高考英语 阅读理解抓分练习精品题（18）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习精品（18）及答案第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。apeople in the united states honor their parents with 2 special days: mothers day on the second sunday in may and fathers day on the 3rd sunday in june. these days are to show love and respect for parents. they raise their children and educate them to be responsible citizens. they give love and care. these two days offer an opportunity to think about the changing roles of mothers and fathers. more mothers now work outside the home and more fathers must help with child-care.these two special days are celebrated in many different ways. on mothers day, people wear carnations (康乃馨). a red one symbolizes a living mother. a white one shows that the mother is dead. many people attend religious services to honor parents. its also a day when people whose parents are dead visit the cemetery (墓地). on these days families get together at home as well as in restaurants. they often have outdoor barbecues for fathers day. these are days of fun and good feelings and memories.another tradition is to give cards and gifts. children make them in school. many people make their own presents. these are more valued than those bought in stores. its not the value of the gift that is important, but “the thought” that counts. greeting card stores, florists, candy makers, bakers, phone companies and other stores do lots of business during these holidays.56which is not a reason for children to show love and respect for parents? a. parents bring up children. b. parents give love and care to children. c. parents educate children to be good persons.d. parents offer some opportunities to their children.57what can we learn from the passage? a. both festivals are in may. b. fewer women worked outside the home in the past. c. not all the children respect their parents.d. fathers are not as important as mothers at home.58on mothers day and fathers day _. a. people usually have family parties b. everyone goes to the cemetery c. children always go to parents homed. hand-made cards are the most valuable gifts【参考答案】36、 d. 细节判断题。由第一段可知。37、 b. 推理判断题。由第一段 “more mothers now work outside” 可知。38、 a. 细节再现题。由第二段 “on these days families” 可得知。1astronauts aboard the space station celebrated a space first on wednesday by drinking water that had been recycled from their urine and sweat and water that condenses from exhaled air. they said “cheers” ，clicked drinking bags and toasted nasa workers on the ground who were sipping their own version of recycled drinking water.the recycling system is needed for astronaut stations on the moon and mars. it also will save nasa money because it won t have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttle or cargo rockets.besides, it s important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six.the recycling system had been brought up to the space station last november by space shuttle endeavour, but it couldn t be used until samples were tested back on earth. so when it came time to actually drink up, nasa made a big deal of it. the threeman crew stood, holding their drinks and congratulated engineers in two nasa centers that worked on the system.“this is something that had been the stuff of science fiction，” barratt said before taking a small mouthful. “the taste is worth trying.”nasa deputy space shuttle manager leroy cain called it “a huge milestone”the new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet, moves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the vapor is collected. the rest of the urine is thrown away. the water vapor is mixed with water from air condensation, and then it goes through filters. when six crew members are aboard it can make about six gallons from urine in about six hours.“some people may find the idea of drinking recycled urine distasteful, but it is also done on earth with a lot longer time between urine and the tap”said marybeth edeen, the space stations national lab manager.the technology nasa developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 asian tsunami, edeen said.“we are happy to have this water work through the system we re happy to have it work through our systems，”barratt said.【文章大意概括】本文讲的是国际空间站宇航员试饮尿液循环水。1according to the text, the recycling system is important because_.a. it makes traveling to the moon for the common person possibleb. with it nasa won t need to ship any water up to the space stationc. it can help to meet the need for more water after the crew are expandedd. it protects the environment in space by reducing the amount of waste【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“its important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six”可知c项正确。【最佳选项】c2what is the right time order of the following events?a. the samples of the recycled water were tested on earth.b. astronauts celebrated the space first of making water from urine.c. the recycling system was brought up to the space station.d. the technology for the system was used to quickly purify water.a. a，d，c，b b. a，c，b，dc. d，a，c，b d. d，c，a，b【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“the technology nasa developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 asian tsunami”可知d发生最早。