定语从句复习与探究.ppt

定语从句复习与探究 江苏省盱眙中学何良东 定语从句定义 用来修饰限定名词或代词的从句 从句的位置 在名词 普通和抽象 或代词后 先行词 引导词 引导定语从句的词关系代词关系副词 引导词的作用 思考 定语从句中会出现不缺少成份的情况吗 主干知识回顾 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 1 引导定语从句 2 在从句中充当某一成份 关系代词和关系副词的功能初体验 齐声朗读 关系代词和关系副词如何区别 1 Thereason hemissedthespeechisthatheforgotthetime 2 Thereason hegaveussoundedreasonable 3 I llneverforgettheday wespenttogetherinParis 4 I llremembertheday westayedtogetheratthattime 5 Thisisthefactory wevisitedlastyear 6 Thisisthehouse Lincolnoncelived 结论 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他们在从句中充当什么成份而定 关系代词放到从句中是作主语 宾语 关系副词作状语 why that which that which when that which where 1 1 Hestilllivesintheroom windowfacestothesouth 2 Hestilllivesintheroom isinthenorthofthecity whose which 2 1 Iwillneverforgetthedays westudiedtogether 2 Iwillneverforgetthedays wespenttogether when that 3 1 Thereason hedidn tcomewasthathewasill 2 Thereason heexplainedisnottrue why that 4 1 Wewillmeetatthesameplace wemetlastmonth 2 Wewillmeetatthesameplace wevisitedlastmonth where as that 小试牛刀 一 which that 先行词为物 有区别吗 1 只用that不用which的情况 1 先行词为much little few nothing none anything no all等不定代词 2 先行词既是人又是物 3 先行词为形容词的最高级或序数词 4 先行词被thevery theonly thelast any every who等修饰时 Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone Hespokeofthethingsandpersonsthathehadseenabroad ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor 5 关系代词在从句中作表语时 Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe ThisisoneofthebestfilmsthatIhaveeverseen 难点突破 只能用which的情况 2 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时只能用which 1 Themachine whichIhavelookedafterformanyyears isstillworkingperfectly 2 Shefailedtheexam whichmadeherparentsvaryangry 3 Hesawafilm whichwasabouttheLongMarch 4 Myglasses withoutwhichIwaslikeablindman felltothegroundandbroke 1 介词前置时关系代词只能用which 先行词为物 Remember Which在这两种情况下即使在句中作宾语也不能省 难点突破二 As也可以用来引导定语从句 1 Heisnotsuchamanasonlythinkofhimself 2 IshouldliketousethesamepenasIusedyesterday 3 Suchproblemsasareoftenmentionedshouldbesolved 4 Iwillreadasmanybooksasarerequired 5 Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift 当先行词与as so such thesame连用或先行词本身是such thesame时 关系代词用as As在从句中作主语 宾语或表语 难点突破三 as which引导非限制性定语从句有什么不同吗 1 which先行词可以是名词或句子 as先行词只能是句子 不可以是名词 1 Themeeting whichwasheldinthepark wasagreatsuccess 2 Allthebooks whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem werewrittenbyhim 2 which和as都可代替整个句子的意思 但which引导的从句不放句首 1 Cruso sdogbecameillanddied whichmadehimverylonely 2 Asweexpected Ourfootballteamlostthematchagain 3 as引导的从句有 正如 就象 由 而知 等含义 1 TaiwanisapartofChina asisknowntousall 2 Sheisverycareful asherworkshows 3 Theladyisverylearned asissaidinthebook 难点突破四 介词 关系代词 先行词为人 关系代词用whom 先行词为物 关系代词用which 关系代词在介词后不能用that 关系代词也不能省 如介词放在句尾 引导词可用that或who 而且可省去 关系代词和关系副词可转换 where when why 介词 which 1 Thisisthereason helefthishometown why 2 I llneverforgettheday westayedtogether when 3 Thisisthegirl Ilearnedthenews 4 Theperson IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout 5 I llshowyouastore youmaybuyallthatyouneed where 6 Idon tliketheway youlaughedather that forwhich onwhich fromwhom towhom inwhich fromwhich 难点解析 关系代词作介词宾语的几种结构 1 介词 whom which Thewomangeneralstillrememberthedayonwhichshejoinedthearmy 2 介词短语 which whom Thefishermanlivedinasmallhouseinfrontofwhichliesawell 3 不定代词或数词 which whom Therearemanybookshere noneofwhichbelongstome Chinahasalotoffamouswriters oneofwhomisLuxun 4 名词 ofwhich Shementionedamagazine thetitleofwhichIhaveforgotten 初露锋芒 1 Hepaidtheboy 10forwashingtenwindows mostof hadnotbeencleanedforatleastoneyear 2 Inthedarkstreet therewasnotasingleperson shecouldturnforhelp 3 Chinahasalotofislands thelargest isTaiwan 4 Theoldladyhadonesonandtwodaughters treatedherwell madeherverysad 5 Therearefortystudentsinourclass 20aregirls therestareboys which to whom of which none of whom which of whom 难点突破五 非限制性定语从句 定语从句有限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种 非限制性定语从句要注意以下几点 