高考英语二轮专题复习 单项填空 非谓语动词提分训练（真题集锦含解析）新人教版(1).doc

非谓语动词1.(2012重庆卷t23)to work overtime that evening, i missed a wonderful film.a.having been asked b.to ask c.having asked d.to be asked【解析】选a。考查非谓语动词。句意为:我那天晚上因为被要求加班而错过了一场精彩的电影。非谓语动词和逻辑主语i之间是被动关系,且所表达的动作发生在谓语动词missed之前,故应用现在分词的完成被动形式。having been asked既表被动,又表完成,在句中作原因状语; to ask表主动和目的; having asked表完成和主动; to be asked表被动和目的。故选a。2.(2012重庆卷t28)were having a meeting in half an hour. the decisionat the meeting will influence the future of our company.a.to be made b.being made c.made d.having been made【解析】选a。考查非谓语动词。句意为:我们半小时之后要开个会。在会上要做的这个决定将会影响我们公司的未来。由句意可知,非谓语动词作decision的定语。make和decision之间是被动关系,且是将来发生的动作,应用不定式的被动形式。to be made表被动和将来;being made表被动和进行;made表被动和完成;having been made表被动和完成,但一般不作定语。故选a。3.(2012重庆卷t31)before you quit your job,how your family would feel about your decision.a.consider b.considering c.to consider d.considered【解析】选a。考查祈使句。句意为:你在放弃工作之前,考虑一下你的家人对你的决定的看法。分析句子结构可知,before引导的是时间状语从句,其后是主句,主句中没有出现主语,说明这是一个祈使句,应用动词原形consider。故选a。4.(2012安徽卷t24)i remembered the door before i left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. a.locking b.to lock c.having lockedd.to have locked【解析】选b。考查非谓语动词。句意为:在离开办公室前我记住了关门,但是忘记了关灯。remember to do sth.意为“记住要去做某事”,remember doing sth.意为“记得以前做过某事”。本题是对发生在过去情况的客观陈述,根据but可知前后是互相对立的两件事情,即“记住了关门而忘记了关灯”,故选择b项。【误区警示】句型不重要,句意最关键(1)此题极易错选a项,理解成“记得做过某事”。(2)仔细分析句子可以看出,but是对前后两种情况的转折,即“记住了做某事但是忘记了做某事”。(3)熟练掌握短语remember to do sth.和remember doing sth.的含义。(4)出题人故意把a项设成locking,也是利用思维定势remember doing sth.诱使错选,因此仔细读懂句意才是做题的关键。5.(2012安徽卷t30)when for his views about his teaching job, philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.a.asking b.asked c.having asked d.to be asked【解析】选b。考查非谓语动词。句意为:当问到对教学工作的观点时,菲利普说他觉得既有趣又有意义。由于主句的主语是philip,是别人问philip,故应该使用过去分词。此题可以转化为when he was asked for his views about his teaching job.。6.(2012全国卷t28)the party will be held in the garden, weather.a.permittingb.to permit c.permitted d.permit【解析】选a。考查独立主格结构。句意:如果天气允许,晚会就在花园里举行。根据句子结构可知,此处weather permitting是独立主格结构,相当于if weather permits。【方法技巧】独立主格结构独立主格结构有以下几种情况:名词或代词+名词/形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式。其中,在“名词或代词+现在分词”中,名词或代词与后面的动词是主动关系,通常在句中作时间状语、条件状语、原因状语、伴随状语和方式状语。在“名词或代词+过去分词”中,名词或代词与后面的动词是被动关系,强调动作的被动和完成。在“名词或代词+动词不定式”中,名词或代词与后面的动词是动宾关系,强调动作未完成,通常作原因状语和伴随状语。例如:we walked along the street, the sun shining on us.我们走在大街上,太阳照耀着我们。everything done, we went home.一切都完成了,我们就回家了。lots of work to do, i have to stay up.由于有很多工作要做,我不得不熬夜。7.(2012全国卷t32) film has a much shorter history, especially whensuch art forms as music and painting.a.having compared to b.comparing to c.compare tod.compared to【解析】选d。考查非谓语动词。