根据第三段的“ the recycling system had been brought up to the space station last november. couldn t be used until samples were tested back on earth”可知c发生在a的前面，因此d项正确。【最佳选项】d3from para. 6 we can know_.a. the theory behind the recycling systemb. the effect of the recycling systemc. the process of the recycling systemd. an opinion on the recycling system【详解剖析】段落概括题。该段主要讲述的是使用尿液循环系统将尿制成水的过程。【最佳选项】c4what did edeen say about recycled urine and the recycling system?a. the taste of recycled urine is not as good as common water.b. the recycling system has made a science fiction story come true.c. the idea of drinking recycled urine makes astronauts feel unpleasant.d. it takes a longer time on earth to make water from urine than in space.【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据第七段中的“with a lot onger time between urine and the tap”可知d项正确。【最佳选项】d5what is the best title for the passage?a. the research of nasa has made great progressb. new technology is used in the space stationc. drink up: space station recycles urine to waterd. good news: water recycled from urine tastes good【详解剖析】标题概括题。本文报道了国际空间站的宇航员试饮尿液循环水，“drink up”生动反映饮用时的情景，“space station recycles urine to watert”点明了制造技术。故c项最佳。【最佳选项】c长难句解读astronauts aboard the space station celebrated a space first on wednesday by drinking water that had been recycled from their urine and sweat and water that condenses from exhaled air.主句是：astronautscelebrated a space first on wednesday by drinking water.aboard the space station和that had been recycled from their urine and sweat and water充当定语分别修饰名词astronauts和water。阅读理解-bon saturday nights, a.j.coston doesnt get a lot of sleep. usually three or four times a night, a loud bell rings, a red light flashes, and he has to jump out of his bed. thats because hes a weekend volunteer firefighter（消防员）with loudoun county fire and rescue station 13 in northern virginia. during the week, he lives at home with his mom, dad and sister and does his main job which is going to high school.“i have always wanted to get into firefighting since i was a little kid watching fire trucks go by,” he says. “one day on the internet i noticed that loudoun county offered a junior firefighter program.” he was only 16, but he got it.fighting fires is dangerous work. firefighters never stop practicing the skills they need to stay safe. once coston learned those skills, he was allowed to work inside burning buildings.“teamwork is most important,” he says. “its the whole team that puts the fire out.”firefighters feel great about helping people. “my most unbelievable call was probably the time four kids were struck by lightning,” says coston. he will be off to college next fall, building on his dream job. “ill get my degree in emergency medical care. and then work in a fire and rescue company for a while. i want to be a flight doctor on a helicopter in the end, but i will never forget the days as a firefighter. these are my unforgettable experiences,” he says.59coston cant sleep well on saturday nights because _. a. he has to work part-time at weekends b. he has some sleeping problems c. he has to do his job as a volunteer firefighter d. he always worries that there may be a fire60what do we learn about coston from the passage? a. he doesnt like studying at school. b. he will go to college next year. c. he dreams to be a great hero one day. d. he is only sixteen years old.61all of the following are true expect that _.a. coston wanted to be a firefighter when he was a kid b. coston tried several times before he became a volunteer firefighter c. firefighters feel proud that they can help people d. firefighters have to practice skills all the time to stay safe59、 c. 细节再现题。由第一段第三行可知。60、 60、b. 推理判断题。由最后一段第二、三行可知。61、 b. 细节判断题。由第二段最后一句可知。1how room designs affect our work and feelingsarchitects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. but now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical (经验的，实证的) basis. they are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. in 2007, joan meyers-levy at the university of minnesota，reported that the height of a rooms ceiling affects how people think. her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.in addition to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupants ability to concentrate. nancy wells and her colleagues at cornell university found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to according to a study led by c. kenneth tanner, head of the school design & planning laboratory at the university of georgia. tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim(暗淡的) light helps people to loosen up. if that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. researchers of harvard medical school also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.so far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “we have a very limited number of studies, so were_almost_looking_at_the_problem_through_a_straw_(吸管)，” architect david allison says. “how do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? thats what were all struggling with.”【文章大意概括】建筑师认为房子的设计可影响居住者的思想、情绪、行为，对此科学家进行了理论上的论证。1. wha