举例说明 1 Hismother whomheloveddearly wentabroad 2 Thismachine whichhehaslookedafterformanyyears isstillworkingperfectly 3 Aqiao whoseparentshaddied hadtomakealivingbyherself 4 Thefamily wholivedupstairs arefondofmusic 说明 非限制性定语不能用that引导 作宾语用的关系代词不能省 要用逗号隔开 定语从句和其它句型的转换 1 定语从句和非谓语动词 1 TherearelotsofgoodEnglishprogrammeswhicharebroadcastonTVortheradioinChina TherearelotsofgoodEnglishprogrammes onTVortheradioinChina 2 AtonetimetherewerelongqueuesofpeoplewhowerewaitingoutsidetheCAACoffices Atonetimetherewerelongqueuesofpeople outsidetheCAACoffices 分析基本规律 从句是主动形式 用现在分词 从句是被动形式 用过去分词 或者看定语和被修饰词之间的关系 如果定语和被修饰词之间是主谓关系 用现在分词 如果定语和被修饰词之间是动宾关系 用过去分词 broadcast waiting 延伸拓展 2 定语从句和并列句1 Isawsometrees andtheleavesofthetreeswereblackwithdisease Isawsometrees theleavesof wereblackwithdisease 2 Theprofessorisanordinary lookinglittleman onthenoseof thereisapairofglasses3 TheWorldTradeOrganization WTO finallyopeneditsdoortoChinaonNovember10 a15 yearwait A toendB endedC endingD ends 分析 是否有并列连词是区分定语从句和并列句的一个关键 which whom C 3 定语从句和状语从句 1 Thisissuchabigstone noonecanliftit Thisissuchabigstone noonecanlift 2 Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawer hecaneasilyfindit where Pleaseputtheletter hecaneasilyfindit 3 Pleaseputtheletterinwhichhecaneasilyfindit 这句子正确吗 分析 1 句从引导词来看 状语从句中的that是连词 在从句中不充当任何成分 而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分 主语 宾语或表语 that as inwhich where 4 定语从句和名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句和表语从句 1 Hedidall that hecouldtohelpme 2 Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone 3 isknowntousall theearthturnsroundthesun Itisknowntousall TaiwanbelongstoChina 4 isknowntousallisthattheearthissmallerthanthesun 5 isknowntousallthattheearthissmallerthanthesun As that What It what what 5 定语从句和同位语从句 1 Thenews ourvolleyballteamwonthematchmadeusexcited 2 Thenews hetoldmeyesterdayisexciting 3 Theproblem weshouldanswerfortheaccidentiscleartoyou 4 Theproblem heaskedmetosolveishardtosolve 分析 that引导同位语从句 在从句中不充当任成份 并且引导的句子是说明前一名词的内容 that在从句中不可省去 也不可用which替代 That which引导定语从句 在从句中充当成份 作宾语时可省去 从句起说明主句性质和特征的作用 that that which that that which 课堂小结 定语从句的概念及引导词的作用关系代词与关系副词的区分which与that as与which的区别关系代词作介词宾语的几种结构定语从句与其他句型结构的转换 三年高考真题体验 2012 1 2012北京卷26 Whendeeplyabsorbedinwork heoftenwas hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping A thatB whichC whereD when2 2012山东卷23 Mariahaswrittentwonovels bothof havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries A themB thatC whichD what3 2012江苏卷22 Aftertheflooding peopleweresufferinginthatarea urgentlyneededcleanwater medicineandsheltertosurvive A whichB whoC whereD what4 2012全国卷2第8题 Thatevening Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater Iendedupworkingverylate A thatB whichC whatD when5 2012上海卷35 Haveyousentthank younotestotherelativesfrom youreceivedgifts A whichB themC thatD whom B C B B D 三年高考真题体验 2013 1 2013山东卷 Thereisnosimpleanswer isoftenthecaseinscience A asB thatC whenD where2 2013山东卷 Finallyhereachedalonelyisland wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld A whenB whereC whichD whom3 2013全国卷大纲版 WhenIarrived Bryantookmetoseethehouse Iwouldbestaying A whatB whenC whereD which4 2013江苏卷 ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood A whereB whichC whatD when5 2013北京卷 Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks animalsandplantscanbeprotected A whenB whichC whoseD where A C A B D 三年高考真题体验 2014 1 2014安徽卷 TheexactyearAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008 A WhenB whereC whyD which2 2014北京卷 IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek myclassmatesrecommendedtome A whoB whichC whenD Where3 2014江苏卷 Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication especiallyatwork agoodimpressionisamust A whichB whenC asD where4 2014湖南卷 1amlookingforwardtothedaymydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher A asB whyC whenD where5 2014山东卷 Acompany profitsfromhomemarketsaredeclin