4dignity /dinti/ n尊严；高贵；端庄5invisible /invizbl/ adj.看不见的；无形的6undergo /nd/ vt.经过；经历7miserable /mizrbl/ adj.痛苦的；可怜的8scatter /skt/ vi.散开；消散9shelter /elt/ n掩蔽处；住所10arrest /rest/ n/vt.逮捕；拘留11injustice /indstis/ n不公平；不公正justice n正直；公平12jokingly /dkili/ adv.开玩笑地；打趣地halfjokingly adv.半开玩笑地joking adj.开玩笑的joke n玩笑13resist /rizist/ vi./vt.抵(反)抗，抵制resistance n反抗；抵抗；抵抗力14instruction /instrkn/ n用法说明；指示instruct vt.指导；命令15detached/dittt/ adj.超然的；冷漠的；分离的detach v分开；分离；摆脱16fascinating /fsineiti/ adj.迷人的，有极大吸引力的fascinated adj.着迷的；被深深吸引的17freshly /freli/ adv.新近；刚刚fresh adj.新的；刚来的18imprisonment /impriznmnt/ n监禁，下狱prison n监狱prisoner n犯人.重点短语识记1rise up起来反抗2live out sth.(以某种方式)度过余生；实践3stand up for支持4be addressed as被称作5wind ones way蜿蜒前进；逶迤前进6bring down降低；压低7be detached from与分开；对漠然置之8look up向上看；仰望9do good (to).有益于；对有好处10cry at哭泣；为哭泣11safe from.不遭受12pick oneself up站起来(尤指跌倒后).经典原句默写与背诵1with this faith we will be able to work together，to pray together，to struggle together，to go to jail together，to stand up for freedom together，knowing that we will be free one day.怀着这个信念，我们将能一起工作，一起祈祷，一起奋斗，一起坐牢，一起维护自由，因为我们知道，终有一天，我们将获得自由。2but when i came downstairs he was dressed，sitting by the fire，looking a very sick and miserable boy of nine years.但是当我下楼的时候，他穿着衣服，坐在火炉旁边，看着一个九岁的病得非常厉害而且很可怜的小男孩。3“about what time do you think im going to die？” he asked.“你认为我什么时候会死？”他问。4he was just passing a cigar store，when he saw a welldressed man go in，leaving his silk umbrella at the entrance.当他路过一家雪茄店的时候，看见一个衣着得体的男士走了进去，那人把一把丝绸雨伞放在了门口。1id prefer not to meet him for various reasons.(vary)2how should we involve ourselves in school life? (involvement)3there has been a lot of resistance to this new law.(resist)4a hand roughly pushed him aside.(rough)5we had barely enough money to last through the weekend.(bare)6all the students present at the meeting were fascinated by his ideas.(fascinating)7it is evident to us that he didnt tell the truth yesterday.(evidently)8we got there by driving slowly all the way.(slow)9when i mentioned her name everyone was very curious.(curiously)10theres been no fresh news of the fighting since yesterday.(freshly)1 resist doing抵制做resist the temptation抵制诱惑cant resist doing.忍不住做be resistant to耐的；对有抵抗力的she cannot resist giving him advice.她忍不住给他提建议。students should resist the temptation to focus on exams alone.学生们应当抵制诱惑，集中精力备考。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)i couldnt resist telling(tell) him the secret.(2)he was unable to resist the temptation(tempt) of taking the wallet.2 gaze at 凝视，注视gaze into space注视着前方she gazed at the picture in amazement.她惊异地注视着那幅画。he sat for hours just gazing into space.他一连几个小时坐在那里注视着前方。词义辨析gaze at，glance at，stare at，glare at(1)gaze at“凝视，注视”，表示出于惊讶、兴趣、憧憬等久久地凝视。(2)glance at“瞥见，匆匆一看”，强调动作，看的时间短暂。(3)stare at“盯着看”，指长时间盯着，有羡慕或惊奇的意思。(4)glare at“怒视”，指怒目而视，有敌对情绪。夯实基础用gaze at，glance at，stare at，glare at的适当形式填空(1)he glanced at the watch and then stared at me，saying that i was lying to him.(2)he glared at the naughty children.(3)its rude to stare at foreigners.(4)she lay back on the sand and gazed at the stars above.3 sth.occurs to sb.某人突然想起；某人发生某事it occurs to sb.that./to do.