句意:电影和音乐、绘画这样的艺术相比,历史是较短的。此处film和compare之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词。when compared to such art forms as music and painting相当于when it is compared to such art forms as music and painting。8.(2012湖南卷t21)weve had a good start,but next,more work needs to achieve the final success.a.being done b.do c.to be done d.to do【解析】选c。考查非谓语动词。句意为:我们有一个好的开始,但是接下来,更多的工作还需要做,以实现最终的成功。need表“需要”后跟to be done或动词的-ing形式(主动形式表被动)且工作应该是被做,c项为to be done形式,符合题意。故选c。a项为现在分词的被动式,表进行、被动;b项为动词原形; d项为不定式,表将来的主动的动作。【误区警示】主动还是被动在英语学习中有许多地方用主动表被动,对许多同学来说是一个难点,特别是从翻译的角度去做题的时候很容易出错。要记住:need, want, require(要求,需要), deserve(应得,值得), be worth(值得)等词后面接doing主动表被动。9.(2012湖南卷t23) time, correctly,is money in the bank.a.to useb.used c.using d.use【解析】选b。考查非谓语动词。句意为:时间如果用得正确的话,就是存在银行里的钱。time与use构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式表被动。b项为过去分词形式,符合题意;a项为动词不定式; c项为现在分词形式;d项为动词原形。10.(2012湖南卷t31)the lecture, at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.a.startingb.being started c.to startd.to be started【解析】选a。考查非谓语动词。句意为:于昨晚七点开始的讲座之后是通过望远镜观察月亮。本题考查非谓语动词作定语,lecture与start构成逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式作定语。a项为现在分词形式,表主动,符合题意。b项为现在分词的被动式,表被动进行;c项为动词不定式,表将来未发生的动作;d项为不定式的被动式,表将来被动。11.(2012山东卷t26)george returned after the war, only that his wife had left him.a.to be toldb.telling c.being told d.told【解析】选a。考查非谓语动词。句意为:乔治战后归来,却被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。only to be told表示出乎意料的结果,george与tell之间是被动关系,用be told;telling中tell与george是主动关系,不符合逻辑关系;表示出乎意料的结果时only后面不接doing形式,c项不符合语法。故选a。【方法技巧】自然而然的结果用doing本句中only to be told that his wife had left him作结果状语,表示意料之外的结果。还有一类结果状语表示自然而然的结果,用doing结构,而不能用only to do结构。例如:there is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place.到处都是泥和积水,这使得到各地旅行很困难。(本句中making it difficult to travel from place to place作结果状语,表示前面发生的事情“到处都是泥和积水”所产生的自然而然的结果)。12.(2012山东卷t35) after completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope.a.providingb.provided c.having provided d.provide【解析】选b。考查非谓语动词。句意为:填完并签名后,请将表格装在提供的信封里返给我们。the envelope provided意为“提供的信封”,provided为过去分词作后置定语,与envelope是被动关系,相当于定语从句that/which is viding表示主动进行;having provided表示主动完成;provide是动词原形,在句中作谓语,不能作定语。13.(2012福建卷t28)china recently tightened its waters controls near the huangyan island to prevent chinese fishing boats from in the south china sea.a.attackingb.having attacked c.being attackedd.having been attacked【解析】选c。考查非谓语动词。句意为:中国最近加紧了对黄岩岛附近海域的控制以保护中国的渔船在南海海域不被袭击。 prevent. from doing保护免受,根据句意可知“保护渔船不被袭击”,故from后为being done。【误区警示】此题容易误选成a项。 prevent. from doing保护免受,from后多为v.-ing形式。但此题中,from后为“避免被”,所以要用v.-ing的被动形式。