高考英语阅读理解基础精品题练习（21）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品题练习（21）及答案阅读理解it is your sense of smell that quickly tells you there is good food in the kitchen, or your smelly socks need to be washed.but how do we recognize smell? particular smells turn on certain groups of brain cells(细胞), scientists say. when your nose catches a slight smell of something, one of 1,000 different types of odor-receiving(气味适应) cells pick it up. these cells send an electrical signal to a special part of the brain.a group of scientists studied mouse brains using some particular odors like vanilla, apples and fish. they looked at thin slices of each mouses brain to see which brain cells had been turned on by each odor. the scientists discovered that each odor produces a similar pattern of active cells in different mice. so, a certain combination(组合) of cells can tell a mouse that it is smelling vanilla, apples, fish, or any one of the thousands of other smells.scientists could use studies like this to create a map. it could show which parts of the brain are activated(激活) by different smells. some other scientists, however, say that researchers should also study animals that do not live in a lab, which have spent their lives smelling things in the natural world. with more smelling experience, they might show quite different patterns.60. by doing mouse experiments, the scientists _. a. found different types of odor-receiving cells in mice b. found each smell creates a similar pattern of active cells in different mice c. showed that different mice have different brain cells d. proved that a certain cell can tell a mouse what it smells61. the last paragraph mainly tells us that _. a. scientists think it important to draw a map about smelling b. scientists are determined to do more experiments on mice c. some scientists have different opinions on the study about smelling patterns d. some scientists have already studied animals which live in the natural world62. which of the following would be the best title? a. an experiment on mice b. smelling experience c. bad smell or good smell d. studies on how to recognize smell【福建师大附中2013模拟】boysterwhat is an oyster card?oyster is the easiest way to pay for journeys on the bus，tube，tram，docklands light railway (dlr), london overground and national rail journeys in london you can store your travel cards, bus & tram pass, season tickets and credit to pay for journeys as you go.where to get an oyster card?there are a number of ways for you to get an oyster card: at over 3,900 oyster ticket stopsat tube and london overground station ticket officesat some national rail stationsat london travel information centresonline at tfl. gov. uk/oyster how to use an oyster card?to pay the correct fare on the tube , dlr, london overground and national rail services, you must always touch in on the yellow oyster card reader at the start of your journey, and touch out at the end. if you dont, a maximum cash oyster fare will be charged. when using the bus or tram, you must only touch in at the start, but not at the end of your journey.what happens if i dont visit london very often?dont worry. any pay as you go credit on your card will not expire (过期)，so you can keep it for your next visit or lend it to a friend.farestraveling by tube from central london (zone l)to heathrow (zone 6)adult oyster single fare 4. 20 monday to friday 06:30 - 09:30 and 16:00 - 19:00 2. 70 at all other times including public holidaysadult single cash fare 5.00for further information，visit . uk /fares.60. you can get an oyster card at the following places except _. a. on the website b. at an oyster ticket stop c. at a post office d. at a tube station61.which of the following is true about oyster cards? a.they are limited in use to the owners themselves. b.on national rail services you must touch them on the reader twice. c.they are not suitable for those who dont visit london often. d.oyster card tube fares cost more on public holidays than on weekdays.62. if a person with an oyster card takes the 7 oclock tube from central london to heathrow for a week (no public holiday in between)，he should pay_. a. 18.90 b. 29.40 c. 21.90 d. 26.4063.the passage is probably taken from a _ . a. magazine b. travel brochure(旅游手册) c. textbook d. novel【参考答案】60-63 c b d b american newspapersno country in the world has more daily newspapers than the usa. there are almost 2000 of them, as compared with 180 in japan, 164 in argentina and 111 in britain. the quality of some american papers is extremely high and their views are quoted(引用) all over the influence all over the country. however the post and the times are not national newspapers in the sense that the times is in britain or le monde is in france, since each american city has its own daily newspaper. the best of these present detailed accounts of national and international news, but many tend to limit themselves to state or city news.like the press in most other countries, american newspapers range from the“sensational”, which feature crime, sex and gossip, to the serious, which focus on factual news and the analysis of world events. but with few exceptions american newspapers try to entertain as well as give information, for they have to compete with the attraction of television.just as american newspapers satisfy all tastes, so do they also try and appeal to readers of all political persuasions(信念).a few newspapers support extremist groups on the far right and on the far left, but most daily newspapers attempt to attract middle-of-the-road americans who are essentially moderate(中立的).many of these papers print columns by well-known journalists of different political and social views, in order to present a balanced picture.as in other countries