某人突然想起the crash occurred only minutes after the plane took off.空难在飞机起飞几分钟后就发生了。思考表示“某人想起”的短语还有：sth.strike/hit sb.，sb.hit/strike on sth.，e to sb.等。夯实基础一句多译我想起了一个主意。(1)an idea occurred to/struck/hit me.(2)an idea came into my mind.(3)i hit/struck on an idea.单项填空1the exhibition gave those artists a chance to their works.adisplay bdismisscdisturb ddispute答案a解析句意为：展览会给那些艺术家们一个展示他们作品的机会。display展出，展示，符合句意。dismiss不予考虑，解散；disturb打扰，扰乱；dispute对表示异议，争执。2she was on a diet，but she couldnt eating sweet food.consequently，her weight was gained again.aremove bresistcreject dobject答案b解析cant/couldnt resist doing.忍不住做。3with these years development，china will be into an advanced industrial country.atranslated btransplantedctransported dtransformed答案d解析transform意为“使改观；使转变”，句中要表达的是“中国将转变成为一个先进的工业化国家”。而translate表示“翻译”；transplant意为“移植”；transport意为“传送，运输”，均不符合语境。故正确答案为d。4the local authorities had given the instruction that all the old buildings there pulled down.ahave to be bwill becbe dmust be答案c解析instruction后跟that引导的同位语从句时，谓语动词用(should) do形式。5he wondered if he could out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing him.aslip bsneakcslide dgo答案c解析slide out of the lecture hall悄悄走出演讲大厅。6after a quick at the patient，the doctor rang for an ambulance.aglance bglarecgaze dstare答案a解析句意为：在看了病人一眼之后，医生打电话叫了救护车。glance扫视，匆匆一看，一瞥。7he me by wrist before i could run away.aknocked；the bheld；mycseized；the dcaught；my答案c解析句意为：我还没有来得及跑开就被他抓住了手腕。“seize/hold/catch/beat/pat/.sb.by/in/onthe名词(表示身体部位)”为固定搭配。8when she was ，the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter.aarranged barrestedcarrived darisen答案b解析句意为：当她被捕时，侦探才发现这个店员就是她女儿。arrest逮捕，符合句意。arrange安排；arrive到达；arise出现。.汉译英1我们必须学会冷静明智地处理矛盾。(handle)(2012江苏书面表达)we must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely.2你当时没想到他在撒谎吗？(occur)didnt it occur to you that he was lying?1all your friends will stand up for you.2the boy took apart the toy car，but couldnt put it together again.3although human evolution has sped up in the past 10,000 years，we are changing our environment faster still.4in spite of poor health，he is always cheerful.5the ship went down and at last went out of sight.6the scientist is doing an experiment that so far no one has attempted.7follow these tips and keep your family safe from expired food!8i set about learning english when i was five years old.1 live up to不辜负；履行；符合live with忍受，容忍live on sth.以为生live through经历the money enabled them to live out their dreams.这笔钱可以使他们实现自己的梦想。he was a man who lived up to his promise.他是个从不背信弃义的人。夯实基础用适当的介、副词填空(1)you have to learn to live with stress.(2)he finally lived out his dream to college.(3)small birds live mainly on insects.(4)he has lived through two world wars.2 set off出发，启程；使爆炸，引起爆炸；引起；导致set out to do sth.着手做某事(be) set in 以为背景set up建立，创立；树立set sb.an example/set an example to sb.为某人树立榜样the novel is set in prewar germany.这部小说以战前的德国为背景。his joke set off a long time of laughing.他的笑话引起了长时间的笑声。夯实基础选词填空(1)we need to set about finding a solution.(2)he set an example to us in study.(3)i will set off for work.(4)jacquelines own publishing firm was set up eventually.(5)the novel is set in 18th century paris.