此类结构还有stop.from doing, keep. from doing等,在判断from后的分词形式时,一定要根据句意分清主动和被动。14.(2012福建卷t34)pressed from his parents, andthat he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.a.realizing b.realized c.to realize d.being realized【解析】选a。考查非谓语动词。句意为:迫于父母的压力,并且意识到他已经浪费了太多的时间,这个男孩子决定戒掉电子游戏。句子主语为the boy,the boy和realize 之间为主动关系,故排除b、d两项,to realize从时态上看表将来,不合题意,故选a。【方法技巧】分析非谓语动词两个步骤:第一步看语态,即分析主语和非谓语动词之间是主动还是被动关系,如果是主动关系用v.-ing形式,如果是被动关系则用v.-ed;第二步看时态,即分析非谓语动词的动作和主句动作发生的先后顺序。在表主动的时候,非谓语动词的动作先于主句动作发生用having done,同时发生用v.-ing;在表被动的时候,非谓语动词的动作先于主句动作发生用having been done,同时发生用being done。15.(2012全国卷t10)tony lent me the money,that id do as much for him.a.hoping b.to hope c.hoped d.having hoped【解析】选a。考查非谓语动词。句意:托尼把钱借给了我,希望我也为他做同样多的事。hoping为现在分词作状语,表示托尼借钱给我时的心理状态。【方法技巧】分清“伴随”还是“目的”类似hope, wonder这样的表示心理活动的动词,经常用它们的现在分词形式作伴随状语,如he looked at me, wondering whether i could help him or not.他看着我,想知道我是否能帮助他。16.(2012全国卷t15)the old man sat in front of the television every evening,happyanything that happened to be on.a.to watch b.watching c.watched d.to have watched【解析】选a。考查非谓语动词。句意:这位老人每天晚上坐在电视机前,高兴地看着正在发生的一切。happy为形容词,此处作伴随状语,表示老人的心态;做该题时,需想到的是be happy to do sth.。此时的不定式不能用to have done sth.,因为“看”不是一个先发生的动作;该题易误选watching,但是,如用watching作伴随状语,必须把happy改为happily,用来修饰watching。【误区警示】除表语、定语外,形容词也可作状语形容词也可作状语,表示主语的状态,如he came back, tired out but satisfied.他回来了,疲倦但是心满意足。he wrote me a letter, eager to get my reply. 他给我写了一封信,期望得到我的回复。17.(2012北京卷t23)one learns a language by making mistakes and them.a.corrects b.correct c.to correct d.correcting【解析】选d。考查非谓语动词。句意为:人们是在不断地犯错误并改正它们的过程中学习一门语言的。correcting them和making mistakes是并列的动名词短语,作介词by的宾语。18.(2012北京卷t27) with care,one tin will last for six weeks.a.use b.usingc.used d.to use【解析】选c。考查非谓语动词。句意为:如果小心使用,一罐可以持续六周。非谓语动词use和逻辑主语one tin之间是被动关系,应用过去分词表被动。19.(2012北京卷t31) at the door before you enter my room,please.a.knockb.knockingc.knockedd.to knock【解析】选a。考查祈使句。句意为:在你进我房间之前,请先敲门。分析句子结构可知,before引导的是时间状语从句,其前是主句,主句中没有出现主语,说明主句是个祈使句,应用动词原形knock;而其他三个是非谓语动词形式。20.（2012 北京卷t32）birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away.a.to stay b.staying c.stayed d.stay【解析】选a。考查非谓语动词。句意为:有时候鸟叫声是一种让其他鸟离开的警告。to stay away是不定式短语作warning的定语。【误区警示】靠在一起的不一定是修饰关系(1)误导原因:一般情况下,作定语的非谓语动词紧跟在所修饰词的后面,所以会误以为本题中stay away修饰other birds,就会误选成b项staying。(2)去伪存真:有时,作定语的非谓语动词和所修饰词被其他成分分隔了;此时,要找出正确的被修饰词,去掉干扰词,从而做出正确的选择。21.(2012江西卷t33)having finished her project, she was invited by the school _ to the new students.a.speakingb.having spoken c.to speakd.to have spoken【解析】选c。考查非谓语动词。句意为:完成计划后,她被学校邀请去对新生讲话。在此句中,to do sth.作目的状语,故选c。22.(2012江西卷t35)john has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.a.offered b.offering c.to offer d.to be offered【解析】选b。