american newspapers can be either responsible or irresponsible, but it is generally accepted that the american press serves its country well and that it has more than once courageously exposed political scandals(诽谤)or crimes, for instance, the watergate affair. the newspaper drew the attention of the public to the horrors of the vietnam war.63. there are fewer national newspapers in_.a. britain than in the use. b. france than in britainc. the usa than in britain or france d. france than in the usa or britain64. most american newspapers try hard to entertain their readers because_.a. they have to keep up a good relation with themb. they have to compete with televisionc. they have to write about crime, sex and gossipd. they have to give factual news in an interesting way65. many american newspaper attract readers of different political preference by_.a. supporting extremist groups from time to timeb. inviting middle-of-the-road american to write articles for themc. avoiding carrying articles about extremistsd. printing articles representing different political viewpoint66. the passage is mainly about_.a. the characteristics of american newspapersb. the development of american newspapersc. the function of american newspapersd. the advantages and disadvantages of american newspapers【解析】：本文介绍了美国的各种报纸为了适合各种口味，而呈现出不同的特征。【考点定位】：考查主旨大意题。water pollution and manwater pollution affects mans health, recreational use of water and sense of beauty.the spread of water-carried disease is of great concern. in highly developed countries in particular, emphasis has changed from concern over bacterial disease to concern over water-carried viral(病毒性的) disease. viral hepatitis(肝炎), for example, has been found to occur more frequently in cities whose water supplies have comparatively high levels of water impurity. poisonous chemicals found in streams that are ultimately used for water supplies also create an important public health problem.it is clear that poisonous chemicals must be excluded from water, but more and more chemicals from new pesticides(杀虫剂), fertilizers, and other new products have been found in water. since the public health importance of these chemicals is not yet fully known, they are of increasing concern. the chemicals from fertilizers are also finding their way into water supplies from pollution.as mans desire for water-based recreation increases, greater demands are placed on the quality of the water. the water must not only but be attractive in appearance but also meet certain other conditions. sports such as swimming involve direct contact with water, and so water standards are raised higher.the range of water quality necessary for industrial processes varies greatly with the intended use of the water. the water used in steel mills, foe example, must have a lower chloride(氧化物)level than that accepted for drinking water. cooling water can often be of comparatively low sanitary(卫生的)quality. a large part of the water used in the paper-making industry an be of relatively low quality in some aspects, but must contain little iron and carbon dioxide.67. the chemicals from pesticides and fertilizers found in water are of increasing concern because_.a. their importance to mans health has not been completely knownb. they may cause groundwater pollutionc. they can find their way into water supplies for farmersd. they are important factors contributing to the spread of disease68. according to the passage, water-based recreation demands that_.a. the water contain a higher level of oxygenb. the water contain little iron and carbon dioxidec. the water be attractive and of high qualityd. the water standards be appropriate for all sports69. in the last paragraph, the author mentions all of the follow in its full text?_a.water quality necessary for steel mills b.soft water and hard water for industrialc.cooling water of low sanitary quality d.water standards for people mills70. as the passage is not complete, what do you think would follow in its full text?_a. the relationship between carbon dioxide and people makingb. water pollutions direct economic effects on man.c. examples of continued water pollution.d. mans views on water pollution in terms of beauty values.70【答案】：d【解析】：前面谈了水污染，后面将谈人们对水污染的看法。注意文章的标题。【考点定位】：考查文章理解题。【福建师大附中2013模拟】cchildrens lives have changed greatly over the last 50 years. but do they have a happier childhood than you or i did?its difficult to look back on ones own childhood without some element of nostalgia（怀旧的). i have four brothers and sisters, and my memories are all about being with them. playing board games on the living room floor, or spending days in the street with the other neighborhood children, racing up and down on our bikes, or exploring the nearby woods. my parents hardly appear in these memories, except as providers either of meals or of severe blame after some particularly risky adventure. these days, in the uk at least, the nature of childhood has changed greatlyfirstly, families are smaller, and there are far more only children. it is common for both parents to work outside the home and there is the feeling that there just isnt time to bring up a large family, or that no one could possibly afford to have more than one child. as a result, todays boys and girls spend much of their time alone. another major change is that youngsters today tend to spend a huge amount of their free time at home, inside. more than anything this is due to the fact that parents worry far more than they used to about real or imagined dangers, so they wouldnt dream of letting their children play outside by themselves.finally, the kind of toys children have and the way they play is totally different. computer and video games have replaced the board games and more in