单项填空1many countries are faced with the problem about how to economic development.aturn up bspeed upcget up dstay up答案b解析句意为：许多国家面临着如何加速经济发展的问题。turn up出现，到场；speed up(使)加速；get up起床；stay up熬夜，迟睡。2ive seen her perform on television，but never .ain person bin fleshcby person din the flesh答案d解析句意为：我在电视上看到过她的表演，但从未见过她本人。in the flesh本人。3phelps was by his mother after his parents divorced when he was young.abrought in bbrought aboutcbrought up dbrought out答案c解析句意为：phelps是由他的母亲抚养大的，在他很小的时候父母就离婚了。bring up抚养，养育，符合句意。4the villagers collected money to set up a monument those who died in the great earthquake.ain charge of bin place ofcin need of din honour of答案d解析句意为：村民们集资建起一个纪念馆纪念那些在大地震中死去的人们。in honour of纪念。5then you usually lay there just the ceiling，thinking about everything that could go wrong.aglancing at bwatching atcglaring at dstaring at答案d解析句意为：那时你通常躺在那儿，盯着天花板思考问题出在哪里。stare at凝视，盯着看，符合句意。glance at瞥一眼；watch注视，观看，是及物动词；glare at怒视。6he to do his homework the moment he got home.aset up bset outcset about dset in答案b解析set out to do sth.着手做某事。7has your proposal been accepted?i dont know，but the headmaster said that he would it .athink；out bthink；overcthink；up dthink；back答案b解析答语句意为：我不知道，但是校长说他会慎重考虑它。think over仔细考虑，符合句意。.汉译英1这个星期四，她坐着轮椅回来给我们上课。(return to)(2011北京情景作文)this thursday she returned to the class on a wheelchair to give us lessons.2我今天在城里看见我的老朋友了。(catch sight of)i caught sight of my old friend in town today.完成句子(1)what they need(他们需要的) is a good textbook.(2)i still remember when i first met him(我第一次见他的时候)(3)i dont know whether he will come or not(他是否会来)(4)whoever comes to the party(无论谁来参加晚会) will be welcome.(5)how he found out the truth(他如何发现真相的)remains unknown.用that，when，whether完成下列句子(1)the fact is that he didnt come at all.(2)the question is whether people will take action to save our earth.(3)im very glad to hear the news that you won the first prize.(4)i have no idea when/whether he left.(5)word came that a high official would come to inspect our school.1 (1)“介词关系代词”中的介词可以是固定短语的一部分，也可以是短语介词(如：in front of，at the back of，on top of，in the middle of)；它可以表示“所有”关系，也可以表示“部分与整体”的关系。(2)关系副词可以改为“介词which”。whereat/in/from/to.which；whenin/at/on/during.which；whyfor whichthey arrived at a farmhouse，in front of which sat a small boy.他们到达了一所农舍，农舍前坐着一个小男孩。the day on which i was born was august 1,1997.我出生的那天是1997年8月1日。夯实基础she showed the visitors around the museum，the construction of which had taken more than three years(其建造已耗时三年多)2 (1)would rather do.than do.宁愿也不愿(2)“would rather动词原形”是英语中常见的一个句式，意为“宁可；宁愿；最好”。所带的宾语从句，其谓语用虚拟语气：表示一个现在或将来的愿望，谓语用一般过去时；表示一个过去的愿望，谓语用过去完成时。(3)other than除了，除以外，常用于否定句中，相当于except，but等。(4)rather than 宁可也不；而不是；与其倒不如，用于连接两个并列成分。(5)prefer to do.rather than do.宁愿而不愿(6)or rather更确切地说id rather work in the countryside.我宁可在农村工作。i decided to write rather than (to) telephone.我决定写信而不是打电话。夯实基础(1)id rather you came tomorrow(你明天来)(2)用所给词的适当形式填空he would rather give(give) lectures to the students than be invited(invite) to different boring conferences.3 on the opposite side of the street was a small cheap restaurant.在街道的对面有一个便宜的小餐馆。完全倒装常出现在下列两种情况中：(1)表示地点的介词短语放在句首，且主语为名词时，用完全倒装形式。