考查非谓语动词。句意为:约翰真的得到这份工作了,因为他让我看了提供给他工作的那封正式信件。由句式结构可知逻辑主语letter和offer之间是主动关系,且动作已发生所以用offering him it作letter的后置定语。23.(2012陕西卷t15)in a long queue,we waited for the store to open to buy a new ipad.a.standingb.to stand c.stood d.stand【解析】选a。考查非谓语动词作状语。句意为:排成长队,我们等着店铺开门来买一台新的苹果平板电脑。stand与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,要用v.-ing形式作状语,排除c项。所以a项符合题意。24.(2012陕西卷t22)if he takes on this work, he will have no choice butan even greater challenge.a.meetsb.meeting c.meet d.to meet【解析】选d。考查非谓语动词。句意为:如果接受了这项工作,那他别无选择只能会遇到更大的挑战。have no choice but to+动词原形,所以d项符合题意。25.(2012辽宁卷t25)the old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dogthem.a.to followb.following c.followed d.follows【解析】选b。考查with的复合结构。句意为:这对老夫妇经常在晚饭后带着他们的宠物狗在公园里散步。在with的复合结构中,宾语their pet dog 与宾语补足语之间为主动关系,故用following作宾语补足语。26.(2012辽宁卷t29)this machine is very easy.anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.a.operatingb.to be operating c.operated d.to operate【解析】选d。考查动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。句意为:这台机器很容易操作,任何人在几分钟之内都能学会使用它。在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中,应用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。常见的此类形容词有easy, hard, difficult, interesting, heavy, pleasant, comfortable, safe, dangerous, impossible等,该类形容词说明的是不定式的性质。【误区警示】当动词不定式修饰作表语的形容词时一般要用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。此时不能用不定式的被动形式。27.(2012天津卷t11)he got up late and hurried to his office, the breakfast untouched.a.left b.to leave c.leaving d.having left【解析】选c。考查非谓语动词。句意为:他起床晚了,没吃早饭就匆忙去上班了。因为句子的主语he和leave之间存在主动关系,排除表被动的过去分词left;而to leave为动词不定式,一般表目的或意料之外的结果,排除b项;而having left为现在分词的完成时,表示其动作发生在主句谓语表示的动作之前,这显然不合逻辑,排除d项。leaving为现在分词作伴随状语,是正确答案。【方法技巧】非谓语动词题目的解题方法(1)找出该动词的修饰对象(2)根据“现在分词表主动、进行;过去分词表被动、完成;动词不定式一般表目的或意料之外的结果,作定语时往往表将来的动作”进行进一步分析方可找到正确答案。28.(2012浙江卷t3)no matter how bright a talker you are,there are times when its bettersilent.a.remainb.be remaining c.having remainedd.to remain【解析】选d。考查非谓语动词。句意为:不管你是一个多么聪明的健谈者,有时你最好保持沉默。it is+adj.+to do是常用句型,it作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式;it is+adj.+doing只用于一些固定句型,如its no use/no good/useless.doing。故选d。29.(2012浙江卷t8)i think tom, as the head of a big department,should either study regularly orhis job.a.quits b.to quitc.quittingd.quit【解析】选d。考查非谓语动词。句意为:我认为汤姆作为一个大部门的主管,要么定期学习要么辞职。either.or.意为“或者或者;要么要么”,表示两者之一,连接句子中两个并列成分。此处连接两个谓语study和quit。30.(2012浙江卷t11)“its such a nice place,”mother said as she sat at the table _ for customers.a.to be reservedb.having reserved c.reserving d.reserved【解析】选d。考查非谓语动词。句意为:当母亲坐在为顾客预留的桌子旁时,她说“这地方真好。”。此处考查非谓语动词作定语, table和reserve之间是被动关系。to be reserved表将来,不合题意