(2)某些副词(here，there，in，out，away，up，down，away，off，now，then等)放在句首，且主语为名词时，要用完全倒装形式。in front of the village runs a babbling stream.村前流淌着一条潺潺的小溪。down come all of you.你们都下来。夯实基础把下列句子改为倒装句(1)the sound of music came from the window.from the window came the sound of music.(2)the crowd went away one by one.away went the crowd one by one.(3)mary was sitting among the guests.among the guests was sitting mary.单项填空1its the test system， the teachers，that is to blame for the heavy burden of middle school students.aother than bor rathercrather than dmore than答案c解析other than除了；or rather更确切地说，倒不如说；rather than而不是；more than多于，超过，不仅仅。句意为：是考试制度而不是教师们应对当前中学生课业负担过重的问题负责。2when i got home last night，i was frightened to find that in front of my door .awas seated a large dogbsat a large dogca large dog was seatedddid a large dog sit答案b解析表示方位的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词，应用全部倒装。3at the foot of the mountain .aa village lies blies a villagecdoes a village lie dlying a village答案b解析本题考查表示地点的介词短语位于句首，句子用完全倒装的用法。注意主语与谓语的一致性。4mike，youve got a “d” in physics. ？well.i find the subject hard and i think ill drop it for history next term.awhat if bhow comecwhy not dso what答案b解析what if要是怎么办？how come.？是怎么回事？why not？为什么不呢？so what？那又怎么样呢？只有b项符合语境。.汉译英1她不会想到会有一个大大的惊喜在等着她。(would have done)(2012陕西书面表达)she would have never thought a complete surprise was waiting for her.2故事讲的是sam第一次住寄宿学校的感觉。(what)(2011广东读写任务)the story is about what sam felt about his first boarding school life.3我开始认识到了同学们的力量，并让他们做好课堂上该做的事。(have sb.do)(2011湖北短文写作)thus i began to recognize the strengths of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class.1the children， had played the whole day long，were worn out.(2013浙江，5)aall of what ball of whichcall of them dall of whom答案d解析考查定语从句。先行词为children，故排除a、b两项；all of them不能构成定语从句。d项中whom为关系代词，指代前面的children，故答案为d项。2not once to michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.(2013湖南，35)aoccurred it bit did occurcit occurred ddid it occur答案d解析考查倒装的用法。句意为：迈克尔成为班里第一名的情况一次也没有发生过。否定词not置于句首，句子要用部分倒装。3evidence has been found through years of study childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.(2012重庆，34)awhy bhowcwhether dthat答案d解析句意为：经过多年的研究，证据已经被找到，孩子们的早期睡眠问题在长大后可能会继续。分析题意可知“childrens early sleeping problems are.grow up”是evidence的同位语，而从句中不缺少句子成分，故用that引导该同位语从句。4at school，some students are active some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another.(2012四川，4)awhile balthoughcso das答案a解析考查并列连词。句意为：在学校，一些学生很活跃而一些却很害羞，然而他们都可能彼此成为好朋友。根据句意选while，表示两个分句中两种情况的对比。5it suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.(2012江西，25)awhether bwherecwhich dthat答案d解析it occurs/occurred to sb. that.某人想到/想起。it是形式主语，主语从句成分完整，不能用连接代词which引导，whether与where不符合句意。故选d项。6armed with the information you have gathered, you can preparing your business plan.(2012浙江，15)aset out bset aboutcset off dset up答案b解析句意为：有你所收集的这些信息，你可以着手准备你的商业计划了。set about doing sth.开始做，着手做，符合句意。set out to do sth.着手；set off出发；set up建立，均不符合语境，故排除。7i made a promise to myself this year，my first year in high school，would be different.(2012浙江，4)awhether bwhat cthat dhow答案c解析that引导同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，补充说明同位语promise的内容。8they are broadening the bridge to the flow of traffic.(2011山东，25)aput off bspeed upcturn on dwork out答案b解析句意为：他们正拓宽桥面来加快车流速度。put off推迟，推延；speed up加快速度；turn on打开，接通，取决于；work out算出，弄懂，产生结果。由题干中的关键信息broadening和the flow of traffic可知此处填speed up加快速度。9had she her promise，she would have made it to yale university.(2010湖北，29)alooked up to blived up tockept up with dcome up with答案b解析句意为：如果她不辜负自己的诺言，她就会考上耶鲁大学。look up to尊敬，敬仰；live up to实践，做到，不辜负；keep up with赶上；come up with提出，想出。10so far we have done a lot to build a lowcarbon economy，but it is ideal.we have to work still harder.(2010江苏，29)anext to bfar fromcout of ddue to答案b解析句意为：到目前为止，为了建立低碳经济，我们已经做了很多，但这还远远不够理想，我们仍需进一步努力。next to靠近；far from远远不；out of脱离；due to由于。.单项填空1he accidentally let out he had quarreled with his wife and he hadnt been home for a couple of weeks.awhat；that bthat；/c/；that d/；/答案c解析考查宾语从句中that的省略问题。let out后接了两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个从句中的that可省略，后面的that不可省略。2this photo of mine was taken stood the famous high tower.awhich bin whichcwhere dthere答案c解析 where引导的从句在句中作地点状语，并且where在状语从句的句首引起倒装。3he must have finished the work by the end of last month， he?amustnt bhadntcdidnt dhasnt答案b解析主句的时间状语by the end of last month是过去完成时的时间状语，故选b项。4we already have pencils，but we need two pens.adozen of；dozenbdozens of；dozenscdozens of；dozenddozens of；dozen of答案c解析当dozen与具体数字连用时，既不加复数词尾s，也不后接介词of。5was it in the factory you worked five years ago you learned the technique?athat；where bwhere；whencwhere；where dwhere；that答案d解析从整个句子来分析，本题的主干是was it in the factory you learned the technique？这一强调结构，you worked five years ago 是定语从句，限定the factory。6although the causes of cancer ，we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.aare being uncoveredbhave been uncoveringcare uncoveringdhave uncovered答案a解析因为句子的主语the causes of cancer与谓语uncover 是被动关系，因此用被动结构。7she found a lot of were .apassersby；grownupsbpassersbys；grownsupcpassersbys；grown upsdpassersby；growns up答案a解析考查合成词的用法。复数在表示中心意思的词上变化。passerby过路人，复数为passersby；grownup成年人，复数为grownups。8at the age of twenty，steve left his hometown， to return without making his mark.adetermining not bnot determinedcdetermined not dnot determining答案c解析此处为形容词短语作状语表伴随。9a poet and artist coming to speak to us about chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.ais barecwas dwere答案a解析从tomorrow afternoon判断，此处用现在进行时表将来，a poet and artist 指一个人。10the robber robbed .ahim of his gold ringbhis gold ring chis gold ring from himdhim his gold ring答案a解析考查固定短语rob sb./sp. of sth.抢某人/某地的某物。.阅读理解afor many years，hawaii has been a magic name to people who like to travel.people on both sides of the pacific ocean，in japan and in america，dream of seeing these beautiful islands in the middle of the ocean.their dreams always include at least one scene of a sunset over the ocean.in the tropical(热带的) lands，the sun drops，like a ball of golden fire，into the sea，and it drops so quickly that you can almost see it move.the sun leaves behind a glow that lights the skies and shines in the quiet water.people often have a quiet，peaceful timeperfect for a leisurely(悠闲的) walk along the water.this scene i